Abstract: To electroplate a metal layer which has silica particles dispersed therein, a method for electrochemically depositing a metal on a substrate, more specifically a method of forming a corrosion-resistant nickel multilayer on a substrate, are provided, wherein the method comprises the following method steps: (a) depositing a first nickel layer having a first electric potential, (b) depositing a second nickel layer having a second electric potential which is more negative than the first electric potential over the first nickel layer and (c) depositing a third nickel layer over the second nickel layer using a solution for electrochemically depositing a metal on a substrate, said solution containing ions of the metal to be deposited and silica particles, wherein at least one silicon containing organic moiety is provided to said silica particles, said silicon containing organic moiety comprising at least one functional group selected from the group comprising amino, quaternized ammonium, quaternized phosphonium and

Abstract: The process for making a high temperature-resistant metal layer on a ceramic surface includes the step of depositing the metal layer electrochemically from an electrochemical bath containing at least one metal salt containing the metal to be deposited, advantageously a metal salt of a resin acid, and a conductivity raising substance, e.g. methane sulfonic acid, dissolved in an organic solvent containing polar groups and having less than 1% by weight water. The resultant product is bubble-free and stable to high temperature.

Abstract: To achieve a high adhesive strength of a metallization on an enamel, the surface of the enamel is first roughened and simultaneously treated by ultrasound to remove loose particles. Then the layer is conditioned by a wetting agent, activated and the metal layer is deposited chemically. Particularly good results are obtained when the conditioning and activation of the surface are performed at a temperature slightly elevated above room temperature, about 40.degree. C., for about 5 minutes and the roughening is performed chemically by treating with a 2% solution of ammonium hydrogen fluoride.