Abstract: A position-measuring device for measuring linear and/or angular positions includes a first measuring standard that has a first code track, with the aid of which consecutive position regions are cyclically measurable, and at least two multiturn code disks having second code tracks, via whose angular positions the currently measured position region of the first code track may be determined. The first measuring standard and the multiturn code disks are positioned such that the first code track and the second code tracks are scannable by a common scanning unit, through a first scanning window and second scanning windows, respectively.

Abstract: A position-measuring device for measuring linear and/or angular positions includes a first measuring standard that has a first code track, with the aid of which consecutive position regions are cyclically measurable, and at least two multiturn code disks having second code tracks, via whose angular positions the currently measured position region of the first code track may be determined. The first measuring standard and the multiturn code disks are positioned such that the first code track and the second code tracks are scannable by a common scanning unit, through a first scanning window and second scanning windows, respectively.

Abstract: Liquid infusion pods having a fluid distribution member situated in a top plane and a liquid permeable first filter member wherein the first filter member is sealed to the fluid distribution member forming a first interior chamber that comprises a liquid dispersible material, the fluid distribution member having at least one injection nozzle protruding downward from the top plane into the interior chamber, the injection nozzle has at least one infusion port that directs fluid into the first interior chamber in a direction that is not normal to the top plane, the first filter member comprising at least first region and at least one second region wherein the permeability of the first region is different from the permeability of the second region.

Abstract: A directional coupler sensor is provided for measuring the moisture content of a substrate, such as hair. The sensor incorporates a high frequency directional coupler having a pair of generally parallel plates defining a coupling gap therebetween. A high frequency signal generator generates an electromagnetic field across the gap with the substrate placed across the coupling gap. The coupled power relates to the moisture content of the substrate. A pressure sensor is provided to ensure that the desired compactness of the substrate across the coupling gap is achieved to obtain accurate, reliable and consistent results.

Abstract: A brewing apparatus pod carrier including a frame forming a pod receiving cavity on a first side of the frame, a frothing chamber located below the pod receiving cavity, a brewed liquid outlet from the frothing chamber, and a connection section at a bottom end of the frame which is sized and shaped to have a frothing attachment removably connected thereto and supported by suspension from the bottom end of the frame.