Abstract: A helmet includes an impact mitigating structure (100). The impact mitigating structure includes a first inner layer (102), a second outer layer (104) and a reactive layer (105) positioned between the first inner layer and the second outer layer. The reactive layer includes multiple elements (106) held between the first inner layer and second outer layer. The reactive layer is arranged such that, when the second layer is subject to an impact, the multiple elements of the reactive layer are configured to roll to facilitate movement of the first inner layer and the second outer layer with respect to each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a helmet comprising an impact mitigating structure, the impact mitigating structure comprising: a first layer; and a second layer; wherein one or more of a material property, a mechanical property and a geometrical property of the impact mitigating structure is arranged to, when the impact mitigating structure is subject to an impact, facilitate at least partial fracturing of the second layer such that at least a portion of the second layer is able to move relative to the first layer.

Abstract: A helmet (100) including an impact absorbing layer (102), an outer shell (104) and a connector (106, 114). The outer shell is mounted on the outer surface of the impact absorbing layer. The connector connects the outer shell to the impact absorbing layer, to retain the outer shell on the impact absorbing layer. The connector is also arranged to allow the outer shell to separate from the impact absorbing layer when the helmet is subject to an impact.