Abstract: An injection nozzle device including multi-polymer injection nozzles comprising an assembly of shells, and having fixed, tapered passageways communicating with annular orifices close to a nozzle gate and to each other, and polymer flow balancing and directing means in the passageways in the form of concentric and eccentric chokes.

Abstract: Injection molded and injection blow molded multi-layer substantially rigid plastic articles are provided, which, in preferred embodiments, include: articles having at least three layers wherein a portion of the marginal end portion of their internal layer is folded over within the marginal end portion of the side wall of the article, preferably in the flange if the article is a parison or container; the aforementioned articles wherein the folded over portion is toward the inside or the outside of the side wall; the aforementioned articles, parisons, and containers, open-ended, or closed with end closures double seamed thereto or flexible lids secured thereto by an adherent, or heat seal, or other suitable means; the aforementioned articles wherein the folded over portion and any not folded over portion of the marginal end portion of the internal layer, extends substantially uniformly into the marginal end portion of the side wall of the article, parison or container; at least five layer plastic articles

Abstract: Apparatus for unit cavity and multi-cavity, multi-layer injection molding and injection blow molding machines are provided, which in preferred embodiments, include:co-injection nozzle means including multi-polymer co-injection nozzles comprising an assembly of shells, and having fixed, tapered passageways communicating with annular orifices close to the nozzle gate and to each other, and polymer flow balancing and directing means in the passageways in the form of concentric and eccentric chokes;valve means for each co-injection nozzle, operative in the nozzle central channel to and adapted to be moved to different positions to block and unblock the nozzle orifices, and, in each nozzle to controls the initiation, flow and termination of flow of a plurality of polymer flow streams, comprised of an elongated sleeve having an axial central passageway and a port in its side wall and axially-reciprocable within the nozzle central channel, and, either a solid pin within and fixed relative to the sleeve, or, more pre

Abstract: An injection molding machine for simultaneously injection molding a plurality of articles each made of plural polymeric materials. The injection molding machine includes a source of a first polymeric material and a source of a second polymeric material. The injection molding machine also includes a plurality of co-injection nozzles, each of the nozzles has an associated injection cavity mold. Each of the nozzles also has a first flow channel for providing a stream of said first polymeric material to said mold and a second flow channel for providing a stream of said second polymeric material to said mold. The machine further includes a manifold for feeding the polymeric materials from their sources to each of the nozzles and each of the associated molds, such that each of the streams of the first polymeric materials flows from each nozzles into each associated mold simultaneously and each of the streams of the second polymeric materials flows from each nozzle into each associated mold simultaneously.

Abstract: An apparatus for injection molding a plurality of multilayer, multimaterial plastic containers. A plurality of co-injection nozzles are positioned to feed a plurality of cavities defined by a plurality of injection molds and a source of polymer materials is located upstream of the nozzles. The apparatus also includes a flow channel for each of a plurality of polymer streams to define a path between the polymer source and at least one of the co-injection nozzles such that each of the co-injection nozzles is in communication with one of the flow channels for each polymer stream and the polymer streams enter more than one of the co-injection nozzles. The channels are arranged to provide substantially the same flow experience to each polymer stream.

Abstract: A co-injection nozzle having a central injection channel with an open end and providing an injection path for injecting streams of melt materials to form a multi-layer article from the melt material streams. The nozzle comprises interfitting axially concentric members, including at least an interfitting shell and an outer nozzle cap, each having inner and outer surfaces. The nozzle cap has an inner surface with a frustoconical portion enclosing at least a portion of the outer surface of the interfitting shell. An enclosed portion of the outer surface of the shell has a frustoconical shape. The outer and inner frustoconical surface portions are adapted and cooperate to form an annular melt material flow passageway having a fixed tapered frustoconical portion of substantially invariable dimension which terminates at a fixed, annular orifice whose dimension is substantially invariable for flow of a melt material therethrough, for injection of the material from the nozzle.

