Abstract: Known shock-absorbing elements are provided with overflow throttles equipped with sealing disks. These overflow throttles have different opening characteristics for the two directions which cannot be changed. The aim of the invention is therefore to provide a novel overflow throttle that can be freely selected and changed. To this end, the overflow throttle consists of a first (13) and a second overflow throttle (13) that are spatially separate and that are allocated to respective pressure chambers (10, 11). Both overflow throttles are provided with sealing disks (23) and are oriented opposite to the sense of the direction of flow. Every overflow throttle (13) is linked with the other pressure chamber (10, 11) via at least one through bore (35) that evades the opposite overflow throttle (13).

Abstract: Conventional gas spring damper units generally develop a lot of noise, which, in the first case, may be traced back to a lack of insulation in the upper support bearing. According to the invention, the upper support bearing (16) should thus be fitted with an additional pressure equalisation chamber (30) on the side of the rubber element (18), facing away from the spring chamber (12), which is connected to the spring chamber (12), by means of a pressure equalisation channel.

Abstract: Gas spring damper units have flow limiting valves, which are either constant flow drillings or spring loaded non-return valves. Said solutions either do not permit a damping behavior which is dependent upon the direction of displacement or are too complicated and expensive. According to the Invention, the flow limiting valves (15) thus each have a different flow resistance depending upon the direction of flow and the flow resistance of each flow limiting valve (15) is set in at least one direction such that the critical Reynolds number for the transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow lies within the pressure difference across the flow limiting valve (15) as determined by the possible piston speeds.

Abstract: A multistage piston compressor and a method for cooling of an electrical motor for a multistage piston compressor. Conventional piston compressors produce a high part of heat dissipation. This influences negatively the energy balance of the piston compressor and requires a high expenditure in cooling agents for conserving and treating with care the piston compressor. It is therefore disclosed to furnish the always present volume changeable free chamber (19) at the piston compressor (1) as a pressure chamber and a suction chamber, and to connect this volume changeable free chamber (19) to the atmosphere through the inner chamber of the electrical motor (2).

Abstract: An automotive wheel suspension in which forces acting transversally of a strut comprising, in telescoping relationship, a shock absorber and an elongated spring element, as a result of substantially vertical movement of the wheel are compensated by positioning the spring element substantially eccentrically relative to the axis of the shock absorber so that it substantially conforms to the direction of the resultant or sum of the forces causing vertical movement of the wheel.

Abstract: A pneumatic spring and dampening strut for automotive vehicles comprising a housing having a closed end and an open end to form an elongated cylindrical chamber within which a piston is mounted for reciprocal and pivotal movement and dividing the chamber into a section acting as a spring and another chamber acting as a dampener. The dampening chamber is enclosed by a rolling bellows affixed to the piston rod and to the housing near its open end.

Abstract: A novel pneumatic spring-loaded damping apparatus having a piston mounted for reciprocal movement within a cylindrical housing and provided with a piston rod which at extends through a resilient chamber provided by a rolling bellows at one end of the housing, the rolling bellows being mounted for rotation relative to the housing or the piston rod to provide a strut for a steerable front wheel of an automotive vehicle.

Abstract: A pneumatic spring-loaded damping or shock absorbing apparatus provided with a venting port and a seal activated by a piston for automatically sealing the port when the apparatus approaches its fully expanded position for maintaining residual pressure within the apparatus.

Abstract: A novel spring-loaded damping unit having a piston mounted for sliding movement within an enclosed cylindrical housing, the piston being provided with a throttle for a controlled exchange of pressure between chambers on opposite sides of the piston wherein the throttle comprises one or more steel washers biased against seats engaging outer and inner peripheral positions on opposite surfaces of the washer. In the case of more than one washer a resilient layer may be provided between them.

Abstract: A test device for acceleration sensors comprises a low-friction carriage in articular supported by an air cushion. A drive is coupled to the carriage for producing a predetermined acceleration course of the carriage and a test object secured thereto. A direct pneumatic drive is provided at the carriage and has at least one piston and at least one cylinder defining an air space. A control device is arranged upstream of the air space and adapted to cause a pressure course in the air space corresponding to the desired acceleration course.