Patents by Inventor Herbert Plach
Herbert Plach has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 5891360Abstract: Novel phenylcyclohexanes of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is 0 to 7, Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 are H, or one of these radicals is alternatively CH.sub.3, r is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, A is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene or a single bond, X is F, Cl, --CF.sub.3, --CN, --OCF.sub.3 or --OCHF.sub.2, and Y and Z are each, independently of one another, H or F, with the proviso that, in the case where A is a single bond, Q.sup.1 =Q.sup.2 =H and simultaneously X=CN, Y and/or Z are F.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 1993Date of Patent: April 6, 1999Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft MIT BeschrankterInventors: Andreas Wachtler, Reinhard Hittich, Eike Poetsch, Herbert Plach, David Coates, Bernhard Rieger, Joachim Krause
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Patent number: 5876626Abstract: Supertwist liquid crystal displays having very short switching times are obtained if the nematic liquid crystal mixture contains at least one component chosen from group A consisting of compounds of the formulae AI to AVI: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 in each case independently of one another are each R and R is alkyl having 1-12 C atoms, wherein one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups can also be replaced by --O--, --CH.dbd.CH--, --CO--, --O--CO-- or --CO--O--, and up to four other components.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1994Date of Patent: March 2, 1999Assignee: Merck patent Gesellschaft mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Georg Weber, Herbert Plach, Takamasa Oyama, Hiroki Yoshitake, Bernhard Scheuble, Reinhard Hittich, Hans Adolf Kurmeier, Eike Poetsch, Klaus Peter Stahl
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Patent number: 5868962Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it contains one or more compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## in which Hal is fluorine or chlorine and R is alkyl, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyl, in each case having up to 7 carbon atoms.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1995Date of Patent: February 9, 1999Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Bernhard Rieger, Reinhard Hittich, Eike Poetsch, David Coates, Herbert Plach
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Patent number: 5837162Abstract: Liquid-crystalline compounds of the formula I ##STR1## R is H, an alkyl or alkylene radical, Z.sup.1 and Z are each, independently of one another, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.dbd.CH--,--C.tbd.C-- or a single bond, and one of the radicals Z.sup.1 and Z is alternatively --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 -- or --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --,A is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene in which, in addition, one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups may be replaced by --O--,A.sup.1 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene in which, in addition, one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups may be replaced by --O--, or is 1,4-phenylene which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted or disubstituted by fluorine and/or Cl atoms and in which, in addition, one or two CH groups may be replaced by N,W is --O--,Q is a single bond,m, o, s, r and t are as defined below,Y is F, Cl, OCF.sub.3, CHF.sub.2, OCHF.sub.2 or OCHF, and can be CF.sub.3,are suitable as components for liquid-crystalline media.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 1997Date of Patent: November 17, 1998Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Volker Reiffenrath, Herbert Plach, Detlef Pauluth, Reinhard Hittich, Eike Poetsch, Thomas Geelhaar, Georg Weber, Ekkehard Bartmann
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Patent number: 5811029Abstract: Benzene derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is 1 to 7, Q is --CO or --(CH.sub.2).sub.r -- where r is 1 to 5, s is 0, 1 or 2, t is 0 or 1, where s+t.gtoreq.1, X is F, Cl, --CF.sub.3, --CN, --OCF.sub.3 or --OCHF.sub.2, and Y, L and Z are each, independently of one another, H or F.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 1995Date of Patent: September 22, 1998Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Andreas Wachtler, Reinhard Hittich, Eike Poetsch, Herbert Plach, David Coates, Ulrich Finkenzeller, Thomas Geelhaar, Volker Reiffenrath, Bernhard Rieger
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Patent number: 5772914Abstract: Chiral benzene derivatives of formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1*, R.sup.2*, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, m, n and k are as defined in claim 1, and their use as chiral dopes in liquid-crystalline media, particularly for electrooptical displays, and to electrooptical displays containing such media.Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 1996Date of Patent: June 30, 1998Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Detlef Pauluth, Matthias Bremer, Herbert Plach, Georg Weber
