Abstract: Process for the preparation of dimethyl ether comprising the steps of: a) providing a methanol containing feed stock; b) introducing the feed stock into a reaction zone within a gas cooled dimethyl ether reactor and passing the feed stock through the reaction zone; c) introducing a cooling gas stream into a cooling space within the gas cooled dimethyl ether reactor; d) reacting the feed stock in the reaction zone in presence of a catalyst being active in the dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether to obtain a reactor effluent comprising dimethyl ether.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of dimethyl ether comprising the steps of: a) providing a methanol containing feed stock; b) introducing the feed stock into a reaction zone within a gas cooled dimethyl ether reactor and passing the feed stock through the reaction zone; c) introducing a cooling gas stream into a cooling space within the gas cooled dimethyl ether reactor; d) reacting the feed stock in the reaction zone in presence of a catalyst being active in the dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether to obtain a reactor effluent comprising dimethyl ether.

Abstract: Process for the production of ammonia from a hydrocarbon feedstock all steam produced in the waste heat boilers of the reforming and ammonia section of the plant is superheated in one or more steam superheaters located downstream the ammonia converter in the ammonia section of the plant. There is no need for steam superheater (s) in the reforming section of the plant to cool the synthesis gas. A steam superheater for use in the process is also provided. The superheater comprises two compartments in which the first and second compartments are connected in series with respect to the steam flow and in parallel with respect to the process gas flow.

Abstract: Process for the production of ammonia from a hydrocarbon feedstock all steam produced in the waste heat boilers of the reforming and ammonia section of the plant is superheated in one or more steam superheaters located downstream the ammonia converter in the ammonia section of the plant. There is no need for steam superheater (s) in the reforming section of the plant to cool the synthesis gas. A steam superheater for use in the process is also provided. The superheater comprises two compartments in which the first and second compartments are connected in series with respect to the steam flow and in parallel with respect to the process gas flow.

Abstract: Heat exchange process comprising sequential cooling a first fluid by indirect heat exchange with a second fluid and comprising the following steps: introducing the first fluid sequentially into at least two concentric U-tube bundles defining at least a first heating zone and a second heating zone respectively, introducing a second fluid onto the shell side of the U-tube bundles, each heating zone partially separated from the other by a wall, the first heating zone being a colder zone and the second heating zone being a hotter zone, the tube bundle of the first colder heating zone being made of a low alloy steel and the tube bundle of the second hotter heating zone being made of a temperature and corrosion resistant alloy, withdrawing the cooled second fluid and the heated first fluid. The invention also concerns a heat exchanger for use in the above process.

Abstract: A reformer furnace having a cylindrical shell with an open outlet end in bottom of the shell, and a burner surrounded by a wall spaced apart the burner arranged within the shell and spaced apart from inner wall surface of the shell, thereby defining a reformer chamber between the burner wall and inner surface of the shell and a combustion chamber within the wall surrounding the burner. One or more reformer tubes, having an outer tube with a closed end and an open ended inner tube are arranged vertically within the reformer chamber, so that a hot flue gas from the burner circulates with an upward flow in the combustion chamber and a downward flow in the reformer chamber.

Abstract: Process and process unit for the preparation of ammonia synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising sequentially primary and secondary catalytic steam reforming of the feedstock in a primary heat exchange steam reformer and in a subsequent secondary reformer, wherein an effluent stream of primary steam reformed gas is heated by indirect heat exchange with a hot product effluent of secondary reformed gas prior to introduction of the primary steam reformed gas into the secondary reformer.