Abstract: The invention relates to a bar-shaped magnetron-sputter cathode arrangement having an internal, cooled permanent magnet system and a carrier tube for the target. It is provided according to the invention that at least one thermal contact layer (38) is disposed between the carrier tube (36) and the target, which consists of one or more ring(s) (37, 37', 37") shrunk, especially interchangeably, onto the carrier tube (36). During sputtering the cathode (6) and the surface to be sputtered can be subjected to a mutual relative motion in the longitudinal direction of the cathode (6), for which purpose an adjusting element is provided. The magnets (31) are disposed inside the carrier tube (36) with the magnetic fields having alternately opposing directions in the longitudinal direction of the carrier tube (36). They possess cylindrical or polygonal lateral surfaces and end faces (44) which are parallel and slope at an angle (.alpha.) to the longitudinal direction of the electrode (6) or shaft (30).

Abstract: A micro hardness testing device (durometer) comprises a permanent magnet having a plunger. A spring arrangement has at least one strain gauge that provides a signal on bending of the spring arrangement. The spring arrangement is carried by the plunger. A penetration body is loadable via the spring arrangement, and the plunger is connected to a current supply. The strain gauge signal is converted to an electrical signal as a measuring signal for the force applied to the penetration body. The measuring signal is supplied to an evaluation unit. The plunger, the permanent magnet and the spring arrangement are enclosed by a housing adapted for insertion into a revolvable nose piece of a microscope. The housing approximates the shape and dimensions of an objective insert for the microscope. The penetration body is adjustable in an optical axis of the microscope.

Abstract: The invention relates to a micro hardness tester (durometer) having a penetration body such as a point or the like penetrating into a sample under load. An electrical means is provided for loading the penetration body and the bearing force of the penetration body is convertible into electrical signals for the purpose of measuring said force. The invention is characterized in that the penetration body is fixed to an arm or spring arranged on a mounting element which spring or arm also carries at least one strain gauge or a micro dynamometer cell for measuring the bearing force of the penetration body.