Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) are disclosed. The tetrapyrole ring in formula (I) can be substituted with a metal cation (M); R1, R2, R3 and R4 separately represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-4 alkyl or alkyloxy radical, or a phenyl radical optionally substituted by vinyl, hydroxy, nitro, amino, bromo, chloro, fluoro, iodo, benzyloxy, or hydroxymethyl radicals; R5, R6, R7 and R8 separately represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl radical; Ra, Rb and Rc separately represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-4 alkyl or alkyloxy radical optionally substituted by a halogen, or a phenyl radical optionally substituted by vinyl, hydroxy, nitro, amino, bromo, chloro, fluoro, iodo, benzyloxy, or hydroxymethyl radicals, wherein at least one of Ra, Rb, and Rc is a phenyl radical. Compounds of formula (I) bound to a silica, a sol-gel material or a mesoporous silica are useful for selective trapping of carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A method of preparing cyclene having formula (I) from triethylenetetraamine having formula (VIII) or ethylenediamine having formula (VIII?) includes a series of steps. The first series of steps (I) includes a step A (one-pot preparation of the compound having formula (IIa) from the compound having formula (VIII)), followed by a step B (transforming the compound having formula (IIa) into cyclene having formula (I)). The second series of steps (II) includes a step C (preparing the compound having formula (IIb) from the compound having formula (VIII)), followed by a step D (transforming the compound having formula (IIb) into cylcene having formula (I)). The third series of steps (III) includes a step E involving the onepot preparation of the compound having formula (IIa) from the compound having formula (VIII), followed by a step B involving the transformation of the compound having formula (IIa) into cyclene having formula (I).

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for preparing organic-inorganic hybrid materials with controlled porosity and functionality comprising hydrolysis and condensation polymerization of a compound of formula (I): Z-R1—Si(OR)(OR?)(OR?), with an alkaline or alkaline-earth silicate in a mol ratio of (I)/(silicate)=1:9, in the presence of a non-ionic surfactant, to form a mesoporous silica represented by Z-R1—SiO1.5 9 SiO2, whereon is then anchored an organic compound, represented by (?)N—H, comprising a —NH— group capable of reacting with Z, to form a functionalized mesoporous silica represented by (?)N—R—SiO1.5 9 SiO2, which is optionally complexed with a metallic cation to form an organometallic complex. The invention also concerns the use of these materials to separate gases.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for preparing organic-inorganic hybrid materials with controlled porosity and functionality comprising hydrolysis and condensation polymerization of a compound of formula (I): Z-R1—Si(OR)(OR?)(OR?), with an alkaline or alkaline-earth silicate in a mol ratio of (I)/(silicate)=1:9, in the presence of a non-ionic surfactant, to form a mesoporous silica represented by Z-R1—SiO1.5 9 SiO2, whereon is then anchored an organic compound, represented by (?)N—H, comprising a —NH— group capable of reacting with Z, to form a functionalized mesoporous silica represented by (?)N—R—SiO1.5 9 SiO2, which is optionally complexed with a metallic cation to form an organometallic complex. The invention also concerns the use of these materials to separate gases.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing lyophilized microorganisms, such as lyophilized bacteria, of the type in which a culture medium is inoculated with one or more strains of microorganisms during one of the steps of the method. The invention is characterised in that, prior to the inoculation step, the culture medium is treated with a treatment gas comprising an inert gas or a reducing gas or a mixture of such inert and reducing gases, in order to obtain a determined redox potential value Eh for the medium, which is less than the value obtained when the medium is in equilibrium with the air.

Abstract: A method for guaranteeing at least one characteristic of a fluid used for producing food products. This method utilizes a system for piping and delivering the fluid, combined with means for producing the products, in order to use the fluid for producing the products; the measuring a value of the characteristic; the comparing the measured value with a predetermined threshold value; the act of executing an action if the measured value departs from the threshold value; the combining the measured value with first information for identifying at least one product; and then the storing the associated value and the associated information.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for preparing organic-inorganic hybrid materials with controlled porosity and functionality comprising hydrolysis and condensation polymerization of a compound of formula (I): Z-R1—Si(OR)(OR?)(OR?), with an alkaline or alkaline-earth silicate in a mol ratio of (I)/(silicate)=1:9, in the presence of a non-ionic surfactant, to form a mesoporous silica represented by Z-R1—SiO1.5 9 SiO2, whereon is then anchored an organic compound, represented by (?)N—H, comprising a —NH— group capable of reacting with Z, to form a functionalized mesoporous silica represented by (?)N—R—SiO1.5 9 SiO2, which is optionally complexed with a metallic cation to form an organometallic complex. The invention also concerns the use of these materials to separate gases.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing nitrogen macrocycles having formula (I). The inventive method comprises a step involving the reaction of compounds (II) and (III) in order to form a compound having formula (IV). Said compound is subsequently made to react with a compound having formula (V) in order to form a compound having formula (VI).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing products using a fluid, which enables one to control the quality of the fluid from the point of production to the point of use, monitored on a microbiological, physical, and chemical basis. At least one sensor for the acquisition of purity information and a system for storing such purity information is included.

