Abstract: An engine/generator set, especially for use in driving a hybrid motor vehicle, in which an internal combustion engine is equipped with free flying pistons. The internal combustion engine operates in a two-stroke cycle with asymmetrical electrically controlled gas exchange with an exhaust gas turbine driving a turbocompressor. The power excess is fed back via a synchronous alternating current machine to the generator so that the vehicle is driven with high efficiency with an apparatus of reduced volume and weight per unit output.

Abstract: To increase the life of brake linings especially for heavy-duty vehicles and to increase reliability, an operating brake which is directly actuated by compressed air and a blocking brake which is spring actuated and has a compressed air spring relief, both in full lining configuration, are provided in a housing having radial ribs and in heat conduction with the two brake units to convectively dissipate the heat to ambient air. The blocking brake is actuated for emergency downhill or like braking situations to contribute to the dynamic braking torque.

Abstract: An autoignition two-stroke internal combustion engine utilizes rectangular working chambers and pistons with bar-type seals and rotary sleeve valves which connect the working chambers to exhaust gas turbines for secondary expansion and a supercharger. The supercharger is thermally decoupled from the expansion turbines but the expansion turbines are connected to the supercharger and the crankshaft by a planetary gear transmission which can be cut in or out by a disk-type brake or clutch.

Abstract: An autoignition two-stroke internal combustion engine utilizes rectangular working chambers and pistons with bar-type seals and rotary slide valves which connect the working chambers to exhaust gas turbines for secondary expansion and a supercharger. The supercharger is thermally decoupled from the expansion turbines but the expansion turbines are connected to the supercharger and the crankshaft by a planetary gear transmission which can be cut in or out by a disk-type brake or clutch.

Abstract: A full lining operating brake for a heavy duty vehicle is also provided with a parking or auxiliary brake in the form of a heat storing stack of brake plates within the brake carrier of the operating brake and between the carrier and a sleeve connected to the hub upon which the wheel is mounted. A belleville washer spring stack acts upon the stack of plates through a force multiplier disk and is itself relieved to permit the wheel to rotate by the pneumatic displacement of a tube which draws the spring stack away from the brake plate stack.

Abstract: A combustion chamber assembly for a two-stroke internal combustion engine has, in the upper dead point position of the piston, a space defined between the piston bottom and the cylinder head which is of the shape of a frustum of a right-circular cone or the shape of a right-circular cylinder. Surfaces of the piston bottom and the cylinder head extend tangentially to the wall of the space at 180.degree. offset from one another and are juxtaposed with surfaces of the cylinder head and piston bottom, respectively, defining narrow gaps squeezing fluid flow into this space tangentially form opposite directions to induce a vortex in the space in a single sense. The fuel injector opens axially into this space for autogenous ignition or self-firing or a spark plug extends axially into this space for external ignition.

Abstract: A multiple speed transmission, specifically for motor vehicles, comprises a main shaft 24 and two auxiliary shaft 24.sub.1 and 24.sub.2. Arranged on these shafts are several gear wheel groups of which three gear wheels each are constantly in mesh. Arranged on the main shaft 24, for shifting the gears, are sliding sleeves 24.sub.3, 24.sub.4, 24.sub.5, 24.sub.6 of which one each can be coupled to one of the gear wheels (by use of an operating cylinder) in interlocking fashion. To create synchronism on the sliding sleeve to be engaged, either an accelerating device 33 or a retarding device 36 acts on one of the auxiliary shafts, depending on shifting direction. Contingent upon reaching synchronism on the respective sliding sleeve, a mircoprocessor controls the servoagent supply to the respective operating cylinder.

Abstract: A fully lined disk brake has a brake housing rotatably mounted on a wheel and segmented arcuate shaped brake shoes supported in the brake housing by a fixed mounting on the wheel assembly which extends over the radially outward open end of the housing to support the brake shoes and is movable from over the open end of the housing to permit access thereto for replacing the brake shoes without dismantling the brake actuating mechanism. The invention provides brake shoes having a device for association with the mounting to support the brake shoes and brake shoe actuating mechanism which automatically adjusts the brakes for optimum operation.

Abstract: A fully coated disk brake with a brake housing carrier fastened to the wheel or its hub and revolving therewith. A brake housing is seated on the carrier and opens radially towards the outside. The housing accommodates brake rings, carrying a friction coat, fixedly in the peripheral direction, but axially displaceable, and capable of being pressed together by a tightening device for the purpose of braking. The brake housing carrier has distributed over its periphery carrier arms which extend in the axial direction. These carrier arms mount the brake rings and at their ends have abutments which restrict the axial movement of the brake rings. Between the brake rings are radially outward running air passage channels for the flow of cooling air between the carrier arms into the brake housing. The wheel hub may be constructed to serve as brake housing carrier.

Abstract: A multicylinder two-stroke internal combustion engine has a plurality of reciprocating pistons arranged in a circle about a central cavity in which is located a rotary distributor driven in timed sequence with operation of the pistons. The rotary distributor includes internal cavities which may connect through ports in its outer cylindrical surface with the working cylinders to control the flow of intake air, scavenging air and/or fuel to the working cylinders. Scavenging air can be precompressed either in a preceding cylinder, taken in ignition order, or in the crank chambers beneath the pistons.

Abstract: A disk brake and hub assembly for a vehicle wheel has an annular brake housing open at its radially exterior side and has circumferentially spaced openings in its radially inward side for air flow into the housing to cool the working parts of the brake assembly. The housing is formed of two complementary parts, one on the wheel side and the other spaced axially therefrom to leave a channel for the brake disks and fluid operated brake actuating parts. The two parts of the housing form radially extending walls which provide braking surfaces and at circumferentially spaced points have axially extending wall segments which provide a partially closed radially inward side for the housing. These wall segments are integral with yoke-shaped members which extend radially inwardly therefrom and are adapted to be fastened to circumferentially spaced extension arms of the hub flange to secure the housing to the hub for rotation therewith.

