Abstract: The present invention relates to trifluoromethylpyridone-based methine and azamethine dyes of the formula I ##STR1## a process for their thermal transfer, a process for dyeing or printing synthetic materials and their use.

Abstract: The invention calls for a discrete material (1) such as a gas, a liquid or a living being, to be exposed to electromagnetic radiation from a large-area irradiator (2) causing the molecules to resonate at their natural frequency and hence to become warmer. In order to lower the temperature of the material (1), the radiant energy emitted by its is extracted via a receive antenna (5), resulting in a loss in energy and hence cooling of the material. Working in an enclosed fluid-filled space, the fluid can also be included, by suitable choice of radiation spectrum, in the resonance interaction producing the warming or cooling effect.

Abstract: Disazo dyes of the formula ##STR1## where the ring A may be benzofused,X is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, halogen, carboxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl or hydroxysulfonyl,R.sup.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, halogen, carboxyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are a radical of the formula L--NZ--CO, where L is methylene or carbonyl and Z is substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, andR.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, hydroxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, phenoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkanoyloxy or benzoyloxy,are useful for dyeing natural or synthetic substrates.

Abstract: Benzopyran dyes of the formula ##STR1## where n is 1 or 2,Xhu 1 is oxygen or imino,X.sup.2 is cyano or carbamoyl,R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently of each other C.sub.1 -C.sub.13 -alkyl subject to the proviso that the sum total of the carbon atoms present in R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 shall be at least 10, andR.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, carbamoyl, mono- or di(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl)carbamoyl, sulfamoyl or mono- or di(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl)sulfamoyl,are obtainable from novel iminocoumarin intermediates and useful for dyeing or printing synthetic materials.

Abstract: A process for preparing alkyl cyanoacetates of the general formula I ##STR1## where R is an n-valent aliphatic radical which has 6 to 20 carbon atoms and whose carbon framework can be interrupted by one to three oxygen atoms in ether functionality, and n is a number from 1 to 6, by reacting cyanoacetic acid in aqueous medium with an alcohol R(OH).sub.n, where the esterification is carried out in the presence of an inert entrainer and, during the reaction, water and entrainer are distilled out.

Abstract: Nitro dyes of the formula ##STR1## where X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy or pyrrolidin-2-on-1-yl,X.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, andX.sup.4 is a radical of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstitued C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl,R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy,R.sup.4 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, methoxy or ethoxy, andR.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl,are useful for dyeing or printing textile materials.

Abstract: Methine or azamethine dyes are prepared on the basis of pyridine dyes by condensing an oxime- or formyl-pyridine or its tautomeric form with 5-membered aromatic heterocycles.

Abstract: Triazolopyridine dyes of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, unsubstituted or substituted hydroxyl or unsubstituted or substituted mercapto,Q is a radical of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.2 is a carbocyclic or heterocyclic radical,R.sup.3 is hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,R.sup.4 is hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy,R.sup.5 is unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, unsubstituted or substituted thienyl or unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, or the radical CR.sup.3 R.sup.4 R.sup.5 together is C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl or unsubstituted or substituted thienyl,R.sup.6 is cyano, carbamoyl, carboxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl or benzothiazolyl, andE is CH or nitrogen, andR.sup.

Abstract: Brightener mixtures containing from 75% by weight to 100% by weight, based on the weight of the mixture, of the bisstyryl compounds of the formulae I and II ##STR1## in a weight ratio from 10:90 to 70:30, formulations containing the novel mixtures, and also their use for optically brightening synthetic, semisynthetic or natural polymer materials.

Abstract: Dye mixtures comprising at least 4 dyes of the same color having the formula ##STR1## where D is the radical of a diazo component of the aminoanthraquinone, aniline, aminothiophene, aminothiazole, aminoisothiazole, aminothiadiazole or aminobenzisothiazole series,one of X1 and X2 is substituted or unsubstituted phenylamino while the other is a radical of the formula NH--L--O--R, where L is substited or unsubstituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkylene, andR is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkanoyl,are useful for dyeing or printing textile materials.

Abstract: Azo dyes of the formula ##STR1## where D is the radical of a diazo component, andX is substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkylene,in the form of the free acid or its salts, the use thereof for dyeing or printing natural or synthetic substrates, sulfopyridones as coupling components for these dyes, and a process for preparing them.

