Abstract: The invention relates to a novel pharmaceutical preparation which can be administered nasally and is based on an aqueous solution, emulsion or the like which comprises at least one mucosally absorbable and/or locally acting active pharmaceutical ingredient, at least one preservative formed by benzalkonium chloride alone or together with other preservative substances, at least one buffer which keeps the pH at 4 to 6, and in addition at least one osmotic agent and/or at least one wetting agent and which is characterized in that the preparation has a substantially improved ciliary tolerability owing to the fact that in the preparation a buffer based on malic acid is present instead of a buffer which has been employed to date in the pharmaceutical preparation and is based on citrate(s), phosphate(s) and/or acetate(s)—partly or completely replacing it (them)—while retaining the composition, concentration and amount ratios, intended in each case for the pharmaceutical preparation, of active ingredient(s), preservat

Abstract: A stable, nasally, orally or sublingually applicable pharmaceutical preparation for administering to patients has an aqueous solution of desmopressin as the active agent. Said solution contains an osmoticum and a buffer which maintains the pH-value in the range of 4 to 6, preferably about 5. The buffer is malic acid, preferably in the form of a racemate. Thereby an improved stability of the desmopressin content in the preparation is obtained.

Abstract: Welded joints of austenitic steels are tested by ultrasonic sound caused to be incident on the joint at an oblique angle thereto. Information regarding the size and nature of reflectors in the joint can be derived from the amplitude of the echoes generated at the reflectors in response to the sound beam. To ensure a definite relationship between the amplitude of the echoes and the nature and size of the reflector, the frequency of the sound use for testing is below and upper frequency limit at which the wavelength of sound in the base material equals the largest peak-to-valley distance of the base metal weld interface in any of the consecutive areas of the interface on which the sound beam is incident at any time.

Abstract: A tube spacer grid for a heat-exchanger tube bundle is formed by an annular grid frame having a groove formed in its inner surface in which the interspaced grid bars have their ends positioned and held in interspaced relationship by short sections of tubes passed through holes axially formed in the grid frame so that the tubes are positioned between the ends of the grid bars in the grooves. The tube sections may be cut from the same tubes used to form the tube bundle.