Abstract: A fully lined disk brake adapted for use to advantage with a wheel of a light-weight passenger car has a radially outwardly open brake housing secured to a hub of the wheel by circumferentially spaced radial arms. The brake housing has a radially inward wall provided with spaced openings which communicate with openings between the radial arms which support the housing. A stepped ring responsive to fluid under pressure is disposed between the brake disks in the brake housing for actuation of the brakes. The stepped rings which form the brake actuating member are provided with axial projections having spaces therebetween which contact the brake shoes. Air for ventilating the brakes is drawn through the openings between the arms and in the inner wall of the housing and passes between the projection members on the stepped rings to ventilate the brake disk.

Abstract: A brake disk assembly for a motorcycle wheel has a radially extending carrier integral with the hub and supporting a brake actuating member. The brake actuating member presses the friction lining of a brake disk against a brake ring on the wheel. In one embodiment of the invention only one brake actuating member is used and the two brake rings on opposite sides of the wheel are connected by a rod-like member. When the brake disk on one side of the wheel is actuated by pressing one brake disk against its brake ring, the latter brake ring presses the opposite brake ring through the connecting rod against the second brake disk. The actuating members may be either mechanical or hydraulic.

Abstract: A hydraulically actuated fully lined disc brake assembly for braking a wheel of a motor vehicle has a brake housing which is provided with a gap which is open on its radially exterior side. Brake discs which fully line the brake housing are disposed in the gap and are supported on a removable bracket which is fixed against rotation. The brake discs are fixed against rotation with the wheel but are free to move axially. A hydraulic actuating mechanism is disposed in the gap between the brake discs and is designed to apply pressure against the discs at their radial center point to actuate the brake discs at their most efficient radii. The brake housing is supported on the wheel and can be removed for replacement of the brake discs after the wheel has been removed without disassembly of the brake actuating mechanism.

Abstract: A fully-lined disk brake assembly has two disk brake disks disposed in an annular channel of a brake housing. The brake housing rotates with the wheel and a pair of axial movable annular brake disks fixed against rotation with the wheel are disposed in the channel. A fluid actuated ring cylinder and piston assembly, stepped ring cylinders or similar brake actuation mechanism is disposed in the channel between the brake disks. The brake housing is assembled from two separable annular members which are fastened together by screws or a snap-ring. The wheel side member of the brake housing is adapted to receive the wheel bolt for securing the brake housing to a flange on the hub or axle shaft of the wheel assembly.

Abstract: A brake assembly having a brake housing which has an annular member enclosing an annular gap of channel-like cross-section open at its radially exterior side is provided with at least one pair of segmental brake shoes. Annular actuating and thrust rings are disposed in the gap between the brake shoes and hydraulically actuated members are associated with the rings to move them against the brake shoes and press the brake shoes against the braking surface. The hydraulic actuating members may be a pair of hydraulic cylinders having pistons which move actuating rings associated with the brake shoes or a single piston acting against a projection from one actuating ring.

Abstract: A vehicle with a transmission shiftable in steps by means of friction clutches includes starting unit at the input or output of the transmission comprising a planetary gear having several components, wherein a first of the components is driven. A braking device has at least one brake member connected with a second of the components for rotation therewith, fricton bodies for braking the brake member by dry frictional contact, and actuating means and cooling means for the friction bodies. An actuating system is provided for the transmission and the starting unit which, in a first mode of actuation, holds the brake member fixed on a stationary structural member by means of the friction bodies during automotive operation, and in a second mode of actuation, slidingly brakes the brake member when starting the vehicle. The actuating system in the first mode of actuation briefly releases the brake member from the stationary member during the shifting process so as to suppress any shock produced during shifting.

Abstract: In a vehicle having driven and non-driven wheels and driven and non-driven shafts a brake system including wheel brakes and auxiliary drive line brakes. The auxiliary drive line brakes are designed with a heat absorbing capacity to absorb at least twice the maximum heat energy as the wheel brakes. The auxiliary drive line brakes are watercooled friction disc brakes operating without self-intensification and comprising dry friction elements. The brake system further comprises actuating means including a singular application means and separate brake circuit means for the drive line brakes and the wheel brakes.

Abstract: A fully lined disk brake has a brake housing rotatably mounted on a wheel and segmented arcuate shaped brake shoes supported in the brake housing by a fixed mounting on the wheel assembly which extends over the radially outward open end of the housing to support the brake shoes and is movable from over the open end of the housing to permit access thereto for replacing the brake shoes without dismantling the brake actuating mechanism. The invention provides brake shoes having structure associated with the mounting to support the brake shoes and brake shoe actuating mechanism which automatically adjusts the brakes for optimum operation.

Abstract: In a vehicle a drive unit adapted to drive four wheels, the wheels being driven by axle shafts. The drive unit comprises a change speed transmission with its longitudinal axis extending lengthwise to the vehicle longitudinal direction. The drive unit further comprises a transfer gear assembly connected to the output of the transmission and to two transfer shafts which extend parallel to the vehicle longitudinal direction. The drive unit further comprises differential gears driven by the transfer shafts and driving the axle shafts. A housing encloses commonly the change speed transmission, the transfer gear assembly, at least one of the transfer shafts and at least one of the differential gears. The vehicle may be equipped with a starting device attached to the drive unit and employing a brake assembly which may be watercooled.