Abstract: Containers are filled with flowable substances while passing through a filling station. The plurality of nozzles and cylinders move through the filling station in unison with the containers. The cylinders have a free flowing piston movable under fluid action alternately to charge and discharge from alternate ends. A spool valve operates with respective cylinders under mechanical activation to charge and discharge cylinders and permit fluid from the supply to feed the respective nozzle. One cylinder end receives a stop rod which can be variably located into the cylinder and thereby to adjust the cylinder volume. The rod can be adjusted precisely as the vertical location of a mounting plate varies, which can be effected during operation of the filling machine. The cylinder length to diameter is substantially elongated to make for precision adjustments of cylinder volume as the rod is located variably into and from the cylinder. A highly precise adjustable filling system is achieved.

Abstract: This bottle has a projection or "latch" from its neck, just below the thread, and along and near the lower end of that thread. There is a gap in the cap thread, that lines up with the "latch" when the cap is fully screwed on. The cap deforms when screwed on, passing the "latch" over the end of the cap thread and into the gap. The "latch" then resists cap removal. Only torque beyond the ability of a small child (or even requiring use of a tool) frees the cap. A second projection from the neck, a "flag", is breakable. It is below the bottom end of the neck thread, just above (measured along the thread) the "latch". The "flag" can fold against the neck, but springs out if released. It catches in the cap-thread gap when the cap is unscrewed, and is torn off or broken by forcible removal of the cap. Its removal or breakage evidences that the bottle has been opened.

Abstract: A reusable tamper-proof container comprising a bottle, screw cap and closure with pull tab. The closure is inserted into the cap with the pull tab positioned into a recessed area in the cap. After the cap is applied to the bottle, the closure is sealed to the lip of the bottle under heat or pressure. When the cap is removed the closure remains adhered to the lip of the bottle and the pull tab is positioned in a recessed area in the neck of the bottle until the closure is peeled off. A childproof feature is added by placing a bar on the bottle which mates with a broken area of the cap's threads thereby preventing movement of the cap in relation to the bottle.

Abstract: To provide fuel for a vehicle, a product of fermentation such as a water/ethanol mixture is circulated in the cooling circuit of the engine of the vehicle. The fuel is distilled from the cooling circuit and at least a portion of the distilled fuel is burned in the engine, either as a vapor or as a condensate. Also disclosed are a sensor for determining when the fuel content of the distillate is sufficiently high for combustion and a carburetor for the distilled fuel, which is of varying alcohol content.

Abstract: To provide fuel for a vehicle, a product of fermentation such as a water/ethanol mixture is circulated in the cooling circuit of the engine of the vehicle. The fuel is distilled from the cooling circuit and at least a portion of the distilled fuel is burned in the engine, either as a vapor or as a condensate. Also disclosed are a sensor for determining when the fuel content of the distillate is sufficiently high for combustion and a carburetor for the distilled fuel, which is of varying alcohol content.

Abstract: A load of filled containers to be cased is assembled into a caseload by moving the containers in a column to a loading station at one end of a normally stationary conveyor. A control device determines when a complete caseload row is accumulated at the loading station and causes a platen to sweep such row laterally onto the conveyor and to thereafter permit a second row to accumulate at such loading station. A second control device determines when an appropriate number of rows of containers have accumulated on the conveyor to form a caseload and then causes the conveyor to be driven to carry the completed caseload away from the loading station and in spaced-apart relation to other caseloads so that the operator may easily and quickly fit an open case over the caseload.

Abstract: This device for rapid and extremely accurate filling of containers includes a duct for bleeding off gas bubbles from a metering device, where prior bubble-eliminating provisions are inadequate due to extreme product viscosity. The device also has relative adjustment between a positive mechanical stop, used to define very precisely the substance volume metered by a biacting piston, and a control switch used to reverse the piston. This adjustability corrects an inaccuracy arising in prior devices due to the necessarily slower speed of the piston with extremely viscous product.

Abstract: This device for rapid and extremely accurate filling of bottles includes means for decreasing the dispensing flow rate during particular phases of each fill. This feature minimizes foaming of dispensed fluids when the filling operation proceeds into the portion of each bottle wherein conditions are conductive to foaming, while maintaining a rapid fill rate for other portions of each bottle. The device also has a novel spool valve for control of flow between supply, metering device and bottle: this valve has a hollow-centered spool, the hollow center providing in one operational configuration a fluid-flow bypass which reduces the number of ports and connections outside the valve barrel.