Abstract: Head and torso first aid manikins are disclosed, along with variable flow valves for use in a head first aid manikin and first aid training systems and methods. A head manikin comprises an inlet, an outlet distinct from the inlet, and a channel allowing fluid communication between the inlet to the outlet. A variable flow valve is positionable in line with the channel. A torso manikin comprises an inflatable pouch and a fluid pressure sensor configured to detect compressions being applied to the pouch. A first aid training system comprises at least one first aid manikin comprising sensors and a computing device. A first aid training method comprises generating data from a user manipulating a first aid manikin and, in a computing device, receiving the data, comparing the data with first aid reference parameters, and displaying feedback to the user.