Patents by Inventor Henry S. White
Henry S. White has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 9429561Abstract: Methods, systems, and compounds for detecting modified nucleic acid bases are disclosed and described. The methods provide for detecting a nucleic acid lesion and can include directing a nucleic acid adduct into a channel, wherein the nucleic acid adduct includes a nucleic acid having a lesion and a current modulating compound coupled to the nucleic acid at the lesion (110), and measuring a change in current through the channel in response to the current modulating compound to detect the lesion (112). The method can optionally include forming the nucleic acid adduct. Also provided is a method for identifying the number of repeat nucleotides in at least a portion of a nucleic acid strand, a method of assigning a registration marker within a nucleic acid, and a method of obtaining sequence information from a nucleic acid comprising assigning a registration marker on the nucleic acid.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 2015Date of Patent: August 30, 2016Assignee: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH RESEARCH FOUNDATIONInventors: Cynthia J. Burrows, Henry S. White, Ryuji Kawano, Aaron M. Fleming, Na An
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Publication number: 20150185200Abstract: Methods, systems, and compounds for detecting modified nucleic acid bases are disclosed and described. The methods provide for detecting a nucleic acid lesion and can include directing a nucleic acid adduct into a channel, wherein the nucleic acid adduct includes a nucleic acid having a lesion and a current modulating compound coupled to the nucleic acid at the lesion (110), and measuring a change in current through the channel in response to the current modulating compound to detect the lesion (112). The method can optionally include forming the nucleic acid adduct. Also provided is a method for identifying the number of repeat nucleotides in at least a portion of a nucleic acid strand, a method of assigning a registration marker within a nucleic acid, and a method of obtaining sequence information from a nucleic acid comprising assigning a registration marker on the nucleic acid.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 13, 2015Publication date: July 2, 2015Inventors: Cynthia J. Burrows, Henry S. White, Ryuji Kawano, Aaron M. Fleming, Na An
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Patent number: 9005425Abstract: Methods, systems, and compounds for detecting modified nucleic acid bases are disclosed and described. The methods provide for detecting a nucleic acid lesion and can include directing a nucleic acid adduct into a channel, wherein the nucleic acid adduct includes a nucleic acid having a lesion and a current modulating compound coupled to the nucleic acid at the lesion (110), and measuring a change in current through the channel in response to the current modulating compound to detect the lesion (112). The method can optionally include forming the nucleic acid adduct. Also provided is a method for identifying the number of repeat nucleotides in at least a portion of a nucleic acid strand, a method of assigning a registration marker within a nucleic acid, and a method of obtaining sequence information from a nucleic acid comprising assigning a registration marker on the nucleic acid.Type: GrantFiled: September 7, 2011Date of Patent: April 14, 2015Assignee: University of Utah Research FoundationInventors: Cynthia J. Burrows, Henry S. White, Ryuji Kawano, Aaron M. Fleming, Na An
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Patent number: 8581605Abstract: A nanopore device includes a membrane having a nanopore extending there through forming a channel from a first side of the membrane to a second side of the membrane. The surface of the channel and first side of the membrane are modified with a hydrophobic coating. A first lipid monolayer is deposited on the first side of the membrane, and a second lipid monolayer is deposited on the second side of the membrane, wherein the hydrophobic coating causes spontaneous generation of a lipid bilayer across the nanopore orifice. Sensing entities, such as a protein ion channel, can be inserted and removed from the bilayer by adjusting transmembrane pressure, and adapter molecules can be electrostatically trapped in the ion channel by applying high transmembrane voltages, while resistance or current flow through the sensing entity can be measured electrically.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 2010Date of Patent: November 12, 2013Assignee: University of Utah Research FoundationInventors: Henry S White, Ryan J White, Eric N Ervin
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Patent number: 8470247Abstract: A method of preventing non-specific adsorption of proteins onto a surface can include providing a substrate that has a surface on which surface groups are attached. A solution can be applied to the surface that includes a protective reagent having a terminal functional group exhibiting a dipole moment. A monolayer comprising the protective reagent is assembled on the surface by reacting the protective reagent with the surface groups, thereby creating a protected surface. The protective reagent alone is sufficient to confer to the protected surface an increased resistance to adsorption of proteins.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 2008Date of Patent: June 25, 2013Assignee: University of Utah Research FoundationInventors: Joel M. Harris, Henry S. White, Joshua R. Wayment, Ryan J. White
