Abstract: For continuous production of qualitatively high-grade lactose monohydrate crystals from a solution, the invention proposes the preparation of a highly concentrated solution in a falling film evaporator, from the pre-concentrated solution, which is then subjected to continuous cold crystallization with forced circulation and from which a lactose suspension is drawn off that forms the product crystals following separation of the transported solution. The product crystals are thereby obtained directly by solid/liquid separation, without further crystallization steps from the suspension that was drawn off from the cold crystallization. A portion of the mother solution separated off from the product crystals is fed back to a point prior to the inlet to the falling film evaporator, the remainder of the mother solution is discarded.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for depleting sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) from washing solutions to obtain pure sodium thiocyanate. By adding an anti-solvent such as ethanol, which acts as anti-solvent for the main part of the accompanying salts in the solution, the major part of these accompanying salts can be separated by precipitation in a crystallization and removed, for example, by filtration, whereas the NaSCN remains in the solution. After separating the anti-solvent from the remaining aqueous solution in a rectification, a very pure crystallized NaSCN is produced in a NaSCN crystallization. After washing in a counterstream washing apparatus, the obtained crystallized NaSCN product has a purity of at least 99%.

Abstract: A continuous composite sheet material is formed of a genuine wood sheet bonded by a layer of adhesive to a thermally weldable, thermoplastic synthetic resin carrier sheet. This composite sheet is especially useful as a covering for a profiled structure used in furniture construction or interior decoration.