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Patent number: 5753142Abstract: A nematic liquid-crystal composition for active matrix displays with high voltage holding ratio, an optical birefringence an in the range from 0.12 to 0.13 and a low threshold voltage.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 1997Date of Patent: May 19, 1998Assignees: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung, Sharp CorporationInventors: Herbert Plach, Ekkehard Bartmann, Eike Poetsch, Syuichi Kozaki, Kazuyoshi Fujioka, Masako Nakamura, Hiroshi Numata, Hideo Ichinose
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Patent number: 5746941Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it contains one or more compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## in which Hal is fluorine or chlorine and R is alkyl, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyl, in each case having up to 7 carbon atoms.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1994Date of Patent: May 5, 1998Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft MIT Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Bernhard Rieger, Reinhard Hittich, Hans Adolf Kurmeier, David Coates, Herbert Plach
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Patent number: 5725796Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystal display based on a twisted nematic cell and havingtwo substrates provided with electrode layers and alignment layers thereon and, with a frame, forming a cell,a nematic liquid-crystal mixture having positive dielectric anisotropy present in the cell, anda twist angle of the liquid-crystal layer in the cell with a value of between 0.degree. and 600.degree. from alignment layer to alignment layer,whose liquid-crystal mixture is based on medium-polarity compounds of the SFM type which are selected so that the liquid-crystal mixture has a viscosity at 20.degree. C. of less than 30 mm.sup.2 s.sup.-1 and has a value ofK/.DELTA..di-elect cons..ltoreq.1.5for the quotient of the Frank constant K ##EQU1## and the dielectric anisotropy .DELTA..di-elect cons..DELTA..di-elect cons.=.di-elect cons..vertline.-.di-elect cons..sub..perp.when used in a TN cell (.nu.=.pi./2, d/p<<1)K/.DELTA..di-elect cons..ltoreq.1.5where .nu.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1995Date of Patent: March 10, 1998Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft met beschrankter HaftungInventors: Ulrich Finkenzeller, Herbert Plach, Eike Poetsch, Volker Reiffenrath
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Patent number: 5718840Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it contains one or more compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, X, L and m are as defined in claim 1.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1996Date of Patent: February 17, 1998Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Herbert Plach, Detlef Pauluth, Joachim Krause, Georg Weber, Volker Reiffenrath, Eike Poetsch
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Patent number: 5696570Abstract: The invention relates to a TN cell which contains a nematic liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy and a twist angle of essentially 90.degree., between two substrates provided with electrode and alignment layers, where the product of the separation between the substrate plates d and the optical anisotropy d.multidot..DELTA.n ?sic! of the liquid crystal is between 0.15 and 0.70 .mu.m, characterized in that the liquid crystal contains a doping component in order to improve the grey shade capacity, so that the cell has a value for the undisturbed quotient of the separation between the substrate plates d and the pitch of the liquid crystal p of 0.1.ltoreq.d/p.ltoreq.0.5.Type: GrantFiled: December 11, 1996Date of Patent: December 9, 1997Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Herbert Plach, Paulus Adrianus Breddels
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Patent number: 5679282Abstract: The invention relates to chiral 2,6-difluorobenzene derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## in which MG is a mesogenic group containing no ester groups, or a group which in combination with ##STR2## forms a mesogenic group containing no ester groups; X is O or CH.sub.2 ; andQ* is a chiral radical containing at least one chiral carbon atom,and to the use thereof as chiral dopes in liquid-crystalline media for electrooptical displays.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1995Date of Patent: October 21, 1997Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Detlef Pauluth, Herbert Plach
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Patent number: 5641429Abstract: Fluorobenzene derivatives of formula I, ##STR1## in which R an alkenyl radical as further defined in the specification,A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 are a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene radical, 1,4-phenylene radical or other cyclic structure as further defined in the specification,Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are a single bond or bridging group,L is H or F,m is 0, 1 or 2,Y is F or Cl, andQ is a single bond.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 1995Date of Patent: June 24, 1997Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Volker Reiffenrath, Hans Adolf Kurmeier, Eike Poetsch, Herbert Plach, Ulrich Finkenzeller, Ekkehard Bartmann, Joachim Krause, Bernhard Scheuble
