Abstract: Field probe for conducting antenna measurements by phaseless measurements. An antenna arrangement comprises three or four antennas for measuring RF waves. The measured RF waves are pairwise added and subtracted. Based on the result of the adding and subtracting operations, magnitude patterns and phase patterns are determined. In this way, magnitude and phase patterns of electromagnetic waves emitted by a device under test can be determined by a completely passive device.

Abstract: A system for over-the-air testing of a device under test includes a measurement antenna, a reference antenna, a device under test capable of wirelessly transmitting and/or receiving complex radio frequency signals, and an analyzer. The analyzer has at least two ports, wherein the reference antenna is connected with a first port of the analyzer. The measurement antenna is connected with a second port of the analyzer. The analyzer is capable of determining a phase difference and a power ratio of radio frequency signals received via the measurement antenna and the reference antenna. The analyzer is capable of performing an IQ analysis on complex radio frequency signals. Further, a method of over-the-air testing of a device under test is disclosed.

Abstract: A system for over-the-air testing of a device under test includes a measurement antenna, a reference antenna, a device under test capable of wirelessly transmitting and/or receiving complex radio frequency signals, and an analyzer. The analyzer has at least two ports, wherein the reference antenna is connected with a first port of the analyzer. The measurement antenna is connected with a second port of the analyzer. The analyzer is capable of determining a phase difference and a power ratio of radio frequency signals received via the measurement antenna and the reference antenna. The analyzer is capable of performing an IQ analysis on complex radio frequency signals. Further, a method of over-the-air testing of a device under test is disclosed.

Abstract: Field probe for conducting antenna measurements by phaseless measurements. An antenna arrangement comprises three or four antennas for measuring RF waves. The measured RF waves are pairwise added and subtracted. Based on the result of the adding and subtracting operations, magnitude patterns and phase patterns are determined. In this way, magnitude and phase patterns of electromagnetic waves emitted by a device under test can be determined by a completely passive device.

Abstract: A switching system for sequential switching of radio frequency paths is provided. The switching system comprises a plurality of inputs and a plurality of outputs, a plurality of switching elements respectively connected between the plurality of inputs and the plurality of outputs and a trigger module. In this context, multiple signal paths are defined between the plurality of inputs and the plurality of outputs corresponding to specific switch positions of the plurality of switching elements. In addition, the trigger module is adapted to generate a trigger signal in order to switch between the multiple signal paths.

Abstract: A method for performing active over-the-air measurements of a device under test with an antenna is described. The device under test with the antenna is provided. The device under test is arranged randomly in a measurement zone assigned to a measurement antenna. The phase center of the antenna of the device under test is determined. Measurement positions for the active over-the-air measurements are calculated that depend on an offset between the phase center determined and a center of the measurement zone. Further, a measurement system for over-the-air measurements is described.

Abstract: A system for optimizing signal path calibration is provided. The system comprises at least one transmitting module, at least one measuring unit, connected to the transmitting module via a signal path and a processing unit. In this context, the measuring unit is adapted to perform power measurement on the signal path. In addition, the processing unit is adapted to configure the measuring unit with respect to a predefined measurement accuracy and a predefined test time duration.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining the phase center of an antenna under test comprises the following steps: acquiring a transmitted near-field or far-field signal of the antenna under test, by rotational movement of a measuring antenna relative to the antenna under test, the rotation covering at least the angle between the z axis and the x axis of the antenna, the rotational movement covering a spherical measurement region, the acquisition being performed at different angles phi to the z axis and while rotating, relative to the measuring antenna, the antenna under test around its z axis, obtaining far-field phase data by applying a field transformation on the near-filed or far-filed signal obtained, determining the main beam peak location within the measurement region, and transforming the coordinate center of the far-field data based on the main beam peak location in order to determine the phase center.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining the phase center of an antenna under test comprises the following steps: acquiring a transmitted near-field or far-field signal of the antenna under test, by rotational movement of a measuring antenna relative to the antenna under test, the rotation covering at least the angle between the z axis and the x axis of the antenna, the rotational movement covering a spherical measurement region, the acquisition being performed at different angles phi to the z axis and while rotating, relative to the measuring antenna, the antenna under test around its z axis, obtaining far-field phase data by applying a field transformation on the near-filed or far-filed signal obtained, determining the main beam peak location within the measurement region, and transforming the coordinate center of the far-field data based on the main beam peak location in order to determine the phase center.

