Abstract: A layer stack is formed that includes a device layer and an insulator layer. The device layer includes electronic elements. The insulator layer is adjacent to a back surface of the device layer. A spacer disk is adhesive bonded on the layer stack on a side opposite the device layer. The spacer disk and the layer stack form a wafer composite. The wafer composite is divided into a plurality of individual semiconductor chips. Each semiconductor chip includes a portion of the layer stack and a portion of the spacer disk.

Abstract: A method for reading data from a dynamic memory circuit is provided, wherein at least one memory cell can be addressed via a word line and a bit line, wherein the memory cell is connected to a first reading amplifier via the bit line, and wherein a switching element, which in the off state isolates the first reading amplifier from the bit line, is provided. The method comprises: a) turning on the switching element to connect the first reading amplifier to the bit line, b) activating the word line to activate the memory cell for reading, c) activating the first reading amplifier to initiate assessment of the information on the bit line, d) turning off the switching element to isolate the first reading amplifier from the bit line, and e) transferring the information which has been read to a data bus.

Abstract: A method for reading data from a dynamic memory circuit is provided, wherein at least one memory cell can be addressed via a word line and a bit line, wherein the memory cell is connected to a first reading amplifier via the bit line, and wherein a switching element, which in the off state isolates the first reading amplifier from the bit line, is provided. The method comprises: a) turning on the switching element to connect the first reading amplifier to the bit line, b) activating the word line to activate the memory cell for reading, c) activating the first reading amplifier to initiate assessment of the information on the bit line, d) turning off the switching element to isolate the first reading amplifier from the bit line, and e) transferring the information which has been read to a data bus.

Abstract: An integrated CMOS circuit, and method for producing same, including a semiconductor substrate having a p-channel MOS transistor and an n-channel MOS transistor formed therein and having a first silicon layer, a stressed Si.sub.1-x Ge.sub.x layer and a second silicon layer which are preferably grown by selective epitaxy. In an ON state, a buried channel is formed in the stressed Si.sub.1-x Ge.sub.x layer in the p-channel MOS transistor and a surface channel is formed in the second silicon layer in the n-channel MOS transistor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring sensor having pump reference for measuring the oxygen content of gas mixtures, particularly exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. The sensor includes a measuring cell (A) and a reference cell (B) each having a pair of electrodes, with one of each respective pairs of electrodes being common to the two cells, and having a fixed electrolyte. Reference cell (B) has defined therein an internal oxygen reference zone which is hermetically sealed from the gas mixture and which is connected to the atmosphere by way of a pressure-equalization line. The measuring cell (A) and the reference cell (B) can be heated by heating apparatus to a temperature at which the fixed electrolyte has an ionic conductivity which is sufficiently high.

Abstract: Abstract of the Disclosure: Particles of poly(meth)acrylimides obtainable by reacting a polymer based on C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 -alkyl esters of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid with ammonia and/or at least one primary amine RNH.sub.2 are produced byA) exiting a solution of the polymer from a nozzle in a multiplicity of jets of liquid,B) breaking up the jets of liquid into droplets having a narrow size distribution by setting the nozzle swinging longitudinally or transversely or by pulsing the liquid inside the nozzle or by providing for some distance between the point of exit from the nozzle and the point of entry into a coagulating bath,C) precipitating the resulting droplets by introducing them into a coagulating bath which contains a liquid in which the polymer does not dissolve, andD) stripping the polymer particles of solvent residues and other impurities,and are useful for making shaped articles.

Abstract: In the context of a device for the production of printing plates comprising a printing down station with a plate table and an associated illuminating means, which station has associated with it a foil receiving means formed preferably by a foil cassette for unprinted foil and preferably a receiving cassette for printed foil, in the case of which the foil to be printed onto an unexposed or blank printing plate is able to be taken from a foil receiving means by means of a moving vacuum frame, is able to be moved onto the blank plate on the plate table and after exposure is able to be discharged, preferably into a receiving cassette, a high rate of plate production and a smooth manner of operation without damaging the foils may be ensured if the foil conveying device has a plurality of vacuum frames moving in circuits which are out of phase with each other.