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Patent number: 5626793Abstract: A nematic liquid crystalline medium having at least two liquid crystalline components with at least one being of formula I ##STR1## wherein R is H, a straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, it also being possible to replace one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals, independently of one another, by --O--, --S--, ##STR2## --CO--, --CO--O--, --O--CO-- or --O--CO--O-- in such a way that oxygen atoms are not linked directly to one another,Z.sub.1 and Z are each, independently of one another, --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, --CH.dbd.CH--, --C.tbd.C-- or a single bond, and one of the radicals Z.sup.1 and Z is alternatively --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 -- or --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --,A and A.sup.1 are each, independently of one another, trans-1,4-cyclohexylene in which, in addition, one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1995Date of Patent: May 6, 1997Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Volker Reiffenrath, Herbert Plach, Detlef Pauluth, Reinhard Hittich, Eike Poetsch, Thomas Geelhaar, Georg Weber, Ekkehard Bartmann
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Patent number: 5616284Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it contains one or more compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## in which X is fluorine, chlorine, CF.sub.3, OCF.sub.3 or OCHF.sub.2, one of the radicals 1.sup.1 and 1.sup.2 is fluorine, the other radical 1.sup.1 or 1.sup.2 is hydrogen and R is alkyl, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyl, in each case having up to 7 carbon atoms.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 1995Date of Patent: April 1, 1997Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Reinhard Hittich, Bernhard Rieger, Volker Reiffenrath, David Coates, Herbert Plach
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Patent number: 5578241Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystal display element which contains an electrically switchable, dielectrically positive twisted nematic liquid crystal layer between two substrates which together with a frame form a cell, and two layers with alignment layers thereon applied to the substrates. The liquid crystal mixture is based on SFM compounds. One of the electrodes forming an active matrix of non-linear switching elements is integrated within each picture element while the other electrode is the counter electrode. The alignment layer is an organic polymer layer which may be essential uniformly aligned by rubbing. The alignment layer results in an essential homogenous surface alignment of the liquid crystal layer with a surface tilt angle. The liquid crystal material comprises at least 30 wt. % of one or more compounds according to formula I ##STR1## wherein R, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, X, Y and n are herein defined, and the alignment layer is based on at least partially fluorinated polyimides.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 1993Date of Patent: November 26, 1996Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Herbert Plach, Bernhard Rieger, Volker Reiffenrath, Eike Poetsch
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Patent number: 5571449Abstract: Partially fluorinated benzene derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## in which R, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, L.sup.1, L.sup.2 and m are as defined in claim 1, are suitable as components of liquid-crystalline media.Type: GrantFiled: January 19, 1995Date of Patent: November 5, 1996Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Ekkehard Bartmann, Herbert Plach, Rudolf Eidenschink
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Patent number: 5565140Abstract: The invention relates to novel halogenated benzene derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is 1 to 7 [sic], the rings A and B are each trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, or one of the rings A and B is alternatively 1,4-phenylene or 3-fluoro-l,4-phenylene, X is F, C1, CHF.sub.2, --CF.sub.3, --CN, --OCF.sub.3 or --OCHF.sub.2, Y and Z are each, independently of one another, H or F, r=1 or, in the case where s=1, B=trans-1,4-cyclohexylene and simultaneously X=--CHF.sub.2, --CF.sub.3, --OCF.sub.3 or --OCHF.sub.2, r is alternatively 0, and s=1 or, in the case where B=1,4-phenylene or 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, s=0.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1995Date of Patent: October 15, 1996Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Reinhard Hittich, Eike Poetsch, Volker Reiffenrath, Bernhard Rieger, Andreas Wachtler, David Coates, Herbert Plach
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Patent number: 5562858Abstract: Hexafluoropropyl ethers of the formula I ##STR1## in which R, A.sup.1, Z.sup.1, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, m and n are as defined herein are suitable as components of liquid-cyrstalline media.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 1995Date of Patent: October 8, 1996Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beshrankter HaftungInventors: Ekkehard Bartmann, Detlef Pauluth, Herbert Plach
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Patent number: 5560863Abstract: 2-Fluorocyclohexene derivatives of formula I ##STR1## where R, A.sup.1, Z.sup.1, X, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, m and n are as defined herein, and their use as components of liquid-crystalline media for electro-optical display elements, in particular for matrix liquid-crystal displays.Type: GrantFiled: April 5, 1995Date of Patent: October 1, 1996Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Volker Reiffenrath, Herbert Plach