Abstract: A process for the preparation of L-amino acids, in which the following steps are carried out,

Abstract: Isolated polynucleotide from coryneform bacteria, comprising a polynucleotide sequence chosen from the group consisting of

Abstract: The invention relates to L-lysine-producing strains of corynebacteria with enhanced pyc gene (pyruvate carboxylase gene), in which strains additional genes, chosen from the group consisting of the dapA gene (dihydrodipicolinate synthase gene), the lysC gene (aspartate kinase gene), the lysE gene (lysine export carrier gene) and the dapB gene (dihydrodipicolinate reductase gene), but especially the dapA gene, are enhanced and, in particular, over-expressed, and to a process for the preparation of L-lysine.

Abstract: The invention relates to an isolated polynucleotide comprising a polynucleotide sequence chosen from the group consisting of

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the fermentative preparation of L-amino acids using coryneform bacteria, in which the subunit carrying the biotin-carboxyl carrier protein domain and the biotin-carboxylase domain of the nucleotide sequence encoding the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase (accBC gene) is amplified, in particular is overexpressed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a genetically modified coryneform bacterium, the fadD15 gene of which is amplified, and an isolated polynucleotide which codes for acyl-CoA synthase from coryneform bacteria, and also a method for the fermentative preparation of L-amino acids with amplification of the fadD15 gene in the bacteria and the use of the polynucleotide as a primer or hybridization probe.

Abstract: The invention relates to a genetically modified coryneform bacterium, the cma gene of which is amplified, and an isolated polynucleotide which codes for cyclopropane-mycolic acid synthase from coryneform bacteria, and also a method for the fermentative preparation of L-amino acids with amplification of the cma gene in the bacteria and the use of the polynucleotide as a primer or hydridization probe.

Abstract: The invention relates to nucleotide sequences coding for the accDA gene and to a process for the preparation of L-amino acids, especially L-lysine, by fermentation using corynebacteria in which the accDA gene is amplified.

Abstract: An isolated nucleic acid that encodes glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from coryneform bacteria, variants, homologs and fragments thereof. Hybridization probes and primers, vectors and host cells comprising such sequences. Coryneform bacterium with an enhanced ability to express glycerol-3-phosphate dehyrogenase. Methods of fermentative production of L-amino acids using coryneform bacteria having enhanced expression of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of L-amino acids using coryneform bacteria, in which the glutamate dehydrogenase gene is amplified.

Abstract: The invention makes available, by means of an increased provision of intracellular metabolic intermediates, in particular of erythrose 4-phosphate, alternative processes for the microbial preparation of substances, in particular of aromatic amino acids such as L-phenylalanine, in which processes the activity of a transaldolase is increased in a microorganism producing these substances. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the activity of a transketolase or the activity of a transport protein for the PEP-independent uptake of a sugar and/or the activity of a kinase which phosporylates the relevant sugar are/is additionally increased. The invention also relates to gene structures, and to transformed cells carrying these gene structures, which make it possible to implement these processes in a particularly successful manner.

Abstract: The invention relates to L-lysine-producing strains of corynebacteria with amplified lysE gene (lysine export carrier gene), in which strains additional genes chosen from the group comprising the dapA gene (dihydrodipicolinate synthase gene), the lysC gene (aspartate kinase gene), the dapB gene (dihydrodipicolinate reductase gene) and the pyc gene, but especially the dapA gene and the lysC gene (aspartate kinase gene), are amplified and, in particular, overexpressed, and to a process for the preparation of L-lysine.

Abstract: The invention discloses three polynucleotide sequences for the fermentative production of D-pantothenic acid. These polynucleotide sequences are genes named panB, encoding a ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase, panC, encoding pantothenate synthase, and ilvD, encoding dihydroxy-acid dehydratase. The genes panB and panC are found on the same operon, panBC, while the gene ilvD is found in a separate operon. These genes can be used separately or together to enhance the production of D-pantothenic acid in microorganisms, especially in Corynebacterium.

Abstract: The invention relates to processes for the microbial production of L-isoleucine. To this end, in a gene in vitro of a threonine dehydratse, one or more bases in the gene region coding the enzyme's allosteric domains are exchanged in such a way that at least one amino acid in the amino acid sequence of the allosteric domains of the enzyme is replaced by another so that the enzyme is no longer inhibited by L-isoleucine feedback. Furthermore, concrete amino acid exchanges in the amino acid sequence of the enzyme are effected in a gene in vitro of a threonin dehydratase of Corynebacterium glutamicum by base exchange both outside and inside and outside the gene region coding the allosteric domains of the enzyme si that, after the transformation of such mutated threonine dehydratase genes into a threonine or L-isoleucine-producing host cell, the latter repeatedly forms L-isoleucine.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns a process for the microbial preparation of riboflavin by culturing riboflavin-producing microorganisms in a nutrient medium and then isolating the riboflavin which has been produced, which comprises using microorganisms in which the endogenous isocitrate lyase (ICL) activity has been altered.

Abstract: The invention concerns a DNA fragment located in front of the malate synthase gene of a coryne-form bacterium and isolated from the latter. Any structural gene which codes for a protein can be inserted after this DNA fragment. After transformation of such a construct into a coryne-form bacterium, expression of the structural gene inserted after the DNA fragment is regulated. The invention also concerns a process for synthesizing any protein by culturing a transformed coryne-form bacterium. A bacterium of this type contains in replicable form a DNA fragment isolated from the malate synthase gene of a coryne-form bacterium, and after which the structural gene which codes for the protein to be synthesized is inserted. Since expression of the structural gene which codes for the protein to be synthesized is regulated by the DNA located in front of it, the structural gene is expressed and the desired protein synthesized as soon as a suitable inducing agent is added to the medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing outer membrane proteins of gram-negative bacteria by gram-positive host cells. To this end, a gene structure containing a gene coded for an outer membrane protein is constructed; in front of this gene there is a pro-gene sequence which codes for a propeptide of an export protein of a gram-positive bacterium. In front of the pro-gene sequence there is a pre-gene sequence which codes for a signal peptide of an export protein of a gram-positive bacterium. After the cloning of a gene structure thus constructed into a vector and transformation into a gram-positive bacterium, the outer membrane protein is expressed with a signal peptide and propeptide, transported through the membrane of the gram-positive host cell and released into the test of the culture.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for preparing 5-ketogluconate, which comprises the steps of:(a) genetically modifying a microorganism capable of microbiologically producing 5-ketogluconate to increase gluconate NADP.sup.+ -5-oxidoreductase gene expression of said microorganism;(b) culturing said microorganism in a medium to produce 5-ketogluconate; and(c) recovering 5-ketogluconate from said medium.

Abstract: A method of preparing tartaric acid in which 5-ketogluconate is oxidized in a carbonate buffer at an alkaline pH preferably in the range of 8 to 10 using vanadate.

Abstract: The long-term activity of the biocatalyst for the production of sorbitol and gluconic acid from an aqueous solution of fructose and glucose is considerably improved with the aid of permeabilized cells of Zymomonas mobilis immobilized using .kappa.-carrageenan that has been rigidified and then stabilized by K.sup.+ ions. Rigidification of .kappa.-carrageenan is preferably carried out by treatment with glutaraldehyde alone or by treatment with polyethyleneimine or hexamethylenediamine and subsequent exposure to glutaraldehyde. A buffer-free solution is preferred and the pH is maintained by adding Ca.sup.++ ions while simultaneously precipitating gluconic acid.