Abstract: Pulverulent polymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are prepared by polymerizing (a) from 100 to 70% by weight of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or a mixture thereof and (b) from 0 to 30% by weight of vinylsulfonic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof in a monohydric C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alcohol, water or a mixture thereof in a pulverulent bed in the presence of a polymerization initiator and from 0.05 to 10 mol % of thiocarboxylic acid and/or a mercaptoalcohol and from 0.05 to 10 mol % of propionic acid or formic acid as regulators, each percentage being based on the monomers used in the polymerization, by maintaining the pulverulent state during the polymerization, removing the heat of polymerization by distilling off the solvent and recirculating the reaction mixture.

Abstract: In the context of a device for producing printing plates comprising a printing down station with a plate table and an associated illuminating means, which station has associated with it a foil receiving means formed preferably constituted by a foil cassette for unprinted foil and preferably at least one receiving cassette for printed foil, in the case of which the foil to be printed onto an unexposed or blank printing plate is able to be taken from a foil receiving means by means of a moving vacuum frame, is able to be moved onto the blank plate on the plate table and after exposure is able to be discharged, preferably into a receiving cassette, a higher throughput rate and a gentle handling of the foils etc.

Abstract: Particulate polymers of aromatic diols I and aromatic dihalogen compound II are prepared by(A) producing a plurality of liquid jets from a solution of the polymer by means of a nozzle,(B) causing the liquid jet to divide into particles of equal size,(C) precipitating the drops by introduction into a precipitation bath and(D) removing solvent residues and other impurities.

Abstract: To increase the operating speed of a printing machine in which sheets are fed from a make-ready table (5) to a printing system (P, G; 2, 3, 65, 63), sheets are fed to the make-ready table in a transport direction and a lateral force is applied to the sheets as they are being fed to the make-ready table, for example by inclined belts (6-9).

Abstract: To permit continuous adjustment of a groove cover element (15), the groove cover element is extended in the groove, formed with a through-bore (14) in which an eccentric cam (7) is located, which can be rotated by a spindle. By rotating the spindle, the cover element is raised from the groove, or lowered against a rubber blanket, printing plate or the like thereon. The spindle can be locked in rotated position by a counter nut (FIG. 1) or can be free to rock continuously during rotation of the cylinder by linking the spindle to an arm which rides on a fixed cam. The cam can be adjusted so that the position of the spindle, and hence of the groove cover element, will be flush with the cylinder just at the time when the cylinder rolls off against an adjacent cylinder (100). Adjustment of the cam can be manual, for example via a worm gear drive, or electrically, for example by a stepping motor, so that automatic speed-dependent positional adjustment of the cam is possible.

Abstract: For smoothing of the leading edges of sheets disposed on the feed table of a sheetfeeder for a rotary printing machine, a vertically reciprocable rule (3) is provided. Prior to grasping of each sheet by grippers (16), the rule is lowered onto the sheets on the table (1), thereby ironing out waviness, so that the sheets may be evenly and securely grasped by the grippers (16) and correctly fed into the printing machine. In order to position the rule as close as possible to the leading edge of the sheets, the rule has recesses (5, 6) which accomodate the grippers (16) and front gauges (17).

Abstract: To provide for versatile printing, while permitting exchange of the plate of a blanket cylinder - plate cylinder couple during operation of the printing machine, i.e. while the machine is printing, for example only prime or verso printing in a single color, two blanket cylinder - plate cylinder (2, 4; 3, 5) are provided, selectively engageable with an impression cylinder (1). One (3) of the blanket cylinders is positionable in three axial positions, selectively (a) for engagement with the impression cylinder (1), (b) for engagement with the other blanket cylinder (2) or (c) removed from both the impression and the blanket cylinder, to permit exchange of the plate of the associated plate cylinder (5). A paper web substrate (6) can be passed, selectively, between the two blanket cylinders and partially about the impression cylinder, or between the impression cylinder and one of the blanket cylinders.

