Abstract: A composition with non-Newtonian behaviour which comprises a matrix former and nanoscale solid particles whose surface charge has been increased by reaction with an acid or base, and a process for the preparation thereof. The process is suitable for adjusting the rheology of materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of amines and/or Mannich adducts as detergents and/or dispersants in fuel and lubricant compositions for direct-injection gasoline engines. The invention further relates to fuel and lubricant compositions which comprise at least one such Mannich adduct, and also a bisaminoalkylated Mannich adduct.

Abstract: Nanoscale corundum powders are obtained by first producing an Al2O3 precursor by adding seed crystals to an aqueous solution of an aluminium compound and adding a base and then converting the Al2O3 precursor into corundum by calcination at a high temperature. Before the calcination, the salts that are present in addition to the Al2O3 precursor are separated off. The resulting product is calcined at temperatures of 700 to 975° C. and any fines that may be present are removed. The resulting corundum powders can be sintered at temperatures of ?1200° C. to produce compacts or components of multiple layer systems.

Abstract: A process for producing a dispersion of at least two types of finely divided particles. The process comprises providing at least a first type and a second type of finely divided particles with opposite surface charges and particle sizes which differ by a factor of at least three, and combining the particles and a dispersion medium and forming a substantially homogeneous dispersion of the at least two types of finely divided particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plastic film with an interference multilayer system applied thereon that comprises at least two layers. Said layers can be obtained by hardening and/or applying thermal treatment to a coating composition containing nanoscale inorganic solid particles having polymerizable and/or polycondensable organic surface groups, thereby forming a layer that is crosslinked by means of the polymerizable and/or polycondensable organic surface groups. The films can be used as optical laminating film.

Abstract: The invention relates to nanoscale particles suited especially for use in tumor therapy by hyperthermia. Said particles comprise a (preferably superparamagnetic) iron oxide-containing core and at least two shells surrounding said core. The (innermost) shell adjoining the core is an envelope which comprises groups capable of forming cationic groups and is broken down by human or animal tissue at such a slow rate as to allow for association of the core surrounded by said envelope with the surface of cells and/or for absorption of said core into the inside of cells.

Abstract: Magnetic particles with an outer glass surface being essentially poreless or having pores of a diameter of less then 10 nm as well as ferromagnetic particles with a glass surface are preferentially useful for the isolation of biological material from samples. They provide a quick and reliable purification.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for microstructuring electronic components, which yields high resolutions (?200 nm) at a good aspect ratio while being significantly less expensive than photolithographic methods. The inventive method comprises the following steps: i) a planar unhardened sol film of a nanocomposite composition according to claim 1 is produced; ii) a target substrate consisting of a bottom coat (b) and a support (c) is produced; iii) sol film material obtained in step i) is applied to the bottom coat (b) obtained in step ii) by means of a microstructured transfer embossing stamp; iv) the applied sol film material is hardened; v) the transfer embossing stamp is separated, whereby an embossed microstructure is obtained as a top coat (a).

Abstract: Substrates comprising a photocatalytic layer containing TiO2 are produced using TiO2 particles which may optionally be doped with metallic or non-metallic elements or compounds. The photocatalytic layer exhibits a concentration gradient of the TiO2 particles. An organically modified inorganic hybrid layer may be provided between the substrate and the photocatalytic layer.

Abstract: Substrates with a biofilm-inhibiting coating comprising an inorganic condensate modified with organic groups, at least some of the organic groups of the condensate containing fluorine atoms and the coating comprising copper colloids or silver colloids.

Abstract: Preparations of particles having a glass surface, wherein more than 75% by weight of these particles have a particle size between 0.5 ?m and 15 ?m and a glass surface which contains between 2 and 6 mole % zinc oxide, have proven to be particularly advantageous in processes for the purification of nucleic acids. This in particular results in an increased nucleic acid yield.

Abstract: A method for rotogravure printing with radically curable polymerizable printing inks is described, in which said printing inks are cured by actinic radiation and, aside from the necessary additives and pigments, contain no organic solvents and no water as diluent or flow agent. The required flow properties of the inks for rotogravure printing are provided, aside from the use of common reactive diluents such as polymerizable acrylates, by the use of polymerizable vinyl ethers or hydroxyvinyl ethers.