Abstract: A system for optimizing signal path calibration is provided. The system comprises at least one transmitting module, at least one measuring unit, connected to the transmitting module via a signal path and a processing unit. In this context, the measuring unit is adapted to perform power measurement on the signal path. In addition, the processing unit is adapted to configure the measuring unit with respect to a predefined measurement accuracy and a predefined test time duration.

Abstract: A switching system for sequential switching of radio frequency paths is provided. The switching system comprises a plurality of inputs and a plurality of outputs, a plurality of switching elements respectively connected between the plurality of inputs and the plurality of outputs and a trigger module. In this context, multiple signal paths are defined between the plurality of inputs and the plurality of outputs corresponding to specific switch positions of the plurality of switching elements. In addition, the trigger module is adapted to generate a trigger signal in order to switch between the multiple signal paths.

Abstract: A method for determining a phase center of an antenna under test is described wherein the antenna under test is placed on a positioning unit within an anechoic space of a measurement system, the positioning unit being configured to set the antenna under test in at least one angular orientation. At least the phase of a measurement signal assigned to the antenna under test is determined in dependency of the angular orientation of the antenna under test. The phase center of the antenna under test is determined by using least-square techniques while taking the phase of the measurement signal into account, and an uncertainty of the determination of the phase center is determined based on the outcome of the determination of the phase center of the antenna under test by using the least-square techniques. In addition, a measurement system is described.

Abstract: The present application is related to a method for detection of a signal, the method comprising the steps of performing continuously a direction finding in time-frequency intervals within a time range and a frequency range, determining for each frequency interval a distribution of the direction finding results, DFRs, for all time intervals and evaluating the determined distribution of direction finding results, DFRs, to detect the existence of a signal emitted by a signal source.

Abstract: An antenna array for at least one of generating and receiving a plane wave in a certain distance is described, the antenna array comprising a plurality of antennas which are movable with respect to each other. The antenna array is configured such that plane waves are at least one of generated and received in the near field of the antenna array. Further, a test system and a method for testing a device under test are described.

Abstract: A calibration system for calibrating an antenna array comprising antenna elements comprises a measuring unit, and a calibration antenna connected to the measuring unit. The measuring unit sequentially excites each antenna element of the antenna array with an input signal and receives the corresponding output signal through the calibration antenna. Furthermore, the measuring unit measures a transfer function of each antenna element of the antenna array.

Abstract: A system for phase calibration of an antenna array comprises at least two antenna elements. The system furthermore comprises a device under test comprising the antenna array, a plane wave converter, and a phase measuring unit. Whereas the device under test is configured to transmit or receive a test signal with spatially dependent phase, the plane wave converter is configured to convert the test signal with spatially dependent phase into a signal with constant phase. In addition to this, the device under test or the phase measuring unit is configured to derive calibration values for the phase calibration of the antenna array from the signal with constant phase.

Abstract: An antenna array is described which comprises a plurality of antenna elements. Said antenna elements are grouped in at least two antenna groups. Said antenna elements of each antenna group emit coherent signals. Said antenna groups are arranged symmetrically to a central point of said antenna array. Further, a method for testing a device under test and a test system are described.

Abstract: A method for performing active over-the-air measurements of a device under test with an antenna is described. The device under test with the antenna is provided. The device under test is arranged randomly in a measurement zone assigned to a measurement antenna. The phase center of the antenna of the device under test is determined. Measurement positions for the active over-the-air measurements are calculated that depend on an offset between the phase center determined and a center of the measurement zone. Further, a measurement system for over-the-air measurements is described.

Abstract: A measuring device comprising a plurality of analog signal adjusters, and an antenna array, comprising a plurality of antennas is provided. Each of the plurality of antennas is connected to exactly one of the plurality of analog signal adjusters. The analog signal adjusters are adapted to alter the phase and/or amplitude of signals sent and/or received by the plurality of antennas, generating an antenna characteristic of the antenna array comprising at least a first beamforming beam or a first plane wave and a second beamforming beam or a second plane wave.

Abstract: An antenna array has plurality of active antennas and passive antennas, wherein the passive antennas being arranged such that the radiation patterns of the active antennas adjacent to the passive antennas match the radiation pattern of the active antennas adjacent only to other active antennas. Further, a calibration system and a method for calibrating an antenna array are shown.