Abstract: A building fire situation awareness and evacuation support system includes a plurality of fire monitoring devices for monitoring development of a fire; a plurality of occupant monitoring devices for monitoring occupant distribution in different zones of the building; and a computation device in communication with the fire monitoring devices and occupant monitoring devices, the computation device estimating fire source location and a fire development trend in response to the fire monitoring devices and estimating occupant distributions in different zones of the building in response to the plurality of occupant monitoring devices; the computation device generating an evacuation strategy for occupants in response to the fire monitoring devices, occupant monitoring devices, estimated fire source location, estimated fire development trends, estimated occupant distributions and building structure information; wherein the evacuation strategy includes evacuation routes or evacuation directions.