Abstract: To avoid or minimize the occurrence of cross streaks or current streaks on a substrate that is transported through an electrolytic bath and roughened electrochemically in it, the current density is regulated in the electrolyte between a first alternating or three-phase current electrode and the substrate in such a way that at the beginning of a roughening zone, the current density has a lesser value than within the roughening zone, in the transport direction of the substrate. Downstream of the first alternating or three-phase current electrode, either a further alternating current electrode or a further three-phase current electrode acts on the substrate. In a preferred embodiment, the first alternating or three-phase current electrode has a rounded outline, which is composed of a curved portion and adjoining it a straight portion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electrochemically roughening a support is disclosed to minimize the occurrence of surface discharges or electrical discharges on the support. A DC voltage acts on the support at the start of the movement of the support through the electrolyte bath. Subsequently, a three-phase or single-phase current acts on the support in the roughening zone. Three-phase electrodes are arranged in the electrolyte bath and are connected to the secondary of a three-phase transformer. The primary of the three-phase transformer is connected, via control transformers to a three-phase power transformer. A DC electrode is located upstream of the three-phase electrodes in the direction in which the support is transported through the bath. The DC electrode may be connected to the positive pole of a DC source while the negative pole of this DC source makes contact with the support.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for applying a coating solution to a running substrate using a slot die having two die lips forming a gap therebetween. The gap also defines an outlet for releasing the coating solution to the substrate. The lips have plurality of manifold chambers communicating with gas feeder and coating solution feeder provided in the die lips. The manifold chambers communicate with the outlet. The width of the coating solution is adjustable with the gas pressure applied to the gas feeder.

Abstract: A coating device for applying a thin wet film to a carrier has a slit die on which at least one flexible lip comprising a flat strip is firmly clamped. The flat strip projects beyond a leading edge of the slit die and is fixed by a clamping strip which is screwed to the inclined outside of a rigid upper lip of the slit die by means of a clamping screw. A locking pin arranged parallel to the clamping screw in the upper lip penetrates the lip and fixes it in its position together with the clamping screw, which also penetrates the flexible lip.

Abstract: A device for generating a subatmospheric pressure at a coating layer on a web-shaped carrier material which is guided over a coating roll. The device is provided with a pressure chamber which is pressurized symmetrically with compressed air via two end-face inflow openings. The compressed air is fed symmetrically to the inflow openings via a manifold unit. From the pressure chamber, the compressed air emerges via a so-called Laval nozzle, thereby generating in a region above the nozzle a subatmospheric pressure which acts on the meniscus of the coating layer during the transition from the gap of the coating die onto the carrier material. Movable seals are provided to permit the width of the nozzle to be adapted to the coating width of the carrier material.

Abstract: A coating device bears against support roll via runners or guide members which are arranged on the two sides of the housing of the coating device. The coating device is displaceable along guides and is forced by a pressure force against the support roll. Each of the runners or guide members is finished with a reduced-friction coating and is preferably rotatably articulated via a pivot to the housing of the coating device.

Abstract: A coating device for cast-coating webs and plates or the like comprises a swivelling casting channel with a cover and a draining trough connected with a supply tank for a coating material through a return line. A suction line leads from the supply tank, via a pump and a hose, to a supply pipe which is inserted in a connecting piece of the casting channel and opens into the interior of the casting channel. An overflow baffle and an underflow baffle are inserted in mountings or grooves, respectively, inside the casting channel. A gap is left open between the cover and the casting channel, through which gap the coating material flows over an overflow edge onto a casting plate which is attached to the outside of the casting channel and points vertically downward. The casting film flows upon the plates or webs conveyed horizontally through the coating device.