Abstract: An injection molding machine for simultaneously injection molding a plurality of articles each made of plural polymeric materials. The injection molding machine includes a source of a first polymeric material and a source of a second polymeric material. The injection molding machine also includes a plurality of co-injection nozz;es, each of the nozzles has na associated injection cavity mold. Each of the nozzles also has a first flow channel for providing a stream of said first polymeric material to said mold and a second flow channel for providing a stream of said second polymeric material to said mold. The machine further includes a flow control device for feeding the polymeric materials from their sources to each of the nozzles and each of the associated molds, such that each of the streams of the first polymeric materials flows from each nozzle into each associated mold simultaneously and each of the streams of the second polymeric materials flows from each nozzle into each associated mold simultaneously.

Abstract: Methods for injection molding and injection blow-molding multi-layer plastic articles, including containers and parisons for forming containers, which comprise providing a plurality of co-injection nozzle means for injecting plastic materials into associated injection cavities to form each article, providing streams of polymeric materials to form corresponding layers of the articles, moving each stream separately to plural nozzle means, separately receiving the streams in the plural nozzle means, and injecting the streams to form the multi-layer plastic articles. Preferably, each stream of material which is to form a corresponding layer of the articles is provided with substantially the same polymer flow, preferably from where each stream is split and moved to each nozzle means. Valve means can be employed in each nozzle means for positively controlling preferably substantially simultaneously the flow and nonflow of respective materials into the central channel of the nozzle means.

Abstract: Multi-co-injection nozzle injection molding and injection blow-molding apparatus for injection molding and injection blow-molding a multi-layer plastics article, parison or container, including a plurality of co-injection nozzles, means associated with the nozzles to channel each material stream which is to form a layer of the article separately to each nozzle, and means for moving the materials streams along their respective channels to their respective nozzles for injection into associated injection mold cavities. The channels preferably provide substantially the same material flow for streams of the same material channeled to the nozzles. Preferably, the nozzles have an axial central channel and a plurality of flow stream passageways with orifices in communication with the central channel, and valve means cooperatively associated with and operative within each co-injection nozzle for there preventing and allowing the flow of respective materials streams from the orifices into the central channel.

Abstract: Multi-co-injection nozzle injection molding apparatus for an injection molding machine for injection molding a multi-layer plastics article or container, comprising a plurality of co-injection nozzles, means associated with the nozzles to channel each material stream which is to form a layer of the article separately to each nozzle, means for moving the materials streams along their respective channels to their respective nozzles and means for combining in each nozzle the streams moved thereto, to form combined streams in the nozzles for injection into associated injection mold cavities. Each of the channels preferably provide substantially the same material flow stream travel path for each material stream of the same material channeled to each nozzle. Each co-injection nozzle has an axial central channel and a plurality of flow stream passageways with orifices in communication with the central channel.

Abstract: Apparatus for selectively controlling the flow of at least three melt material streams through the nozzle of a machine for injection molding multi-layer plastics articles. The nozzle has, for each stream, a flow passageway terminating at an exit orifice. Sleeve means having an internal axial material flow passageway, communicate with the central channel and with one of the flow passageways and are movable axially and/or rotationally to block and unblock at least two orifices. Each flow passageway can include material flow directing means for balancing stream flow around the passageway and its exit orifice, and a tapered portion adjacent its orifice. Preferably, the orifices are fixed. Means can pressurize melt material in a flow passageway between the flow directing means and the associate orifice so that the start of flow of the material through the orifice is substantially uniform thereabout.

Abstract: A method of simultaneously effecting the initiation, flow and termination of flow of corresponding melt streams of polymer materials from a plurality co-injection nozzles of a multi-co-injection nozzle injection molding machine to form a plurality of multi-layer injection molded plastic articles. A melt stream of polymeric material for each layer is provided and feed along an equal flow path to each nozzle using a common pressure source for each stream of a given polymeric material which is to form a layer in more than one article. A valve means effects the initiation, flow and termination of the flow of material simultaneously and identically in each nozzle.

Abstract: Valve means for use in a co-injection nozzle of a multi-polymer injection molding or blow-molding machine wherein the nozzle has an axial or cylindrical central channel, comprised of an elongated sleeve having an axial central passageway and a port in its side wall and axially-reciprocable within the nozzle central channel, and, either a solid pin within and fixed relative to the sleeve, or, more preferably, an elongated pin axially-reciprocable within the sleeve central passageway, the sleeves and pins each mounted in close tolerance slip fits to prevent any significant accumulation or passage of polymer melt material.