Abstract: For smoothing an ink film on an ink application roller, so that the ink film on the application roller which is also applied to the plate cylinder will be free from valleys, ridges, striations and the like, a plate-like stamp element (11) is engaged against the circumference of an ink application roller (9), preferably the last one in the direction of rotation of the plate cylinder (10). Preferably, the plate-like stamp element oscillates or reciprocates axially, and is engaged on the surface of the ink application roller (19) by an adjustable spring force (17, 18).

Abstract: Polyphenylene ethers are prepared from monohydric phenols, which possess alkyl substituents in the two ortho-positions and, if desired, in the meta-position, but not in the para-position, by an oxidative coupling reaction with oxygen at from 15.degree. to 50.degree. C. and under from 1 to 10 bar in the presence of a catalyst complex, of a solvent and, if required, of an activator, by a method in which the conversion of the phenols is carried out in two more reaction zones, in which some or all of the solvent, the catalyst complex and the phenols and, where relevant, the activator is initially taken and is circulated by means of a conveying unit, and about 60-100% of the stoichiometric amount of oxygen required for the oxidative coupling is introduced into the first reaction zone and from 0 to about 40% of the said stoichiometric amount is introduced into the second reaction zone.

Abstract: A job strip encoding printing process data is disposed on an indicia-free zone of an associated printing plate. The printing process data include process control data, press presetting data and organization data for the entire print order using the associated printing plate. Preferably, all of the important printing adjustments are computer controlled and the printing machine includes a scanner for automatically reading the job strip when the printing plate is clamped onto the plate cylinder of the printing machine. The job strip is not integral with the printing plate so that the printing process data are easily changed. The job strip, however, is attached to the printing plate and therefore the printing process data and associated printing plates are not mixed up in the print shop. The job strip is elongated and aligned parallel and adjacent to a longitudinal edge portion of the printing plate which is clamped to the plate cylinder.

Abstract: Register of sheets being transferred by a reversal drum (9), having suction grippers (16) to grip the trailing end (15) of a sheet (12) being transported and reversed between two printing stations (1, 2) is improved and assisted by positioning pricking pins (17) in or on the suction grippers (16), to prick into and engage the trailing end portions of the sheet being picked off an impression cylinder (5) of a first printing system (1) by the reversal and transport drum (9).

Abstract: To reduce the width of the groove (6,7) within which the end portions of rubber blankets (14) of a blanket cylinder are attached, and thus prevent oscillations occurring due to roll-off of the groove against another cylinder, which may likewise have a groove, the rubber blanket is formed to have a reinforcing strip which is shorter than the axial dimension of the rubber blanket, the rubber blanket being formed with converging sides, the slot width of the groove adjacent the circumference of the cylinder being narrow in the end regions to have the width of only about twice the width of the thickness of the rubber blanket. In some constructions, the rubber blanket is a composite blanket formed of a substrate and an ink transferring cover; the end portion of the rubber blanket, which fits within the groove, can be left free of the ink transferring rubber cover so that the width of the slot at the end portion can be narrowed even further to only about twice the width of the substrate.

Abstract: To minimize the number of components of the printing system and require only a single impression cylinder, a sheet transport chain is carried about a second one of three rubber cylinders (3, 5, 7) to receive a sheet from the impression cylinder (2) to which the sheet is first applied for a first prime printing by a first rubber cylinder (3), the sheet being led about the second rubber cylinder and between a third rubber cylinder (7) which applies verso printing thereon, with the second rubber cylinder acting as a counter or impression cylinder for the third rubber cylinder; each one of the rubber cylinders has a plate cylinder (4, 6, 8) associated therewith, the second rubber cylinder applying the second prime print being positioned above the chain drive, the first rubber cylinder and the first plate cylinder being positioned above the impression cylinder (2) and the third blanket cylinder and the third plate cylinder being positioned below the printing cylinder, thus providing for compact construction of the