Abstract: A novel voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) based on complementary current-injection field-effect transistor (CiFET) devices is disclosed. The VCO includes an odd number stages of rings, each of rings comprises a CiFET.

Abstract: A novel phase locked loop design utilizing novel phase-frequency detector, charge pump, loop filter and voltage controlled oscillator is disclosed. The phase-frequency detector includes a dual reset D-flip flop for use in multi-GHz phase locked loops. Traditional dead zone issues associated with phase frequency detector are improved/addressed by use with a charge transfer-based PLL charge pump.

Abstract: Apparatus for containing oil and/or gas leakage from a drilling operation (off-shore or on-shore) comprised of an expandable membrane surrounding a central spline, an apparatus adapted to the removal of the captured oil or gas, and a blowout-handling “fuse” capability. The bottom section of the off-shore version includes operator-controlled extension members to expand the membrane to fully surround the drill site. Any further leakage from the well site will further expand the membrane from the spline sections as it moves upward. When the leaked material reaches the top an extraction apparatus included allows it to be extracted safely.

Abstract: A novel phase locked loop design utilizing novel phase-frequency detector, charge pump, loop filter and voltage controlled oscillator is disclosed. The phase-frequency detector includes a dual reset D-flip flop for use in multi-GHz phase locked loops. Traditional dead zone issues associated with phase frequency detector are improved/addressed by use with a charge transfer-based PLL charge pump.

Abstract: The placement of solder "balls" in a Ball Grid Array is accomplished by placing a solder strip in contact with the top surface of the ball grid array carrier. The pulsing of a laser directed at the solder in discrete positions permits the transfer of the solder to the gold dot, of the array of dots, on the carrier in registry with the laser output when activated. Selective solder placement is possible and increasingly higher throughput is achieved by the use of laser diode bars or optical fiber fans to effect solder transfer to a plurality of dots of the array simultaneously. The entire process can be automated by making the solder strip continuous through a recycling station arranged along a path along which the solder strip moves to the position where the carrier and the solder strip are moved into juxtaposition. The use of a transparent strip with a pattern of holes filled with solder paste permits easy transfer of the solder to the gold dots or islands on the carrier in registry with laser beam.

Abstract: Artificial heart type devices are made into practical heart assist devices by making the blood chambers of the device disposable or by adapting the blood chambers to accept disposable inserts. The inserts have extensions which protrude through the inlet and outlet ports of the chambers to connect to the blood system of a living body.

Abstract: A conductorless transfer is provided for a large-gap tolerant Permalloy pattern for moving magnetic bubbles. The transfer capitalizes on the symmetry of the elements for enabling a field reversal to achieve transfer.