Abstract: An electrochemical sensor is provided especially for gases. The electrochemical sensor has a mediator compound, which is both dissolved in an electrolyte (9) in a saturated form and is present as an excess solid (10) in the electrolyte (9).

Abstract: A mediator-based electrochemical gas sensor reacts selectively with hydrogen sulfide. The gas sensor has an electrolyte solution (9), which contains a mediator compound in the form of metallates of transition metals.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas generator is provided with an electrolysis cell (1) with a housing, which is closed by a gas-permeable membrane (2) for the escape of the test or calibrating gas. A cathode (5) is provided formed of a noble metal, a mixture of noble metals or a material containing carbon. The cathode is in direct contact with an electrolyte (7) disposed in the housing. An anode (4) is provided formed of a noble metal, a mixture of noble metals or a material containing carbon. The anode is in direct contact with an electrolyte (7). The electrolyte (7) contains a carboxylic acid salt. A control unit (6) is provided that acts as a current source and which is connected to the electrodes (4, 5).

Abstract: An electrochemical gas generator is provided including an electrolysis cell (1) with a gas-impermeable housing, which is closed by a gas-permeable membrane (2) for the discharge of the test gas or calibrating gas CO. A chemically inert cathode (5) formed of a noble metal, a mixture of noble metals or a material containing carbon, is in direct contact with an electrolyte (7). An anode (4) formed of a noble metal, a mixture of noble metals or a material containing carbon, is in direct contact with a mesoxalic acid salt, the mesoxalic acid salt being in direct contact with the electrolyte (7). A control unit (6) is provided that also acts as a power source and is connected to the electrodes (4, 5).

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor, especially for gases, is provided having a mediator compound based on transition metal salts of polybasic acids and/or transition metal salts of polyhydroxycarboxylic acids. The electrochemical sensor also contains a DLC, BDD or a precious metal thin-layer measuring electrode (3). The electrochemical sensor may be used for determining SO2 and H2S.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor is provided with a carbon-based measuring electrode (3) that it can be used for a large number of electrochemical detection reactions and can be manufactured at a low cost. The measuring electrode (3) contains carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: A mediator-based electrochemical gas sensor reacts selectively with hydrogen sulfide. The gas sensor has an electrolyte solution (9), which contains a mediator compound in the form of metallates of transition metals.

Abstract: A gas-measuring system contains at least one gas sensor (1) and at least one gas generator (4). The gas sensor (1) has at least one measuring surface (3), at which a target gas concentration can be measured. The gas generator (4) has at least one discharge surface (5), from which a current-proportional quantity of test gas can be discharged. The measuring surface (3) and the discharge surface (5) are designed and the gas sensor (1) and the gas generator (4) can be arranged such that the measuring surface (3) and the discharge surface (5) are in direct contact with the ambient atmosphere and the distance between the two surfaces is shorter than the extension of the smaller of the two surfaces.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor with at least one measuring electrode (3), at least one auxiliary electrode (7) and at least one reference electrode (5), wherein a protective electrode (6), which ensures at the reference electrode (5) the at least partial shielding of the reference electrode (5) against substances that would lead to a change in the reference potential when reaching the reference electrode (5), is arranged in the vicinity of the reference electrode (5). A highly stable reference potential can be obtained with the present invention.

Abstract: A rapid measuring system for the determination of the concentration of propofol in the respiratory flow, which can be designed in a compact form, has the features of a breathing gas line (1) including a breathing gas sensor (2) detecting the respiration, wherein the breathing gas sensor (2) is connected to an evaluating unit (3), a propofol sensor (5) with a downstream pump (6) is in gas flow connection with the breathing gas line (1), wherein the evaluating unit (3) is connected with the propofol sensor (5) and the pump (6), so that the evaluating unit (3) actuates the pump (6) for breathing gas sampling depending on the signal of the breathing gas sensor (2), and the propofol sensor (5) sends a measured signal for the concentration of propofol in the breathing gas to the evaluating unit (3).

Abstract: An electrochemical gas generator is provided with an electrolysis cell (1) with a housing, which is closed by a gas-permeable membrane (2) for the escape of the test or calibrating gas. A cathode (5) is provided formed of a noble metal, a mixture of noble metals or a material containing carbon. The cathode is in direct contact with an electrolyte (7) disposed in the housing. An anode (4) is provided formed of a noble metal, a mixture of noble metals or a material containing carbon. The anode is in direct contact with an electrolyte (7). The electrolyte (7) contains a carboxylic acid salt. A control unit (6) is provided that acts as a current source and which is connected to the electrodes (4, 5).