Abstract: A multi-coinjection nozzle injection molding machine and nozzle for co-injecting at least three streams of melt materials to form a multi-layer article. The nozzle includes at least two interfitting shells and a nozzle cap. At least one of the shells has a feed flow channel for flow of melt material which leads to an associated annular flow passageway. The shells have a symmetrical furstoconical shape and and form a fixed tapered, symmetrical, frustoconical portion of an annular passageway which terminates at a fixed, annular orifice for the flow of melt material therethrough.

Abstract: A method of forming multi-layer plastic articles by using a multi-cavity injection molding machine. A combined material stream is injected from a plurality of co-injection nozzles into associated injection cavities. Streams of polymeric materials which form the layers of the articles are directed separately into each of the nozzles and in each of the nozzles a combines stream is formed which is injected into the cavities. The individual flow of each of the material streams in the nozzle can be controlled in the nozzle.

Abstract: Methods of injecting into a cavity an at least three-layer flow stream having a fast flow stream line, are provided which include establishing the flow of material of first and second layers of the flow stream to form an interface therebetween at a first location not coincident with the fast flow stream line, interposing the flow of material of a third layer in the interface, and moving the third layer to a second location relatively more proximate to, substantially coincident with, or across from and not substantially coincident with the fast flow stream line. This moving achieves foldover of the third layer and can be effected by selectively changing the flow of material(s) on one side of the third layer relative to the flow of material(s) on the other side thereof, at or shortly after the interposition of the third layer. Preferably, the interface is annular and the interposition is at substantially all places around the interface.

Abstract: Injection molded and injection blow molded multi-layer substantially rigid plastic articles are provided, which, in preferred embodiments, include:at least five layer plastic articles having side and bottom walls comprised of an outside surface layer, an inside surface layer, an internal layer, and first and second intermediate layers, one on either side of the internal layer, and having the terminal end of the internal layer encapsulated by intermediate layer material, whether it be solely or primarily by first or by both first and second intermediate layer material.

Abstract: Apparatus for unit cavity and multi-cavity, multi-layer injection molding and injection blow-molding machines are provided, which in preferred embodiments, include one or more co-injection nozzle means each having a central channel, at least two passageways having associated orifices which communicate with the central channel and valve means operative in the central channel and movable to block and unblock the orifices. The valve means preferably comprise an elongated sleeve having an axial central passageway and a port in its side wall and an elongated pin axially-reciprocable within the sleeve central passageway. The sleeve and pin are mounted in close tolerance slip fit relationship to prevent significant accumulation of polymer melt material therebetween.

Abstract: A multi-layer laminate structure comprises a separate layer of scrap produced from the several thermoplastic resins used in making the laminate structure. In a preferred construction, the multi-layer laminate structure comprises an outer thermoplastic polyolefin layer, an inner thermoplastic polyolefin layer and an intermediate oxygen barrier layer preferably made of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer. An adhesive layer bonds the barrier layer to the inner polyolefin layer and a separate scrap layer is disposed interiorly of the outer polyolefin layer. A second adhesive layer bonds the scrap layer to the intermediate barrier layer. Containers having excellent oxygen barrier properties and good transparency are made by forming a parison from the multi-layer laminate structure and blow molding the parison to the desired container shape.

Abstract: Injection molded and injection blow molded multi-layer plastic articles, parisons and containers are provided, which, in preferred embodiments are substantially rigid and have at least three layers wherein a portion of the marginal end portion of their internal layer is folded over within the marginal end portion of the side wall of the article, preferably in the flange if the article is a parison or container. The articles folded over portion can be toward the inside or the outside of the side wall. The articles, parison, and containers can be open-ended, or closed, for example, with end closures double seamed thereto or flexible lids secured thereto by an adherent, or heat seal, or other suitable means. The folded over portion and any not folded over portion of the internal layer preferably extends substantially uniformly into the marginal end portion of the side wall.