Abstract: A corner key (10) for connecting profiles (12, 14) together and a frame work assembly formed of such corner keys (10) and (profiles (12, 14). Each profile (12, 14) has an anchoring channel (16, 18), a drainage and venting passage (20, 22) and a securing bore (24, 26). The corner key (10) has two adjacent inner corner faces (28, 30), two adjacent outer corner faces (32, 34), and opposite inner and outer side corner faces (36, 38). Tabs (40, 42) on the inner corner faces (28, 30) guide the coupling of the profiles (12, 14). Fasteners (48, 50) are inserted through the outer corner faces (32, 34) in corner key bores (44, 46) and in the bores (24, 26) of the profiles (12, 14). A drainage and venting passage (52) in the corner key (10) communicates with the drainage and venting passages (20, 22) of the profiles (12, 14).

Abstract: A muntin bar assembly for a window or door including a peripheral frame; a continuous surface contained within the frame; at least one continuous muntin bar and at least two discontinuous muntin bars on at least one side of the surface. The continuous muntin bar and discontinuous muntin bars both contain a continuous recessed portion on their underside and are connected together using an intersection clip having a spring-type arrangement which forms an intersection of the bars. The intersection clip has a raised central section that fits within the recessed portion of the continuous muntin bar; and further has two extensions positioned at opposite sides from the central portion which permit engagement of the discontinuous muntin bars to form the muntin assembly. An end clip is also included for attachment and alignment of the inner and outer assembly muntin bar ends and has a U-shape that fits over the edges of the surface for aligning and attaching the inner and outer assembly muntin bars.

Abstract: The invention relates to solid or gel-type nanocomposite material which can be polymerised, containing a) 4.9 95.9 wt. % of a soluble polymer; b) 4-95 wt. % of a partially or totally condensed silane selected from the group of epoxyalkoxysilanes, alkoxysilanes and alkylalkoxysilanes, the silane having an inorganic condensation degree of between 33-100% and an organic conversion degree of between 0-95%; c) 0-60 wt. % of an acrylate; d) 0.1-50 wt. % of surface modified nanometric particles selected from the group of oxides, sulphides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides, carbides, arsenides, antimonides, nitrides, phosphides, carbonates, carboxylates, phosphates, sulphates, silicates, titanates, zirconates, aluminates, stannates, plumbates and a mixed oxides; e) 0-50 wt.-% of a plasticiser, f) 0-5 wt.

Abstract: A polymer film with an optical interference system. The optical interference system comprises at least two layers of different refractive index, which layers comprise nanoscale inorganic particles having organic surface groups that are polymerizable and/or polycondensable. The layers are at least partially crosslinked through the organic surface groups.

Abstract: Two connections are set up. The first one serves to transmit voice information and is controlled by a connection controller routed signaling H.225A, BICC*, H.225B. The second one serves to transmit image information and is controlled by a direct end point routed signaling H.245. Therefore, the services of the network PSTN can also be offered in full to the video telephony in an advantageous manner.

Abstract: Magnetic particles are prepared containing a magnetic core coated with a glass layer having a substantially pore-free class surface or having pores with a diameter offices than 10 nm. The particles are used for separating biological material such as nucleic acids. A preferred process of preparing the particles is by forming a mixture of magnetic cores with a sol formed from an alcohol and a metal alkoxide, spray-drying the mixture to coat the cores with a layer of gelled sol, and heating the coated cores to obtain the magnetic glass particles. Preferably, the particles have an average particle size of less than 100 ?m. The magnetic core may be a composite material containing a mica core and magnetite particles immobilized on the mica core, and the glass layer may contain boron oxide. Magnetic core materials include magnetite (Fe3O4) and Fe2O3.

Abstract: A process for producing an optical element having a gradient structure, wherein a potential difference is generated in a nanocomposite material comprising nanoscale particles in a matrix material to cause a directed diffusion of the nanoscale particles in the matrix material and a concentration gradient of the nanoscale particles in the matrix material.

Abstract: Processes and compositions for printing substrates. A printing paste containing a matrix-forming precondensate containing polyorganosiloxanes obtained by a sol-gel process and at least one coloring, luminescent, conductive and/or catalytically active filler is applied imagewise to the substrate and is densified by heat treatment at a temperature below the glass transition temperature of the matrix being formed. The processes and printing pastes are suitable, for example, for the production of conductor tracks and decorative patterns.