Abstract: An electrolyte sheet for solid oxide fuel cells that includes a ceramic plate body having a warpage height of not more than 300 ?m, wherein a maximum value among values of 100×Q/LX, 100×R/LY, and 100×S/LX is not greater than 1, where Q is a maximum difference between a second side D2 and a second virtual straight line V2 in an X coordinate, R is a maximum difference between a third side D3 and a third virtual straight line V3 in a Y coordinate, S is a maximum difference between a fourth side D4 and a fourth virtual straight line V4 in the X coordinate, LX is a length of a virtual rectangle in an X-axis direction, and Ly is a length of the virtual rectangle in a Y-axis direction.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte fuel battery having a fuel gas supply channel that is composed of a first anode gas supply channel part, at least a part of an inner wall surface of which is a fuel electrode layer, and a second anode gas supply channel part; and an air supply channel that is composed of a first cathode gas supply channel part, at least a part of an inner wall surface of which is an air electrode layer, and a second cathode gas supply channel part. The cross-section area of the first anode gas supply channel part is larger than the cross-section area of at least a portion of the second anode gas supply channel part. The cross-section area of the first cathode gas supply channel part is larger than the cross-section area of at least a portion of the second cathode gas supply channel part.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic fuel battery having a battery structure part that includes a plurality of cells each composed of fuel electrode layers, a solid electrolytic layer, and air electrode layers. A cell separation part is arranged between the plurality of cells, and formed of a material containing ceramics. A gas supply path structure part has fuel gas supply paths to supply a fuel gas to each cell, and an air supply path to supply air to each cell. The air supply path is arranged in an inside of the battery structure part.

Abstract: A ceramic substrate for an electrochemical element that includes a ceramic layer and a high-thermal-expansion-coefficient material layer that is laminated on the surface of the ceramic layer. The high-thermal-expansion-coefficient material layer has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than the ceramic layer, and applies compressive stress to the ceramic layer.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell that includes a power generation film including first and second electrode layers and a solid oxide electrolyte layer; first and second bases that define first and second gas flow channels; and a via-hole conductor unit connected to the first electrode layer. The via-hole conductor unit has a first via-hole conductor with a first end surface and a second via-hole conductor with a second end surface. The first end surface of the first via-hole conductor is in contact with the second end surface of the second via-hole conductor. A boundary part is between an outer peripheral edge of the first end surface of the first via-hole conductor and a part of the first base adjacent the outer peripheral edge are in contact with the second end surface 9a of the second via-hole conductor 9.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an IP phone network system is a system where an IP exchange accommodating a plurality of IP devices and providing communication services thereto is connected through a network to a server device forming a virtual machine. In accordance with extension of a resource capacity for the IP exchange, resources necessary for providing the communication services to the IP exchange are clustered, and part or all of the clustered resources is allocated to the virtual machine in the server device.

Abstract: A ceramic substrate for an electrochemical element that includes a ceramic layer and a high-thermal-expansion-coefficient material layer that is laminated on the surface of the ceramic layer. The high-thermal-expansion-coefficient material layer has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than the ceramic layer, and applies compressive stress to the ceramic layer.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic fuel battery having a battery structure part that includes a plurality of cells each composed of fuel electrode layers, a solid electrolytic layer, and air electrode layers. A cell separation part is arranged between the plurality of cells, and formed of a material containing ceramics. A gas supply path structure part has fuel gas supply paths to supply a fuel gas to each cell, and an air supply path to supply air to each cell. The air supply path is arranged in an inside of the battery structure part.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte fuel battery having a fuel gas supply channel that is composed of a first anode gas supply channel part, at least a part of an inner wall surface of which is a fuel electrode layer, and a second anode gas supply channel part; and an air supply channel that is composed of a first cathode gas supply channel part, at least a part of an inner wall surface of which is an air electrode layer, and a second cathode gas supply channel part. The cross-section area of the first anode gas supply channel part is larger than the cross-section area of at least a portion of the second anode gas supply channel part. The cross-section area of the first cathode gas supply channel part is larger than the cross-section area of at least a portion of the second cathode gas supply channel part.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a method of changing a terminal accommodation destination, which is used in a server apparatus including a plurality of resources and connected to a plurality of exchanges via a communication network, the plurality of exchanges performing an exchange service associated with a call connection among a plurality of communication terminals. In the method, a failure of at least one of the plurality of exchanges is detected and, when a failed exchange is detected, an accommodation destination of a communication terminal accommodated in the failed exchange is changed to the server apparatus in accordance with a usage state of the plurality of resources.

