Abstract: A system for an agricultural harvester includes one or more processors and one or more non-transitory computer-readable media that stores a machine-learned mass estimation model configured to receive data associated with one or more operation-related conditions for an agricultural harvester and process the data to determine an output indicative of a stalk mass for the agricultural harvester. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media also stores instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, configure the computing system to perform operations. The operations include obtaining the data associated with one or more operation-related conditions; inputting the data into the machine-learned mass estimation model; and receiving a value for the stalk mass as the output of the machine-learned mass estimation model for a defined time period.