Abstract: An electrochemical gas generator is provided including an electrolysis cell (1) with a gas-impermeable housing, which is closed by a gas-permeable membrane (2) for the discharge of the test gas or calibrating gas CO. A chemically inert cathode (5) formed of a noble metal, a mixture of noble metals or a material containing carbon, is in direct contact with an electrolyte (7). An anode (4) formed of a noble metal, a mixture of noble metals or a material containing carbon, is in direct contact with a mesoxalic acid salt, the mesoxalic acid salt being in direct contact with the electrolyte (7). A control unit (6) is provided that also acts as a power source and is connected to the electrodes (4, 5).

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor is provided especially for gases. The electrochemical sensor has a mediator compound, which is both dissolved in an electrolyte (9) in a saturated form and is present as an excess solid (10) in the electrolyte (9).

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor is provided with a carbon-based measuring electrode (3) that it can be used for a large number of electrochemical detection reactions and can be manufactured at a low cost. The measuring electrode (3) contains carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor, especially for gases, is provided having a mediator compound based on transition metal salts of polybasic acids and/or transition metal salts of polyhydroxycarboxylic acids. The electrochemical sensor also contains a DLC, BDD or a precious metal thin-layer measuring electrode (3). The electrochemical sensor may be used for determining SO2 and H2S.

Abstract: A process and a device are provided for monitoring the hydrogen concentration in a gas with at least one device, which comprises an electrochemical gas sensor and a bipotentiostat, e.g., for use in internal combustion engines with hydrogen, in fuel cells and in the petrochemical industry. The electrochemical gas sensor used has two working electrodes (3) and (4), with which the hydrogen and oxygen concentrations are determined in the gas in different steps due to the application of a voltage by a bipotentiostat (5-18). In an additional, optional step, a voltage in the range of ?1,100 mV to ?800 mV is applied to a working electrode (4), so that hydrogen is formed at the working electrode (4) and the functional surface of the working electrode (4) as well as the sensitivity of the working electrode (3) to hydrogen can be checked.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor with at least one measuring electrode (3), at least one auxiliary electrode (7) and at least one reference electrode (5), wherein a protective electrode (6), which ensures at the reference electrode (5) the at least partial shielding of the reference electrode (5) against substances that would lead to a change in the reference potential when reaching the reference electrode (5), is arranged in the vicinity of the reference electrode (5). A highly stable reference potential can be obtained with the present invention.

Abstract: A gas-measuring system contains at least one gas sensor (1) and at least one gas generator (4). The gas sensor (1) has at least one measuring surface (3), at which a target gas concentration can be measured. The gas generator (4) has at least one discharge surface (5), from which a current-proportional quantity of test gas can be discharged. The measuring surface (3) and the discharge surface (5) are designed and the gas sensor (1) and the gas generator (4) can be arranged such that the measuring surface (3) and the discharge surface (5) are in direct contact with the ambient atmosphere and the distance between the two surfaces is shorter than the extension of the smaller of the two surfaces.

Abstract: A rapid measuring system for the determination of the concentration of propofol in the respiratory flow, which can be designed in a compact form, has the features of a breathing gas line (1) including a breathing gas sensor (2) detecting the respiration, wherein the breathing gas sensor (2) is connected to an evaluating unit (3), a propofol sensor (5) with a downstream pump (6) is in gas flow connection with the breathing gas line (1), wherein the evaluating unit (3) is connected with the propofol sensor (5) and the pump (6), so that the evaluating unit (3) actuates the pump (6) for breathing gas sampling depending on the signal of the breathing gas sensor (2), and the propofol sensor (5) sends a measured signal for the concentration of propofol in the breathing gas to the evaluating unit (3).

Abstract: An adapter (1) and electrochemical gas sensor (2) is provided with an electrochemical gas sensor housing (14) accommodating an electrolyte (13), with at least one measuring electrode (12) arranged therein and with a membrane (11), which screens the measuring electrode (12) from a measured gas and is permeable to the measured gas. The measuring sensitivity of an electrochemical gas sensor is increased by the adapter (1) having a gas-impermeable surface (15) extending in parallel to and at a spaced location from the membrane (11). The adapter (1) and the membrane (11) form a flow gap (10) for the measured gas delivered by a pump. The adapter (1) may be plugged onto the electrochemical sensor (2) at its outer edge (1a). The measured gas enters through a central opening (17), expands in the flow gap (10) radially to the outside and leaves same via the ring-shaped gap (16).