Abstract: The present invention provides conjugates between Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor and PEG moieties. The conjugates are linked via an intact glycosyl linking group that is interposed between and covalently attached to the peptide and the modifying group. The conjugates are formed from both glycosylated and unglycosylated peptides by the action of a glycosyltransferase. The glycosyltransferase ligates a modified sugar moiety onto either an amino acid or glycosyl residue on the peptide. Also provided are pharmaceutical formulations including the conjugates. Methods for preparing the conjugates are also within the scope of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides modified platelets having a reduced platelet clearance and methods for reducing platelet clearance. Also provided are compositions for the preservation of platelets. The invention also provides methods for making a pharmaceutical composition containing the modified platelets and for administering the pharmaceutical composition to a mammal to mediate hemostasis.

Abstract: The present invention provides conjugates between Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor and PEG moieties. The conjugates are linked via an intact glycosyl linking group that is interposed between and covalently attached to the peptide and the modifying group. The conjugates are formed from both glycosylated and unglycosylated peptides by the action of a glycosyltransferase. The glycosyltransferase ligates a modified sugar moiety onto either an amino acid or glycosyl residue on the peptide. Also provided are pharmaceutical formulations including the conjugates. Methods for preparing the conjugates are also within the scope of the invention.

Abstract: A novel gene defining a novel enzyme UDP-Galactose: ?-D-Galactose-R 4-?-D-galactosyltransferase, termed ?4Gal-T1, with unique enzymatic properties is disclosed. The invention discloses isolated DNA molecules and DNA constructs encoding ?4Gal-T1 and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletion, substitution or insertion exhibiting ?4Gal-T1 activity, as well as cloning and expression vectors including such DNA, cells transfected with vectors, and recombinant methods for providing ?4Gal-T1. The enzyme ?4Gal-T1 and ?4Gal-active derivatives thereof are disclosed. Further, the invention discloses methods of obtaining ?1, 4galactosyl glycosylated glycosphingolipids by use of an enzymatically active ?4Gal-T1 protein thereof or by using cells stably transfected with a vector including DNA encoding an enzymatically active ?4Gal-T1 protein as an expression system for recombinant production of such glycosphingolipids.

Abstract: A novel gene defining a novel human UDP-GlcNAc: Gal?1-3GalNAca ?1,6GlcNAc-transferase, termed C2GnT3, with unique enzymatic properties is disclosed. The enzymatic activity of C2GnT3 is shown to be distinct from that of previously identified enzymes of this gene family. The invention discloses isolated DNA molecules and DNA constructs encoding C2GnT3 and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletion, substitution or insertion exhibiting C2GnT3 activity, as well as cloning and expression vectors including such DNA, cells transfected with the vectors, and recombinant methods for providing C2GnT3. The enzyme C2GnT3 and C2GnT3-active derivatives thereof are disclosed, in particular soluble derivatives comprising the catalytically active domain of C2GnT3.

Abstract: A novel gene defining a novel human UDP-GlcNAc: Gal?1-3GalNAc? ?1,6GlcNAc-transferase, termed C2GnT3, with unique enzymatic properties is disclosed. The enzymatic activity of C2GnT3 is shown to be distinct from that of previously identified enzymes of this gene family. The invention discloses isolated DNA molecules and DNA constructs encoding C2GnT3 and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletion, substitution or insertion exhibiting C2GnT3 activity, as well as cloning and expression vectors including such DNA, cells transfected with the vectors, and recombinant methods for providing C2GnT3. The enzyme C2GnT3 and C2GnT3-active derivatives thereof are disclosed, in particular soluble derivatives comprising the catalytically active domain of C2GnT3.

Abstract: A novel gene defining a novel human UDP-GlcNAc: Gal?1-3GalNAc? ?1,6GlcNAc-transferase, termed C2GnT3, with unique enzymatic properties is disclosed. The enzymatic activity of C2GnT3 is shown to be distinct from that of previously identified enzymes of this gene family. The invention discloses isolated DNA molecules and DNA constructs encoding C2GnT3 and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletion, substitution or insertion exhibiting C2GnT3 activity, as well as cloning and expression vectors including such DNA, cells transfected with the vectors, and recombinant methods for providing C2GnT3. The enzyme C2GnT3 and C2GnT3-active derivatives thereof are disclosed, in particular soluble derivatives comprising the catalytically active domain of C2GnT3.

