Abstract: The disclosure refers to a magnetization device, and an associated method of operation, for an electron microscope that includes a coil, with a yoke carrying the coil, with a sample holder for holding a sample, and with two poles of the yoke adjoining the sample holder. A gap is present in the yoke between each pole and the coil. A sample is placed on the sample holder by means of an optical microscope and subsequently the part of the magnetization device comprising the sample holder is connected to the part of the magnetization device comprising one or more coils.

Abstract: A sensor array for measuring the deformation of an area caused by a force, comprises a first strip and a second strip arranged in the same plane on the area so as to form a tunnel junction of which at least the first strip is movably arranged on the area so that the gap between the two strips is increased when the area is deformed as a result of the action of the force.

Abstract: A sensor array for measuring the deformation of an area caused by a force, comprises a first strip and a second strip arranged in the same plane on the area so as to form a tunnel junction of which at least the first strip is movably arranged on the area so that the gap between the two strips is increased when the area is deformed as a result of the action of the force.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for application of a magnetic field to a sample, in particular an elongated sample. At least in places, the apparatus has magnetic bodies which are arranged such that they can rotate with respect to one another and have, and leave open, a common access opening for the sample. In particular, this allows the apparatus to be applied to an elongated sample whose ends are not accessible. As a result of the bodies being arranged such that they can rotate with respect to one another, the magnetic fields of the bodies can be adjusted with respect to one another before the apparatus is opened and closed, so as to minimize the magnetic field in the common access opening. In consequence, only small magnetic interaction forces need be overcome during opening and closing.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for application of a magnetic field to a sample, in particular an elongated sample. At least in places, the apparatus has magnetic bodies which are arranged such that they can rotate with respect to one another and have, and leave open, a common access opening for the sample. In particular, this allows the apparatus to be applied to an elongated sample whose ends are not accessible. As a result of the bodies being arranged such that they can rotate with respect to one another, the magnetic fields of the bodies can be adjusted with respect to one another before the apparatus is opened and closed, so as to minimize the magnetic field in the common access opening. In consequence, only small magnetic interaction forces need be overcome during opening and closing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetic flow sensor (1, 21, 51) comprising a) a loop-shaped magnetic field conductor comprising a point (2, 22, 32, 52) which expands to form a bar or a film (3, 23, 52), a loop-shaped part (3a, 23a, 53a) and at least one part (4, 24, 54?, 54?) which guides back the magnetic field lines of the probe, b) SQUID (7, 27, 57), c) and a diaphragm (5, 25, 35, 55) comprising a hole (6, 26, 36, 56), whereby the part (4, 24, 54?, 54?) which guides the magnetic field lines of the probe back to the loop-shaped magnetic field conductor is connected to the diaphragm (5, 25, 35, 55).

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetic flow sensor (1, 21, 51) comprising a) a loop-shaped magnetic field conductor comprising a point (2, 22, 32, 52) which expands to form a bar or a film (3, 23, 52), a loop-shaped part (3a, 23a, 53a) and at least one part (4, 24, 54?, 54?) which guides back the magnetic field lines of the probe, b) SQUID (7, 27, 57), c) and a diaphragm (5, 25, 35, 55) comprising a hole (6, 26, 36, 56), whereby the part (4, 24, 54?, 54?) which guides the magnetic field lines of the probe back to the loop-shaped magnetic field conductor is connected to the diaphragm (5, 25, 35, 55).

Abstract: In order to measure magnetic characteristics of a sample, the latter is positioned above the SQUID so that both the SQUID and the sample are supported in a vessel in a gaseous nitrogen space above a liquid nitrogen coolant so that the measurement can take place at ambient pressure and in a nitrogen atmosphere.

Abstract: In order to measure magnetic characteristics of a sample, the latter is positioned above the SQUID so that both the SQUID and the sample are supported in a vessel in a gaseous nitrogen space above a liquid nitrogen coolant so that the measurement can take place at ambient pressure and in a nitrogen atmosphere.

Abstract: An arrangement for coupling an rf-SQUID magnetometer to a superconductive tank circuit on a substrate is constructed in such a way that the two components are fully integrated into each other. Such integration increases the quality of the tank circuit by a factor of 2 to 3 as opposed to an arrangement obtainable by the flip-chip technology. Furthermore, the integrated arrangement permits simple assessment of coupling “k” between the SQUID and the tank circuit.

Abstract: A gradiometer for measuring magnetic field gradients has two SQUID loops lying in a SQUID loop plane with a flux concentrator lying in a flux concentrator plane parallel to the SQUID loop plane. The flux concentrator body is mirror symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry perpendicular to the SQUID plane and the flux concentrator plane along a basis line connecting the centers of the SQUID loops.

Abstract: c-axis oriented YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7 layers are grown with intervening SrTiO.sub.3 layers bridged over steps at which there is a transformation to a-axis crystal-oriented growth. The multilayer superconductor has YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7 layers which are not thicker than 500 nm while the intervening layers of SrTiO.sub.3 have thicknesses of 20 to 30 nm.