Abstract: Provided is a solid oxide fuel cell capable of achieving high power generation efficiency. A first separator is arranged on an oxidant gas electrode. In the first separator, an oxidant gas channel for supplying an oxidant gas to the oxidant gas electrode is formed. A second separator body is arranged on a fuel electrode In the second separator, a fuel gas channel for supplying a fuel gas to the fuel electrode is formed. The first separator is configured such that the width of the oxidant gas channel decreases stepwise or continuously with distance from the oxidant gas electrode. The second separator is configured such that the width of the fuel gas channel decreases stepwise or continuously with distance from the fuel electrode.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a telephone exchange apparatus includes a plurality of processors whose connect communication lines differing in communication protocol from one another, a memory which stores a plurality of items of protocol unique information to process communication signals corresponding to the plurality of processors, a communication controller which is connected to the plurality of processors via control buses with smaller transmission capacities than those of the plurality of communication lines and reads the corresponding-protocol unique information from the memory based on notified protocol identification information and makes the corresponding processor execute signal processing by the protocol unique information, and a call controller which notifies protocol identification information corresponding to a communication line to be added to the communication controller, when a setting request for a call is issued.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a telephone system includes an exchange apparatus and a media server. The exchange apparatus include a detector and a controller. The detector detects an amount of resources remaining in the media server of the node including the exchange apparatus. The controller transmits a tone signal to a telephone terminal of a calling node from the resources available in the media server of the node including the exchange apparatus, which is a called node, in response to a call connection request made from the calling node to the exchange apparatus if the amount of resources remaining in the media server of the called node exceeds a prescribed threshold value.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a main apparatus includes a transmitter which transmits a control signal necessary for notifying the communication connection to a first telephone terminal belonging to the group and a second telephone terminal belonging to the group, when the first telephone terminal establishes communication connection by using the line, a monitoring module configured to monitor congestion of at least an own apparatus, and a controller which controls execution and stoppage of transmission processing of the control signal to the second telephone terminal carried out by the transmitter based on a result of congestion monitoring carried out by the monitoring module.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a main apparatus includes a memory configured to store a priority information table showing correspondence relationships among the terminals or lines and priority of the use bandwidth on the communication network, a monitor module configured to monitor a use bandwidth on the communication network, and a controller configured to refer to priority corresponding to terminals or lines to be subjects of session establishment from the priority information table in session establishment, and allocate use bandwidth after the session establishment based on a reference result of the table and a monitor result from the monitor module.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a main apparatus includes a transmitter which transmits a control signal necessary for notifying the communication connection to a first telephone terminal belonging to the group and a second telephone terminal belonging to the group, when the first telephone terminal establishes communication connection by using the line, a monitoring module configured to monitor congestion of at least an own apparatus, and a controller which controls execution and stoppage of transmission processing of the control signal to the second telephone terminal carried out by the transmitter based on a result of congestion monitoring carried out by the monitoring module.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an interface apparatus includes a register which registers each connection ID of the plurality of communication terminals registered in a registration table of the main apparatus in a registration server on the SIP network at a predetermined registration cycle, a connector which connects among the plurality of communication terminals and the SIP network, to make communication among the plurality of communication terminals registered by the resister and the SIP network, a detector which detects a failure regarding the communication in a state where communication is made with the registration server, and a controller which makes communication with the registration server at a recovery cycle that is shorter than the registration cycle, to recover connection to the registration server, when the failure is detected.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a telephone exchange apparatus includes a plurality of processors whose connect communication lines differing in communication protocol from one another, a memory which stores a plurality of items of protocol unique information to process communication signals corresponding to the plurality of processors, a communication controller which is connected to the plurality of processors via control buses with smaller transmission capacities than those of the plurality of communication lines and reads the corresponding-protocol unique information from the memory based on notified protocol identification information and makes the corresponding processor execute signal processing by the protocol unique information, and a call controller which notifies protocol identification information corresponding to a communication line to be added to the communication controller, when a setting request for a call is issued.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a telephone exchange system includes a telephone exchange apparatus which accommodates a plurality of telephone terminals and is configured to connect a public network, a server apparatus which is connected to the telephone exchange apparatus and provides a service to execute at least a part of functions regarding exchange processing of the telephone exchange apparatus to telephone terminals on the public network, and a connector which conference-connects among a first telephone terminal to be an outgoing call origin, a second telephone terminal to be an incoming call destination and the server apparatus, when an incoming call arrives at the telephone exchange apparatus and it is determined that an incoming call destination is any one of the telephone terminals on the public network.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a telephone management system includes a telephone exchange apparatus, a management apparatus, and transmission paths which each connect between the telephone exchange apparatus and the management apparatus, the telephone exchange apparatus includes a memory which stores log files, a reader which reads log files to be stored in the memory of the corresponding line interface unit based on connection IDs included in an acquisition request, and a file transmitter which notifies the port IDs included in the acquisition request to the firewall/router, and transmits the log files to the management apparatus via the ports, the management apparatus includes a request transmitter which transmits the acquisition request to the telephone exchange apparatus in response to an instruction input, and a receiver which receives the log files transmitted from the telephone exchange apparatus via the transmission paths in response to the transmission of the acquisition request.