Abstract: A management system for identifying and bio-monitoring at least one user of a vehicle. An associated personal module is configured to access personal data of a user and thereby identify the user. The management system includes: a vehicle-related module configured to access at least one vehicle component; and a communication module configured to enable an exchange of data between the personal module and the vehicle-related module, even when the personal module is outside the vehicle. The vehicle-related module is configured to make or allow at least one change to the at least one vehicle component based on the exchanged data.

Abstract: A redispersible dispersion powder comprising:a) a base polymer selected from the group consisting of vinyl ester homo- and copolymers,b) from 2 to 20% by weight, based on the overall mass of the base polymer a), of polyvinyl alcohol, said polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis of from 70 to 100 mol-% and a viscosity in a 4% aqueous solution of from 2 to 70 mPa.s,c) from 0 to 50% by weight, based on the overall mass of the components a) and b), of anticaking agent,d) from 0.

Abstract: Preparation of polyvinyl acetals which can form emulsifier- and surfactant-free aqueous dispersions and redispersible dry powders and contain copolymeric polyvinyl acetals with, in amounts sufficient to form a dispersion, comonomer units carrying sulfo salt groups which are derived from copolymeric polyvinyl alcohol (PVALs) which contained comonomer units carrying sulfonate groups in the salt form. The preparation is carried out by acetalization of the starting polyvinyl alcohols to be used with aldehydes or aldehyde acetals under acid-catalyzed acetalization conditions in an aqueous medium, emulsifier-free stable aqueous polyvinyl acetal dispersions being obtained, from which dry redispersible polyvinyl acetal powders can be obtained by spray drying or freeze drying. The polyvinyl acetals according to the invention can be plasticized by mixing in plasticizers both in their aqueous dispersion form and in the dry powder form.

Abstract: Use of copolymers based on vinyl monomers and carboxylic acid amides as a detergent additiveThe present invention relates to the use of copolymers comprising75-95% by weight of the total amount of the monomer of at least one vinyl monomer which is free from carboxyl and amide groups,5-20% by weight of at least one carboxylic acid amide of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R is a hydrogen atom or a methylol radical,R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl radical andR.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl radicaland if appropriate together with not more than 5% by weight of a copolymerizable unsaturated carboxylic acid, as a detergent additive for preventing the reabsorption of detached dyestuffs and dyestuff degradation products.

Abstract: Polyvinyl butyrals (PVBs) with improved thermal stability and improved light resistance contain as stabilizers polynuclear phenols which phenolic radicals have a quaternary carbon atom in the para-position to the phenolic hydroxyl group and if desired in combination with synergistically acting, nitrogen-containing, sulfur-containing or phosphorus-containing co-stabilizers of the types a) to d). The use of the resulting films of low yellowness as interlayer films having substantially reduced yellowing for the production of laminated glasses and glass composites of silicate glass sheets is described.

Abstract: The acetalization of polyvinyl alcohol in an acidic aqueous medium in the presence of a wetting agent yields an open-cell, solid foam when the reaction medium contains gas bubbles which are preferably produced by stirring air into the reaction mixture. By carrying out the acetalization in the presence of a nucleic acid a porous shaped article is obtained in which the cells are uniformly distributed. The dried shaped article absorbs a multiple of its weight of water. It can be used for household and industrial purposes.

Abstract: In order to protect the environment from pollution, it is desirable to keep the polyvinyl alcohol content in waste waters as low as possible. Polyvinyl alcohol may be removed from waste waters by means of microorganisms on the the one hand, and on the other according to chemical/mechanical methods by salting-out and precipitation and subsequent separation of the solids. Advantageous is the precipitation in the form of a polyvinyl alcohol/boric acid/didiol complex, especially by means of alkaline earth metal hydroxides in an alkaline medium. Calcium hydroxide is a particularly suitable alkaline earth metal hydroxide.

Abstract: Polyvinyl alcohol containing films and coatings having a reduced water solubility are prepared from polyvinyl alcohol having an ester number of at most 200 mg of KOH/g. This polyvinyl alcohol being readily soluble in water is submitted in aqueous phase to an after saponification with alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide rendering it insoluble at elevated temperature. The alkali or alkaline earth metal ions then are precipitated in the form of compounds difficultly soluble in water by additions of substances containing corresponding anions. The precipitate remains as inert filler in the suspension of polyvinyl alcohol thus prepared. The suspension is applied in form of films or coatings and dried.

Abstract: The water resistance of compositions containing polyvinyl alcohol as binder is considerably increased by incorporating therein boric acid and a buffer or a compound which on heating irreversibly reacts to render the mixture alkaline. Sodium trichloro acetate is especially suitable.

Abstract: Starch products which were hitherto used as pore-forming substances in the manufacture of polyvinyl alcohol acetal sponges are replaced by polyethylene glycol or polyacrylamide. This results in a more uniform distribution of pore size, lower shrinkage of the sponge material during the acetalization, and easier washing of the sponge after the acetalization.