Abstract: A piezoelectric element is formed by stacking piezoelectric layers and internal electrode layers. The internal electrode layers are positive and negative electrode layers. The positive electrode layers are first and second positive electrode layers. The negative electrode layers are first and second negative electrode layers. Each of the first positive and negative electrode layers includes four divided electrodes and a connecting electrode for connecting a pair of the four divided electrodes formed on diagonally opposite two areas along a first diagonal direction on a principle surface of the associated one of the piezoelectric layers. Each of the second positive and negative electrode layers includes four divided electrodes and a connecting electrode for connecting a pair of the four divided electrodes formed on diagonally opposite two areas along a second diagonal direction on a principle surface of the associated one of the piezoelectric layers.

Abstract: A drive unit includes a guide, a stage which is movable relative to the guide, an ultrasonic actuator for moving the movable body and a control unit for controlling the ultrasonic actuator. The ultrasonic actuator includes a driver element in contact with the stage and is fixed to the guide. A surface of the stage in contact with the driver element is an undulating surface. The control unit detects the position of the stage based on a change in contact pressure on the driver element due to the undulating surface.

Abstract: A drive unit includes a control unit for controlling an ultrasonic actuator. The control unit performs switching between a normal operation mode in which the piezoelectric element unit vibrates at a frequency close to a resonance frequency of longitudinal vibration in the lengthwise direction of the piezoelectric element unit and a resonance frequency of bending vibration to let the ultrasonic actuator output a driving force and a heating mode in which the piezoelectric element unit vibrates at a frequency close to a resonance frequency of longitudinal vibration in the thickness direction of the piezoelectric element unit to heat the piezoelectric element.

Abstract: A clogging detector used for a VTR to check the recording state of a recording head without using the reproducing head. A test signal of a lower frequency than the erasing frequency is recorded before and after an information signal by means of an erasing head. Before and after recording the information signal by means of the recording head, the test signal is reproduced, the reproduction output is detected by a detecting circuit, and the level of the output is compared with a preset level by a comparing circuit. When the level is lower than the preset level, a warming is issued from a warming circuit, thus preventing a recording failure due to the clogging of the head.

Abstract: A head base has at least one head chip fixed thereto. A position of the head chip is adjusted to a predetermined position by applying a laser beam to the head base to cause plastic deformation of the head base. Appropriate laser radiation conditions are set depending upon a necessary amount of positional adjustment of the head chip fixed to the head base.

Abstract: A magnetic recording/reproducing apparatus is provided in which among diametrically oppositely disposed heads, a recording head and an erasing head of a same channel are disposed adjacently to each other. The recording head is disposed so as to precede by two tracks the erasing head with respect to a direction of cylinder rotation, when insert-editing, using a reproduced signal obtained by the recording head, erase and record timing setting and head tracking are performed and an erasing current is not applied during the reproduction by the recording head. The reproducing heads are disposed so as to be angularly apart by about 90 degrees from the recording and erasing heads, and a rotary transformer for reproduction is applied with a shield measure and then, formed as a core independently at an upper portion of the cylinder. In addition, more narrow tracks are compatibly reproduced by the recording head.

Abstract: In the magnetic recording medium, the non-magnetic substrate has at least one under-coat layer including the flake powder of non-magnetic material on its surface, thereby splendid property of running durability and electromagnetic transducing characteristics is achieved in spite of thinning the total thickness of the magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: A head height adjustment method is for adjusting the height of a magnetic head chip fixed to a free end of an elongated head base extending from a rotary drum. The elongated head base has an intermediate portion bent at first and second restricted areas. A laser beam is emitted on one surface of the elongated head base for bending the elongated head base at the first restricted area to enfold along the first restricted area. Another laser beam is emitted on another surface of the elongated head base, off alignment from said first restricted area, for bending the elongated head base at the second restricted area to enfold along the second restricted area. Thus, opposite end portions of the elongated head base extend parallel to each other, but at different levels.

Abstract: A head base has at least one head chip fixed thereto. A position of the head chip is adjusted to a predetermined position by applying a laser beam to the head base to cause plastic deformation of the head base. Appropriate laser radiation conditions are set depending upon a necessary amount of positional adjustment of the head chip fixed to the head base.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording and/or reproducing apparatus, it is necessary to adjust the height of each of a plurality of magnetic heads carried by a rotary cylinder for movement together therewith. This adjustment is accomplished by rotating an optical axis of a laser beam emitted from a laser oscillator in synchronism with the rotary cylinder so that the optical axis is always maintained stationary relative to the magnetic head. The laser beam is subsequently irradiated to a head base in the proximity of a head chip secured to the head base, thereby adjusting the head height during rotation of the rotary cylinder.

Abstract: A head base has at least one head chip fixed thereto. A position of the head chip is adjusted to a predetermined position by applying a laser beam to the head base to cause plastic deformation of the head base. Appropriate laser radiation conditions are set depending upon a necessary amount of positional adjustment of the head chip fixed to the head base.

Abstract: A magnetic head device includes a rotary cylinder and a magnetic head having one end fixed to an inner portion of one surface of the rotary cylinder such that the magnetic head extends from the inner portion toward the outer circumference of the rotary cylinder in alignment with a radius thereof. The head tip is provided on another end of magnetic head. A laser beam is impinged on the base plate at a portion within a range from 2 mm to (5.times.T1/2)mm from the outer edge of head tip where T is a thickness of the bass plate. The portion on which the beam impinged is heated and melts causing the base plate to incline in a vertical direction which is parallel to an axis the rotary cylinder. Thus, the head tip is positioned at a required horizontal level which is perpendicular to the axis of the rotary cylinder.

Abstract: An azimuth adjusting method for a magnetic head, which includes the steps of forming first and second depressions respectively on a main surface and a reverse surface of the main surface of a magnetic head base for a magnetic head including a magnetic head chip and the magnetic head base so as to reduce thickness of the magnetic head base, projecting heat rays to the first depression to obtain a displacement in a direction opposite to the projecting direction, also projecting the heat rays to a flat plane portion at a bottom of the second depression which is laterally neighboring the first depression so as to effect the azimuth adjustment of the magnetic head, with a reduced thickness of the magnetic head base in a direction of depth for the projection of heat rays due to formation of the depression at the reverse face side of the projection, and also effecting the azimuth angle adjustment in the reverse direction by laterally exchanging the first and second depressions for the projection of heat rays.

Abstract: A floating magnetic head including a slider and a recording and reproducing core fixed to the slider by glass. The core is formed from a magnetic alloy of iron, aluminum and silicon, and has an oxide film formed on each surface thereof contacting the glass.

Abstract: A magnetic recording/reproducing apparatus is provided in which among diametrically oppositely disposed heads, a recording head and an erasing head of a same channel are disposed adjacently to each other. The recording head is disposed so as to precede by two tracks the erasing head with respect to a direction of cylinder rotation, when insert-editing, using a reproduced signal obtained by the recording head, erase and record timing setting and head tracking are performed and an erasing current is not applied during the reproduction by the recording head. The reproducing heads are disposed so as to be angularly apart by about 90 degrees from the recording and erasing heads, and a rotary transformer for reproduction is applied with a shield measure and then, formed as a core independently at an upper portion of the cylinder. In addition, more narrow tracks are compatibly reproduced by the recording head.