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Patent number: 8293083Abstract: Provided are fabrication, characterization and application of a nanodisk electrode, a nanopore electrode and a nanopore membrane. These three nanostructures share common fabrication steps. In one embodiment, the fabrication of a disk electrode involves sealing a sharpened internal signal transduction element (“ISTE”) into a substrate, followed by polishing of the substrate until a nanometer-sized disk of the ISTE is exposed. The fabrication of a nanopore electrode is accomplished by etching the nanodisk electrode to create a pore in the substrate, with the remaining ISTE comprising the pore base. Complete removal of the ISTE yields a nanopore membrane, in which a conical shaped pore is embedded in a thin membrane of the substrate.Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 2010Date of Patent: October 23, 2012Assignee: University of Utah Research FoundationInventors: Henry S White, Bo Zhang, Ryan J White, Eric N Ervin, Gangli Wang
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Publication number: 20120091005Abstract: Methods, systems, and compounds for detecting modified nucleic acid bases are disclosed and described. The methods provide for detecting a nucleic acid lesion and can include directing a nucleic acid adduct into a channel, wherein the nucleic acid adduct includes a nucleic acid having a lesion and a current modulating compound coupled to the nucleic acid at the lesion (110), and measuring a change in current through the channel in response to the current modulating compound to detect the lesion (112). The method can optionally include forming the nucleic acid adduct. Also provided is a method for identifying the number of repeat nucleotides in at least a portion of a nucleic acid strand, a method of assigning a registration marker within a nucleic acid, and a method of obtaining sequence information from a nucleic acid comprising assigning a registration marker on the nucleic acid.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 7, 2011Publication date: April 19, 2012Inventors: Cynthia J. Burrows, Henry S. White, Ryuji Kawano, Aaron M. Fleming, Na An
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Patent number: 8123922Abstract: Nanopore based ion-selective electrodes and methods of their manufacture as well as methods for their use are disclosed and described. The nanopore based ion-selective electrode can include a pore being present in a solid material and having a nanosize opening in the solid material, a metal conductor disposed inside the pore opposite the opening in the solid material, a reference electrode material contacting said metal conductor and disposed inside the pore, a conductive composition in contact with the reference electrode and disposed in the pore, and an ion-selective membrane. The ion-selective membrane can be configured to isolate the metal conductor, reference electrode material, and conductive composition together within the pore.Type: GrantFiled: September 7, 2007Date of Patent: February 28, 2012Assignee: University of Utah Research FoundationInventors: Henry S. White, Ryan J. White, Richard B. Brown, Hakhyun Nam, Jun Ho Shim
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Publication number: 20110168551Abstract: Provided are fabrication, characterization and application of a nanodisk electrode, a nanopore electrode and a nanopore membrane. These three nanostructures share common fabrication steps. In one embodiment, the fabrication of a disk electrode involves sealing a sharpened internal signal transduction element (“ISTE”) into a substrate, followed by polishing of the substrate until a nanometer-sized disk of the ISTE is exposed. The fabrication of a nanopore electrode is accomplished by etching the nanodisk electrode to create a pore in the substrate, with the remaining ISTE comprising the pore base. Complete removal of the ISTE yields a nanopore membrane, in which a conical shaped pore is embedded in a thin membrane of the substrate.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 18, 2010Publication date: July 14, 2011Applicant: THE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH RESEARCH FOUNDATIONInventors: Henry S. White, Bo Zhang, Ryan J. White, Eric N. Ervin, Gangli Wang
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Publication number: 20110171518Abstract: A three-dimensional electrode structure for use in a battery comprising a porous three-dimensional substrate formed from a first electrically conductive material, an ion-conducting dielectric material disposed on the porous three dimensional substrate, and a second electrically conductive material disposed on the ion-conducting dielectric material, wherein the ion-conducting dielectric material separates the first electrically conductive material from the second electrically conductive material.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 21, 2011Publication date: July 14, 2011Inventors: Bruce Dunn, Jeffrey W. Long, Debra R. Rolison, Henry S. White, Fred Wudl, Sarah H. Tolbert, Chang-Jin Kim
