Abstract: An electric cattle guard formed of first and second elongated mats, said second mat received in an upper face of the first mat. Both mats are formed of a flexible insulating material with the second mat interspersed with electrically conductive particles, fibers or a mixture thereof in an amount sufficient to apply a high voltage, low energy shock to an animal making contact with the second elongated mat when it energized. A conductive strip adapted to make electrical contact with an electric fence energizer is provided at one or both ends of the second elongated mat.

Abstract: A brooder unit and system for installation in a brooder building for applying heat to young animals such as chicks. The system includes a plurality of brooder units, each unit having a hood with an air inlet and an air outlet. A hot liquid heat exchanger is housed with the hood between the air inlet and outlet, and a fan is housed within the hood between the air inlet and the heat exchanger for circulating air drawn into the inlet, over the heat exchanger, and out the air outlets. The hood is tapered outwardly such that the air outlet is substantially larger in cross-section than the air inlet. The brooder units are supported with their air outlets opening downwardly and spaced a selected distance above the floor of the building. Hot liquid is supplied to the heat exchangers of the brooder units, and electrical power is supplied to the fans.