Abstract: A plant carrier for cultivating plants, seedlings, seeds, or the like, has at least one layer of plant-growing material, an upper layer of natural fiber, and a lower layer of natural fiber sandwiching the plant growth layer in between, and thread means for stitching and sewing the upper and lower natural fibers layers together is improved by natural fiber layer means combining the upper and lower fiber layers along at least portions of their edges to produce a hose-like cover that is filled with said plant layer of plant growing material.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for encasing drainage pipes, using fibrous or particulate loose filler material guided onto the drainage pipe by means of a hollow screw and held there with a permeable envelope material preferably wound round with a filament. The pitch or number of threads on the screw, the height thereof and the speed at which the screw rotates determine the amount of filler material applied to the drainage pipe per unit of area. The apparatus comprises a machine consisting of a guide tube carrying an internal hollow screw, the drainage pipe being guided in the interior of the screw, the encasing envelope material being placed externally upon the said guide tube and preferably being wound around with a filament at the end of the screw.