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Publication number: 20100320094Abstract: A nanopore device includes a membrane having a nanopore extending there through forming a channel from a first side of the membrane to a second side of the membrane. The surface of the channel and first side of the membrane are modified with a hydrophobic coating. A first lipid monolayer is deposited on the first side of the membrane, and a second lipid monolayer is deposited on the second side of the membrane, wherein the hydrophobic coating causes spontaneous generation of a lipid bilayer across the nanopore orifice. Sensing entities, such as a protein ion channel, can be inserted and removed from the bilayer by adjusting transmembrane pressure, and adapter molecules can be electrostatically trapped in the ion channel by applying high transmembrane voltages, while resistance or current flow through the sensing entity can be measured electrically.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 30, 2010Publication date: December 23, 2010Applicant: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH RESEARCH FOUNDATIONInventors: Henry S. White, Ryan J. White, Eric N. Ervin
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Patent number: 7849581Abstract: Provided are fabrication, characterization and application of a nanodisk electrode, a nanopore electrode and a nanopore membrane. These three nanostructures share common fabrication steps. In one embodiment, the fabrication of a disk electrode involves sealing a sharpened internal signal transduction element (“ISTE”) into a substrate, followed by polishing of the substrate until a nanometer-sized disk of the ISTE is exposed. The fabrication of a nanopore electrode is accomplished by etching the nanodisk electrode to create a pore in the substrate, with the remaining ISTE comprising the pore base. Complete removal of the ISTE yields a nanopore membrane, in which a conical shaped pore is embedded in a thin membrane of the substrate.Type: GrantFiled: May 3, 2007Date of Patent: December 14, 2010Assignee: University of Utah Research FoundationInventors: Henry S. White, Bo Zhang, Ryan J. White, Eric N. Ervin, Gangli Wang
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Patent number: 7777505Abstract: A nanopore device includes a membrane having a nanopore extending there through forming a channel from a first side of the membrane to a second side of the membrane. The surface of the channel and first side of the membrane are modified with a hydrophobic coating. A first lipid monolayer is deposited on the first side of the membrane, and a second lipid monolayer is deposited on the second side of the membrane, wherein the hydrophobic coating causes spontaneous generation of a lipid bilayer across the nanopore orifice. Sensing entities, such as a protein ion channel, can be inserted and removed from the bilayer by adjusting transmembrane pressure, and adapter molecules can be electrostatically trapped in the ion channel by applying high transmembrane voltages, while resistance or current flow through the sensing entity can be measured electrically.Type: GrantFiled: May 2, 2007Date of Patent: August 17, 2010Assignee: University of Utah Research FoundationInventors: Henry S. White, Ryan J. White, Eric N. Ervin
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Publication number: 20100038243Abstract: Nanopore based ion-selective electrodes and methods of their manufacture as well as methods for their use are disclosed and described. The nanopore based ion-selective electrode can include a pore being present in a solid material and having a nanosize opening in the solid material, a metal conductor disposed inside the pore opposite the opening in the solid material, a reference electrode material contacting said metal conductor and disposed inside the pore, a conductive composition in contact with the reference electrode and disposed in the pore, and an ion-selective membrane. The ion-selective membrane can be configured to isolate the metal conductor, reference electrode material, and conductive composition together within the pore.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 7, 2007Publication date: February 18, 2010Inventors: Henry S. White, Ryan J. White, Richard B. Brown, Hakhyun Nam, Jun Ho Shim
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Publication number: 20100025263Abstract: Provided are the preparation, characterization, and application of a nanopore membrane device. The nanopore device comprises a thin membrane prepared from glass, fused silica, ceramics or quartz, containing one or more nanopores ranging from about 2 nm to about 500 nm. The nanopore is prepared by a template method using sharpened metal wires and the size of the pore opening can be controlled during fabrication by an electrical feedback circuit. The nanopore device is particularly useful for counting and analyzing nanoparticles of radius less than 400 nm.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 2, 2007Publication date: February 4, 2010Applicant: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH RESEARCH FOUNDATIONInventors: Henry S. White, Bo Zhang, Ryan J. White, Eric N. Ervin