Abstract: A novel gene defining a novel enzyme in the UDP-D-galactose: ?-N-acetylglucosamine/?-N-acetylgalactosamine ?1,3galactosyltransferase family, termed ?3Gal-T5, with unique enzymatic properties is disclosed. The enzymatic activity of ?3Gal-T5 is shown to be distinct from that of previously identified enzymes of this gene family. The invention discloses isolated DNA molecules and DNA constructs encoding ?3Gal-T5 and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletion, substitution or insertion exhibiting ?3Gal-T5 activity, as well as cloning and expression vectors including such DNA, cells transfected with the vectors, and recombinant methods for providing ?3Gal-T5. The enzyme ?3Gal-T5 and ?3Gal-T5-active derivatives thereof are disclosed, in particular soluble derivatives comprising the catalytically active domain of ?3Gal-T5.

Abstract: A novel gene defining a novel enzyme UDP-galactose: ?-D-galactose-R 4-?-D-galactosyltransferase, termed ?4Gal-T1, with unique enzymatic properties is disclosed. The invention provides isolated DNA molecules and DNA constructs encoding ?4Gal-T1 and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletion, substitution or insertion exhibiting ?4Gal-T1 activity, as well as cloning and expression vectors including such DNA, host cells comprising DNA encoding ?4Gal-T1, and recombinant methods for providing ?4Gal-T1. The enzyme ?4Gal-T1 and ?4Gal-active derivatives thereof are disclosed. Further, the invention discloses methods of obtaining ?1, 4galactosyl glycosylated glycosphingolipids by use of an enzymatically active ?4Gal-T1 protein thereof or by using cells stably transfected with a vector including DNA encoding an enzymatically active ?4Gal-T1 protein as an expression system for recombinant production of such glycosphingolipids.

Abstract: A novel gene defining a novel human UDP-GlcNAc: Gal/Gl cNAc? 1-3GalNAc ??1, 6GlcNAc-transferase, termed C2/4GnT, with unique enzymatic properties is disclosed. The enzymatic activity of C2/4GnT is shown to be distinct from that of previously identified enzymes of this gene family. The invention discloses isolated DNA molecules and DNA constructs encoding C2/4GnT and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletion, substitution or insertion exhibiting C2/4GnT activity, as well as cloning and expression vectors including such DNA, cells transfected with the vectors, and recombinant methods for providing C2/4GnT. The enzyme C2/4GnT and C2/4GnT-active derivatives thereof are disclosed, in particular soluble derivatives comprising the catalytically active domain of C2/4GnT.

Abstract: The present invention provides polypeptides that include an O-linked glycosylation site that is not present in the wild-type peptide. The polypeptides of the invention include glycoconjugates in which a species such as a water-soluble polymer, a therapeutic agent of a biomolecule is covalently linked through an intact O-linked glycosyl residue to the polypeptide. Also provided are methods of making the peptides of the invention and methods, pharmaceutical compositions containing the peptides and methods of treating, ameliorating or preventing diseased in mammals by administering an amount of a peptide of the invention sufficient to achieve the desired response.

Abstract: This invention relates to enzymatic removal of type A and B antigens from blood group A, B, and AB reactive cells in blood products, and thereby converting these to non-A and non-B reactive cells. The invention further relates to using unique alpha N-acetylgalactosaminidases and alpha-galactosidases with superior kinetic properties for removing the immunodominant monosaccharides of the blood group A and B antigens and improved performance in enzymatic conversion of red blood cells.

Abstract: A novel gene defining a novel enzyme in the UDP-D-galactose: b-N-acetyl-glucosamine ?-1,4-galactosyltransferase family, termed ?4Gal-T2, with unique enzymatic properties is disclosed. The enzymatic activity of ?4Gal-T2 is shown to be distinct from that of previously identified enzymes of this gene family. The invention discloses isolated DNA molecules and DNA constructs encoding ?4Gal-T2 and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletion, substitution or insertion exhibiting ?4Gal-T2 activity, as well as cloning and expression vectors including such DNA, cells transfected with the vectors, and recombinant methods for providing ?4Gal-T2. The enzyme ?4Gal-T2 and ?4Gal-T2-active derivatives thereof are disclosed, in particular soluble derivatives comprising the catalytically active domain of ?4Gal-T2.

Abstract: A novel gene defining a novel enzyme in the UDP-D-galactose: b-N-acetyl-glucosamine ?-1,4-galactosyltransferase family, termed ?4Gal-T2, with unique enzymatic properties is disclosed. The enzymatic activity of ?4Gal-T2 is shown to be distinct from that of previously identified enzymes of this gene family. The invention discloses isolated DNA molecules and DNA constructs encoding ?4Gal-T2 and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletion, substitution or insertion exhibiting ?4Gal-T2 activity, as well as cloning and expression vectors including such DNA, cells transfected with the vectors, and recombinant methods for providing ?4Gal-T2. The enzyme ?4Gal-T2 and ?4Gal-T2-active derivatives thereof are disclosed, in particular soluble derivatives comprising the catalytically active domain of ?4Gal-T2.

