Abstract: A light engine is provided including a thermally conductive housing including a generally cylindrical wall defining a cavity, the cylindrical wall includes an inner surface and an outer surface, a plurality of ducted passageways being axially disposed on the outer surface, a light module including at least one light emitting diode (LED) for producing visible light, the light module coupled to a first end of the housing, wherein heat generated by the at least one LED is conducted to the housing, and a current driver circuit arranged on a substrate, the substrate configured to be disposed in the cavity of the housing and electrically coupled to the light module for providing current to the at least one LED. The ducted passageways aid in convective heat dissipation through a “chimney” type of affect.

Abstract: A thermal management system having an enclosure comprising a pair of enclosure regions disposed on opposite surfaces of a flexible thermally conductive sheet. The enclosure regions are coupled together through an aperture provided in the sheet. A liquid transporting material is disposed within the enclosure and passes between the enclosure regions through the aperture. A liquid is disposed on the liquid transporting material. One end portion of the thermally conductive sheet is adapted for thermal coupling to a heat source and the opposite end portion is adapted for thermal coupling to a heat sink. Heat emanating from the heat source passes though the thermally conductive sheet to the liquid to convert the liquid to a vapor. The vapor passes within, and through, the enclosure regions for transportation to the end of the liquid transporting material disposed adjacent the heat sink coupling end of the thermally conductive material.

Abstract: A heat sink in adapted to be attached to a pin grid array comprising a pair of grooves extending along opposite sides into which grooves the tops of attachment clips are disposed. The heat sink has a pair of indentations on opposite sides of each clip holds each clip in place in the groove, the heat sink with the clips attached being positioned between two compression sections of a pair of attachment pliers and when a pin grid array is positioned adjacent to the heat sink, compression of the plier handles connects the clips to the pin grid array. Removal is accomplished by a pair of pliers having projecting points which fit beneath the clips so that compression of the plier handles forces the clip away from the pin grid array disconnecting it.

Abstract: A heat sink comprising a thin plate made of a heat conducting material, which plate includes a series of small tapered chimneys extending therethrough, the plate being adapted to fit over and parallel to an entire circuit board, thermally connecting with the semiconductors on the board, the chimneys being spaced inbetween the semiconductors and facilitating natural or forced airflow from the area between the plate and the printed circuit board to the area outside by means of the low pressure drop created by their tapering, the heat sink taking very little vertical space in the electronics package including the printed circuit board while providing effective heat dissipation and shielding from electro-magnetic radiation and/or radio frequency interference for the semiconductors on the board.

Abstract: A meter for measuring the brightness and/or consistency of pulp slurry. An optical probe introduces light energy into the slurry, which energy is transmitted and back-scattered, and reflected orthogonally. Three signals are provided which correspond to the back-scattered, reflected, and transmitted energy. Each of the signals is ratioed against a reference signal which corresponds to the intensity of the energy introduced into the slurry to provide three outputs proportional to the difference between the reference signal and the received signals. The output corresponding to the back-scattered energy is multiplied by the log of the output corresponding to the transmitted energy to produce a measurement of brightness independent of consistency. The output corresponding to the back-scattered energy is divided by the log of the output corresponding to the reflected energy to produce a measurement of consistency which is independent of the pulp brightness.