Abstract: Triazolopyridine dyes of the formula ##STR1## where one of the two radicals A and E is nitrogen and the other is a radical of the formula C-R.sup.1, where R.sup.1 is unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl or unsubstituted or substituted mercapto,Q is a radical of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.2 is a carbocyclic or heterocyclic radical,R.sup.3 is unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl,R.sup.4 is cyano, carbamoyl, carboxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl or benzothiazolyl or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together are the remainder of a fused-on benzene ring andX is CH or nitrogen, andR.sup.5 is oxygen or a radical of a compound with an acidic CH, and a process for the thermal transfer of these dyes.

Abstract: Azo dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, or unsubstituted or substituted mercapto,R.sup.2 is hydroxyl or mercapto andD is the radical of a diazo component which is selected from the group consisting of the radicals of the formulae ##STR2## where L.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or unsubstituted or substituted amino, one of the two radicals L.sup.2 and L.sup.3 is hydrogen and the other is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or unsubstituted or substituted amino, L.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, L.sup.5 is unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio and L.sup.6 is unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.8 -C.sub.13 -alkyl or phenoxy,their use for dyeing or printing textile materials and novel mercaptotriazolopyridines are described.

Abstract: Triazolopyridine azo dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## where one of the two radicals A and E is nitrogen and the other is a radical of the formula C--R.sup.1, where R.sup.1 is unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl or unsubstituted or substituted mercapto,one of the two radicals R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 is cyano, carbamoyl, carboxyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl and the other is a radical of the formula D--N.dbd.N--, where D is the radical of a diazo component from the aniline series,R.sup.3 is unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenyl, andR.sup.5 is hydroxyl, mercapto, unsubstituted or substituted amino or the radical of a CH-acidic compound,and their use for dyeing or printing textile materials are described.

Abstract: Crystalline molecular sieves useful as colorants contain one or more chromophores of the class of the mono- or polyazo dyes that are devoid of acidic groups.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of dicyanobenzenes of the formula ##STR1## in which x denotes hydroxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, nitro, amino, mono- or di-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl)amino, phthalimido or a nitrogenous saturated 5-membered or 6-membered heterocyclic radical, which is attached to the phenyl ring via a nitrogen atomin which a xylene of the formula ##STR2## in which x has the meaning stated above,is oxidized at a temperature of from 400.degree. to 500.degree. C. with oxygen in the presence of ammonia and a catalyst.

Abstract: Azo dyes of the formula ##STR1## where D is the radical of a diazo component, andX is substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkylene, in the form of the free acid or its salts, the use thereof for dyeing or printing natural or synthetic substrates, sulfopyridones as coupling components for these dyes, and a process for preparing them.

Abstract: Dye mixtures useful for dyeing or printing textile fibers or fabrics contain from 40 to 75% by weight, based on the weight of the dyes, of a dye of the formula ##STR1## where R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and n is 1 and from 25 to 60% by weight, based on the weight of the dyes, of a dye of the abovementioned formula where R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and n is 2.

Abstract: A process for preparing diaminopyridines of the formula ##STR1## where one of the two radicals X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, halogen or nitro and the other is cyano,R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenyl,R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy,R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, andR.sup.5 is optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.4 -alkenyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl,by reacting dichloropyridines of the formula ##STR2## in a first step with an amine of the formula R.sup.5 -NH.sub.2 at from 10.degree. to 80.degree. C. in the presence of a base and of an inert organic diluent and/or water, then removing the diluent and thereafter, with or without prior intermediate isolation of the reaction product, comprises carrying out the second step in a melt at from 90.degree. to 165.degree. C. and at a pH from 3.5 to 6.5 using from 1.

Abstract: There are described benzophenoneazo dyes of the formula ##STR1## where the ring A can be benzofused and a benzofused ring A can be overbridges,m is 1 or 2,K is the radical of a coupling component,Y is hydrogen or arylazo,one of the two radicals X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 is hydrogen and the other is hydroxysulfonyl,R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently of the others hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2-hydroxy-ethylsulfonyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or, when m is 1 and Y is hydrogen, one of these substituents can also be the radical of the formula ##STR2## where L.sup.1 is a chemical bond or a bridge member, and X.sup.1, X.sup.2, R.sup.4, K and the ring A are each as defined above, andR.sup.4 is hydrogen, halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.