Abstract: Methods, systems, and articles of manufacture consistent with the present invention improve drawing operations for drawing an object that has object information onto a background image, which has background image information, already displayed on a display device. A sub-region of the object including at least one pixel intersected by a boundary of the object is determined, where the sub-region corresponds to a portion of the background image information. It is determined whether the portion of the background image information corresponding to the sub-region is stored locally with respect to a program or remotely with respect to the program. When it is determined that the portion of the background image information is stored locally, the portion of the background image information is retrieved locally to facilitate generating a redrawn sub-region of the object.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and articles of manufacture consistent with the present invention improve drawing operations for drawing an object that has object information onto a background image, which has background image information, already displayed on a display device. A sub-region of the object including at least one pixel intersected by a boundry of the object is determined, where the sub-region corresponds to a portion of the background image information. It is determined whether the portion of the background image information corresponding to the sub-region is stored locally with respect to a program or remotely with respect to the program. When it is determined that the portion of the background image information is stored locally, the portion of the background image information is retrieved locally to facilitate generating a redrawn sub-region of the object.

Abstract: A de-aerating agitating mill, especially for paints, pigments and the like in which the mixing chamber is closed off from a discharge chamber which may be subjected to reduced pressure. The closure is effected by a separator device consisting of a central disk which is attached to the stirrer or agitator shaft and rotates in a hole within a stationary part of the casing. A narrow, annular gap between the periphery of the disk and the rim of the hole acts as an outlet channel through which the ground or mixed stock is extruded. The shear stresses exerted on the stock rupture the material and burst any air bubbles which are then removed by the vacuum.