Abstract: The invention relates to a module (6) for producing an MRI and/or MRS reference signal (S0), characterized in that the module comprises: a first receiving input (621) for receiving of an MRI and/or MRS synchronization signal (S3), a second receiving input (612) for receiving of a time signal (S8) of external stimulation, supply means (62) for supplying of a prescribed signal (RV) representing an MRI and/or MRS virtual object (RVV), generating means for generating of the MRI and/or MRS reference signal (S0), for temporally varying the MRI and/or MRS reference signal (S0) in the same way as a time characteristic determined from the time signal (S8) of external stimulation and in synchronization with the MRI and/or MRS synchronization signal (S3), a supply output (632) for supplying of the MRI and/or MRS reference signal (S0).

Abstract: A measurement device for magnetic resonance applications includes, in a measurement case: a first sensor for measuring radiofrequency magnetic fields; a second sensor for measuring magnetic field gradients; and a third sensor for measuring the radiofrequency electric field; and a stage for converting the electric signals delivered by the different measurement sensors into light signals. The device also in a controller for controlling and processing the signals, connected to the stage for conditioning the measurement case via a beam for transmitting light signals. The controller includes a stage for converting light signals into electric signals delivered by the sensors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a module (6) for producing an MRI and/or MRS reference signal (S0), characterized in that the module comprises: a first receiving input (621) for receiving of an MRI and/or MRS synchronization signal (S3), a second receiving input (612) for receiving of a time signal (S8) of external stimulation, supply means (62) for supplying of a prescribed signal (RV) representing an MRI and/or MRS virtual object (RVV), generating means for generating of the MRI and/or MRS reference signal (S0), for temporally varying the MRI and/or MRS reference signal (S0) in the same way as a time characteristic determined from the time signal (S8) of external stimulation and in synchronization with the MRI and/or MRS synchronization signal (S3), a supply output (632) for supplying of the MRI and/or MRS reference signal (S0).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for characterizing a sample using a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrameter in which an effective field is generated. The field has an effective vector and results from a static magnetic field and a radiofrequency magnetic field. The effective vector rotates relative to a terrestrial reference frame.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measurement device for magnetic resonance applications including: in a measurement case (12): a sensor (15) for measuring radiofrequency magnetic fields, a sensor (20) for measuring magnetic field gradients, a sensor (40) for measuring the radiofrequency electric field, a stage for converting the electric signals delivered by the different measurement sensors into light signals, a unit for controlling and processing the signals, connected to the stage for conditioning the measurement case (12) via a beam for transmitting light signals (13), this unit including a stage for converting light signals into electric signals delivered by the sensors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for characterizing a sample (2) by means of a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer in which an effective field (Beff) is generated, wherein said field has an effective vector (I) and results from a static magnetic field (B0) and a radiofrequency magnetic field (B1), characterized in that the effective vector (I) rotates relative to a terrestrial reference frame. The invention also relates to an apparatus (1) for implementing the method.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for determining the optical characteristics of cosmetic substances are disclosed. The method includes illuminating the surface of the substance with an incident light beam so as to form a back-scatter spot, obtaining an image of the back-scatter spot, and analyzing the variations in brightness of the image at a number of points so as to determine the optical characteristic in question.

Abstract: The universal connector/receiver device for a nuclear magnetic resonance imager (1) of the invention is provided with at least one radiofrequency transmitter coil (5) and with at least one standard radiofrequency receiver coil (6). According to the invention, the device comprises at least one independent radiofrequency receiver coil (14) adapted to the shape and/or size of an item to be investigated, for the purpose of transforming an electromagnetic signal induced by nuclear magnetic resonance into an electrical signal, said independent radiofrequency receiver coil (14) being connected to a receiver coupling loop (20) serving to provide magnetic coupling with the standard radiofrequency receiver coil (6).

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for determining the optical characteristics of cosmetic substances are disclosed. The method includes illuminating the surface of the substance with an incident light beam so as to form a back-scatter spot, obtaining an image of the back-scatter spot, and analyzing the variations in brightness of the image at a number of points so as to determine the optical characteristic in question.

Abstract: A device for examining by nuclear magnetic resonance a volume having small depth, including means for creating a static homogeneous magnetic field B.sub.0 in which a volume to be examine is positioned, a system for creating magnetic field gradients in three directions of space, and a radio frequency transmission/reception system. The means for creating the static magnetic field B.sub.0, the field gradient system, and the radio frequency transmission/reception system are situated on a same side of an open surface, while the volume to be examined is situated on the other side of the surface. The device can be applied to magnetic resonance imaging.

Abstract: The apparatus (1) is constituted by: device (3) for creating a homogeneous main magnetic static field (HO) orientated along a determined direction (Oz) in which static field there is placed the body (2) to be examined; devices for creating magnetic field gradients in a space of the body to be examined along three directions of the space; radio frequency excitation device (E) and a device (R) for the detection of the nuclear magnetic resonance signals produced by the body to be examined.

Abstract: In a system for obtaining images on the principle of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of nuclei contained in the human body, two symmetrical coils constituting an electromagnet are spaced apart so that a patient's body can be placed transversely with respect to the axis of revolution of the electromagnet. A set of NMR coils for producing a high-frequency magnetic field at right angles to the field of the electromagnet comprises at least one solenoid coil placed around the part of the body to be examined. This novel configuration achieves enhanced sensitivity and reduces exposure times by a factor greater than 2 with respect to conventional saddle-type NMR coil systems.

Abstract: The magnet essentially comprises at least three pairs of coaxial coils in order to increase the number of available parameters, to reduce the non-uniformity B.sub.d, to provide an examination volume with a double access consisting of a longitudinal access along the axis of revolution Oz and of a transverse access parallel to the plane of symmetry, to minimize the overall size as well as the dissipated electric power. The nine principal characteristic parameters of the coils are chosen so as to optimize the uniformity of the magnetic field within the examination volume.