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Publication number: 20090175765Abstract: A method of preventing non-specific adsorption of proteins onto a surface can include providing a substrate that has a surface on which surface groups are attached. A solution can be applied to the surface that includes a protective reagent having a terminal functional group exhibiting a dipole moment. A monolayer comprising the protective reagent is assembled on the surface by reacting the protective reagent with the surface groups, thereby creating a protected surface. The protective reagent alone is sufficient to confer to the protected surface an increased resistance to adsorption of proteins.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 20, 2008Publication date: July 9, 2009Inventors: Joel M. Harris, Henry S. White, Joshua R. Wayment, Ryan J. White
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Publication number: 20080218184Abstract: Chemical modification of a glass and fused silica nanopore surfaces results in surface properties that are ideal for localized bilayer formation over a nanopore and subsequent ion channel recording. With no surface modification, one may form a bilayer supported on the glass capillary extending across the nanopore orifice. Changing the surface properties from that of bare glass to a moderately hydrophobic surface produces a lipid monolayer above the glass and spontaneously yields a bilayer across the nanopore orifice, effectively corralling a single protein ion channel in the lipid bilayer region spanning nanopore orifice. The bilayer structure over the modified nanopore is such that current can only flow through the protein ion channel. The protein ion channel is able to diffuse in the bilayer above the pore opening, but cannot leave this area to enter the lipid monolayer.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 2, 2007Publication date: September 11, 2008Applicant: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH RESEARCH FOUNDATIONInventors: Henry S. White, Ryan J. White, Eric N. Ervin
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Publication number: 20080121534Abstract: Provided are fabrication, characterization and application of a nanodisk electrode, a nanopore electrode and a nanopore membrane. These three nanostructures share common fabrication steps. In one embodiment, the fabrication of a disk electrode involves sealing a sharpened internal signal transduction element (“ISTE”) into a substrate, followed by polishing of the substrate until a nanometer-sized disk of the ISTE is exposed. The fabrication of a nanopore electrode is accomplished by etching the nanodisk electrode to create a pore in the substrate, with the remaining ISTE comprising the pore base. Complete removal of the ISTE yields a nanopore membrane, in which a conical shaped pore is embedded in a thin membrane of the substrate.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 3, 2007Publication date: May 29, 2008Applicant: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH RESEARCH FOUNDATIONInventors: Henry S. White, Bo Zhang, Ryan J. White, Eric N. Ervin, Gangli Wang
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Patent number: 5423956Abstract: A process is provided to prepare flexible composite polymer fibers by electrochemically forming a coating of a conductive organic polymer on the outer surface of a polymeric fiber.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 1993Date of Patent: June 13, 1995Assignee: Regents of the University of MinnesotaInventors: Henry S. White, Christopher W. Macosko, Shulong Li
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Patent number: 5034192Abstract: Several types of new microelectronic devices including diodes, transistors, sensors, surface energy storage elements, and light-emitting devices are disclosed. The properties of these devices can be controlled by molecular-level changes in electroactive polymer components. These polymer components are formed from electrochemically polymerizable material whose physical properties change in response to chemical changes, and can be used to bring about an electrical connection between two or more closely spaced microelectrodes. Examples of such materials include polypyrrole, polyaniline, and polythiophene, which respond to changes in redox potential. Each electrode can be individually addressed and characterized electrochemically by controlling the amount and chemical composition of the functionalizing polymer. Sensitivity of the devices may be increased by decreasing separations between electrodes as well as altering the chemical environment of the electrode-confined polymer.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1989Date of Patent: July 23, 1991Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Mark S. Wrighton, Henry S. White, Jr., Gregg P. Kittlesen