Abstract: Processes for producing dairy products. A fermented dairy product, of the type where, during one of the steps of the production process, a milk mixture is seeded with one or more strains of lactic acid bacteria. Before the seeding step, the milk mixture is treated with a treatment gas containing hydrogen, so as to obtain a desired redox potential value Eh of the milk mixture that is less than the value obtained when the milk mixture is in equilibrium with air.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for inhibiting growth and quorum sensing mechanisms in food-borne microorganisms by simultaneously exposing a food product to an antimicrobial gas mixture and a treating agent adapted to inhibit signaling between the microorganisms.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for sanitizing food contact surfaces and food processing equipment using a combination of carbon dioxide (CO2) and antimicrobial chemicals. Generally, the invention provides a method for antimicrobial sanitation, comprising placing an object in a vessel containing an antimicrobial chemical, providing CO2 into the vessel, and removing the object from the vessel after a given treatment time during which the object is exposed to the provided CO2 and the antimicrobial chemical.

Abstract: The invention concerns compounds of formula (I), wherein: R1, R2, R3 and R4 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical comprising 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a phenyl radical optionally substituted by one or several groups selected among vinyl, hydroxy, nitro, amino, bromo, chloro, fluoro, iodo, benzyloxy radicals, alkyl or alkyloxy radicals comprising 1 to 4 carbon atoms optionally substituted by one or several bromo, chloro, fluoro or iodo groups; R5, R6, R7 and R8 represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical comprising 1 to 4 carbon atoms; Ra, Rb, and Rc represent a hydrogen atom, a phenyl radical optionally substituted by one or several groups selected among the vinyl, hydroxy, nitro, amino, bromo, chloro, fluoro, iodo, benzyloxy radicals, alkyl or alkyloxy radicals comprising 1 to 4 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or several bromo, chloro, fluoro or iodo groups.

Abstract: A method of preparing cyclene having formula (I) from triethylenetetraamine having formula (VIII) or ethylenediamine having formula (VIII?) includes a series of steps. The first series of steps (I) includes a step A (one-pot preparation of the compound having formula (IIa) from the compound having formula (VIII)), followed by a step B (transforming the compound having formula (IIa) into cyclene having formula (I)). The second series of steps (II) includes a step C (preparing the compound having formula (IIb) from the compound having formula (VIII)), followed by a step D (transforming the compound having formula (IIb) into cylcene having formula (I)). The third series of steps (III) includes a step E involving the one-pot preparation of the compound having formula (IIa) from the compound having formula (VIII), followed by a step B involving the transformation of the compound having formula (IIa) into cyclene having formula (I).

Abstract: This disclosure discusses methods of preserving and carbonating beverages. The invention provides a method of injecting carbon dioxide containing gas into a liquid, such as a carbonated alcoholic beverage or beer, to obtain a first pressure, which is held constant for a desired length of time. The pressure is then reduced to a final second pressure, whereby retaining a sufficient level of carbon dioxide in the liquid. The carbon dioxide containing gas may be carbon dioxide or mixtures of carbon dioxide and an inert gas. The desired effects include reduction in beer spoilage microorganisms, reduction of dissolved oxygen in the liquid, inhibition of enzymes in the stored liquid, and being able to obtain a target level of dissolved gas in the liquid.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method comprising steps which consist in: providing a system (8) for transporting and dispensing the fluid associated with means (5) for producing the products (3) to use the fluid for producing the products; measuring a value of the characteristic; comparing the measured value to a predetermined threshold; carrying out an action if the measured value exceeds the threshold value; associating the measured value with a first information identifying at least a product (3); and storing the associated value and information.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing products using a fluid, which enables one to control the quality of the fluid from the point of production to the point of use, monitored on a microbiological, physical, and chemical basis. At least one sensor for the acquisition of purity information and a system for storing such purity information is included.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing nitrogen macrocycles having formula (I). The inventive method comprises a step involving the reaction of compounds (II) and (III) in order to form a compound having formula (IV). Said compound is subsequently made to react with a compound having formula (V) in order to form a compound having formula (VI).

Abstract: A method of processing a substance, such as a food item, utilizing high pressure processing includes providing an enclosed environment including the substance and one or more of the following gases: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, hydrogen, oxygen, helium, argon, krypton, xenon and neon. The enclosed environment including the substance and at least one gas is subjected to high pressure processing and sealed in a container. The high pressure processing may occur prior to or after sealing the substance in the container. Control of the amount and type of gases in the enclosed environment including the substance enhances the biocidal efficacy of high pressure processing as well as ensuring desirable sensory qualities of the substance during storage.

Abstract: Process for preparing hydrogen peroxide, comprising the following steps: a) a step of reduction of dioxygen in acidic medium with a hydrophobic organometallic complex, and b) a step of separation of the oxidized organometallic complex resulting from step a) and of the hydrogen peroxide by liquid/liquid extraction.