Abstract: A device for applying a double-sided coating to a substrate comprises three transport lines which are mutually connected by conveying stations in the form of belt-type conveyors. The substrate is placed onto a paper web, and the upper surface of the substrate is coated with the liquid to be applied in a spraying station in an electrostatic field; subsequently dried; turned through 180.degree. in the horizontal direction by a first belt-type conveyor; and passed onto a punched conveyor belt which is endlessly guided about a suction roller. The substrate is turned upside down by the suction roller, through a jet of compresed air. The substrate is transported onto a second belt-type conveyor where it is horizontally turned through 180.degree. and conveyed onto the third transport line, in which it is again passed through a cleaning station and a spraying station where the other surface of the substrate is coated with a liquid resist.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for drying boards coated on both sides utilizes plural heating sources located within a drying zone and a plurality of conveyor rollers, located below the heating sources, which convey the boards through the drying zone. A coolant flows through the hollow interior of each of the conveyor rollers, thus cooling the outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers and the bottom surfaces of the boards. The conveyor rollers are arranged in parallel with one another and may be either horizontal or arranged in adjacent rows which are adjustably inclined towards one another to accommodate boards of varying sizes. Conveyor rollers located immediately downstream of the drying zone form a short cooling zone in which the boards are rapidly cooled for further handling.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pressure-contact and lift-off arrangement, which comprises pressure-rollers, a doctor blade, and brushes, which are mounted in guide rails or bearings, as appropriate. These rails or bearings are located on the inner sides of the side plates of a processing unit. Hold-downs are mounted on supporting frames in a manner permitting vertical adjustment by means of screws. The supporting frames have elongated holes which are obliquely inclined, and are capable of displacement in the longitudinal direction over bearing carriers on which rolling-contact bearings seat. The bearing carriers are fastened to the side plates by means of screws. The supporting frames are connected by means of a shaft, which possesses hubs and on which a hand lever acts. The hubs are connected to link plates by means of attachment screws. Connecting links are mounted on these link plates by means of bolts which are capable of rotating.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for transferring a toner image in a transfer zone from a photoconductor to an image carrier 15. The photoconductor is mounted on an upper part 65 of a travelling table 3. The image carrier 15 lies on an inclined feed table, and after the image carrier has been released, it is held on a transport cylinder 17 by means of gripper mechanisms and is urged against the transport cylinder by a first pressure mechanism. A second pivoting pressure mechanism and the transport cylinder convey the image carrier to a third gripper mechanism, which is displaced parallel to an inclined deposit to guide the image carrier in an upward direction via a fixing station and is then opened so that the image carrier drops into the deposit.

Abstract: Apparatus for transferring a toner image from a photoconductor to an image carrier with means to synchronize the speed of the photoconductor and image carrier during toner image transfer. The image carrier is held on the circumferential surface of a transport cylinder and is urged against the circumferential surface by a pressure roller. The photoconductor lies on an upper part of a travelling table which is moved towards the transport cylinder. During the forward motion, the upper part of the travelling table is connected with a travelling table via locking members but as soon as the upper part of the travelling table comes into contact with the image carrier, the locking members open and allow an easy displacement of the upper art of the travelling table with respect to the travelling table.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for detaching sheet material from a roller 1. The detaching device comprises a number of pivotable detaching fingers 2, each of which has a contact surface 10 of concave shape, the curvature of which matches the convex surface curvature of the roller 1. Each detaching finger 2 is pivotably mounted by means of a carrying pin 7 in a holding bow 3 mounted on a carrier rod which is mounted in two side members 19. The contact surface 10 has a convex curve extending transversely to the concave shape.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved transport mechanism for cyclically conveying an original past an optical scanning device in an electrophotographic copying machine of the type in which a gripping unit engages a leading edge of an original during the entire cycling time, which reduces distortion, maximizes utilization of the transport mechanism, and enables the use of lower illumination intensities by optically scanning the original as a planar surface and by providing a pair of transport rollers downstream of the optical scanning device to insure a fast cycling and delivery of the original.

Abstract: An apparatus for fusion fixing thermoplastic toner images on an image carrier by use of heat and pressure, comprising a heatable fixing roller comprising a first extension tube, a first cylindrical cover surrounding the first extension tube and being comprised of an elastic, heat- and permanent deformation-resistant material, and a first tubular sleeve pulled over the first cylindrical cover, with the first tubular sleeve having a polytetrafluoroethylene surface; a pressure roller mounted adjacent to the fixing roller, the pressure roller comprising a second extension tube, a second cylindrical cover surrounding the second extension tube and being comprised of an elastic, heat- and permanent deformation-resistant material, and a second tubular sleeve pulled over the second cylindrical cover; an apparatus for selectively engaging and disengaging the pressure roller against the fixing roller; and an arrangement for driving the pressure roller and the fixing roller at the same speed when the rollers are engaged,

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for transporting an original to be copied while resting on a supporting surface, preferably a drum, in a reproduction apparatus, comprising: a shaft extending across the width of the supporting surface and being arranged in spaced relationship substantially parallel therewith; a plurality of means in spaced attachment along the shaft and responsive to rotation of the shaft for clamping the leading edge of the original; a flexible strip member commonly covering the clamping means and being adapted to protect the leading edge of the original in the clamped position; means engaging one end of the shaft in an original-receiving position for opening and closing the clamping means by rotating the shaft; and means engaging one end of the shaft in an original-releasing position for opening the clamping means by rotating the shaft.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sheet feed apparatus suitable for feeding an original into a copying machine at an intake position and through the machine past an exposure station, the apparatus comprising a rotary support having a surface for supporting the original, means rotatable with the rotary support for gripping the leading edge of the original, means for selectively coupling and decoupling the gripping means with the support, means in advance of the exposure station for pressing the original against the supporting surface, means associated with the rotary support for conveying the original in contact with the supporting surface when the gripping means is stationary and means for releasing the original from the gripping means at a discharge position after the support has made a predetermined number of revolutions.