Abstract: The unique function of the gene egghead as a GDP-mannose: Glc?1 -Cer ?1,4 mannosyltransferase is disclosed. The invention discloses isolated DNA molecules and DNA constructs encoding fragments of egghead and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletions, substitutions or insertions exhibiting egghead activity, as well as cloning and expression vectors including such DNA, cells transfected with vectors, and recombinant methods for providing egghead protein. Further, the invention discloses methods of obtaining ?1,4-mannosylated glycosphingolipids by use of an enzymatically active egghead protein or by using cells stably transfected with a vector including DNA encoding an enzymatically active egghead protein as an expression system for recombinant production of such glycosphingolipids. Also a method for changing, altering or blocking the glycosphingolipid synthesis of cells by stably or transiently transfection with a vector including DNA encoding enzymatically active egghead protein.

Abstract: A novel gene defining a novel human UDP-GlcNAc: Gal/Gl cNAc? 1-3GalNAc ??1, 6GlcNAc-transferase, termed C2/4GnT, with unique enzymatic properties is disclosed. The enzymatic activity of C2/4GnT is shown to be distinct from that of previously identified enzymes of this gene family. The invention discloses isolated DNA molecules and DNA constructs encoding C2/4GnT and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletion, substitution or insertion exhibiting C2/4GnT activity, as well as cloning and expression vectors including such DNA, cells transfected with the vectors, and recombinant methods for providing C2/4GnT. The enzyme C2/4GnT and C2/4GnT-active derivatives thereof are disclosed, in particular soluble derivatives comprising the catalytically active domain of C2/4GnT.

Abstract: Novel methods for identification of inhibitors or modulators of binding activities mediated by lectin domains of polypeptide GalNAc-transferases are disclosed. Direct binding activity of GalNAc-transferase lectins has been demonstrated for the first time and methods to measure lectin mediated binding of isolated lectins or enzymes with lectin domains are disclosed. The present invention specifically discloses a novel selective inhibitor of polypeptide GalNAc-transferase lectin domains, which provides a major advancement in that this inhibitor and related inhibitors sharing common characteristics of activity bind lectin domains without serving as acceptor substrate for glycosyltransferases involved in synthesis of O-glycans. This inhibitor is represented by the ?-anomeric configuration of GalNAc-benzyl, GalNAc?-benzyl.

Abstract: A novel gene defining a novel human UDP-GlcNAc: Gal&bgr;1-3GalNAca &bgr;1,6GlcNAc-transferase, termed C2GnT3, with unique enzymatic properties is disclosed. The enzymatic activity of C2GnT3 is shown to be distinct from that of previously identified enzymes of this gene family. The invention discloses isolated DNA molecules and DNA constructs encoding C2GnT3 and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletion, substitution or insertion exhibiting C2GnT3 activity, as well as cloning and expression vectors including such DNA, cells transfected with the vectors, and recombinant methods for providing C2GnT3. The enzyme C2GnT3 and C2GnT3-active derivatives thereof are disclosed, in particular soluble derivatives comprising the catalytically active domain of C2GnT3.

Abstract: A novel gene defining a novel human UDP-GlcNAc: Gal&bgr;1-3GalNAc&agr;&bgr;1,6GlcNAc-transferase, termed C2GnT3, with unique enzymatic properties is disclosed. The enzymatic activity of C2GnT3 is shown to be distinct from that of previously identified enzymes of this gene family. The invention discloses isolated DNA molecules and DNA constructs encoding C2GnT3 and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletion, substitution or insertion exhibiting C2GnT3 activity, as well as cloning and expression vectors including such DNA, cells transfected with the vectors, and recombinant methods for providing C2GnT3. The enzyme C2GnT3 and C2GnT3-active derivatives thereof are disclosed, in particular soluble derivatives comprising the catalytically active domain of C2GnT3.

Abstract: A novel gene defining a novel enzyme in the UDP-D-galactose: &bgr;-N-acetylglucosamine/&bgr;-N-acetylgalactosamine &bgr;1,3galactosyltransferase family, termed &bgr;3Gal-T5, with unique enzymatic properties is disclosed. The enzymatic activity of &bgr;3Gal-T5 is shown to be distinct from that of previously identified enzymes of this gene family. The invention discloses isolated DNA molecules and DNA constructs encoding &bgr;3Gal-T5 and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletion, substitution or insertion exhibiting &bgr;3Gal-T5 activity, as well as cloning and expression vectors including such DNA, cells tranfected with the vectors, and recombinant methods for providing &bgr;3Gal-T5. The enzyme &bgr;3Gal-T5 and &bgr;3Gal-T5-active derivatives thereof are disclosed, in particular soluble derivatives comprising the catalytically active domain of &bgr;3Gal-T5.