Abstract: According to one embodiment, a apparatus includes a controller configured to obtain values measured by a first sensor and a second sensor, receive pH target values at the entrance of a first reverse osmosis membrane and at the entrance of a second reverse osmosis membrane, and use a transfer function from the acid injection to pH at the entrance of the first reverse osmosis membrane, a transfer function from the alkaline injection to pH at the entrance of the first reverse osmosis membrane, a transfer function from the acid injection to pH at the entrance of the second reverse osmosis membrane, and a transfer function from the alkaline injection to pH at the entrance of the second reverse osmosis membrane, to control an injection rate of the acid injected from a first injection device and an injection rate of the alkali injected from a second injection device.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a membrane filtration system includes a raw water tank, a pretreatment membrane module, a raw water feed line, a high-pressure RO membrane module, a high-pressure line, a preceding power recovery unit which pressurize the pretreated water by transmitting the pressure of the concentrate to the pretreated water, a succeeding power recovery unit which pressurize the raw water by transmitting a remaining pressure of the concentrate to the raw water, a concentrate discharge line, a first pressure transmission line communicating to the power recovery unit by being branched from the high-pressure line, a second pressure transmission line communicating to the power recovery unit by being branched from the raw water feed line, and a valve provided in the drain line to regulate a discharge of the concentrate from the power recovery unit in accordance with a pressure loss in the pretreatment membrane module.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a seawater desalination apparatus includes a pressure sensor configured to measure a pressure of seawater which is supplied to a reverse osmosis membrane that is configured to separate seawater into fresh water and condensed seawater and to discharge the fresh water and the condensed seawater, a sensor configured to measure a flow amount of the fresh water which is discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane, a sensor configured to measure a flow amount of the condensed seawater discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane or a flow amount of the seawater discharged from a booster pump, a sensor configured to measure a flow amount of the seawater which is supplied to a power recovery device, and a controller configured to execute control based on values measured by the sensors.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a power recovery apparatus used in a desalination apparatus including a reverse osmosis membrane which extracts fresh water from seawater and ejects concentrated water includes a pressure conversion section and a seawater supply section to collect energy of the concentrated water. The pressure conversion section includes a movable part dividing inside of the conversion section into first and second spaces, moves the movable part by causing the first space to receive the concentrated water, and pushes out seawater filled in the second space by the movable part to output the seawater. The seawater supply section merges the seawater from the pressure conversion section with the seawater supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a membrane filtration system includes a raw water tank, a first tank, a second tank, a nanofiltration membrane module comprises a nanofiltration membrane, and removes the solute from the raw water with a solute removal rate of 1% to 30%, a first pump for supplying the raw water from the raw water tank to the module to cause the raw water to permeate through the membrane and send the water that has permeated through the membrane as a primary water to the first tank, a RO module comprises a RO membrane that further removes the solute from the primary water, and a second pump for supplying the primary water from the first tank to the RO module to cause the primary water to permeate through the membrane and send the water that has permeated through the membrane as a secondary water to the second tank.

Abstract: There is provided a color filter which can be manufactured by a simplified process and which will not short-circuit an electrode of a TFT substrate. The color filter includes a substrate, and a red layer, a green layer and a blue layer, formed on the substrate. When forming the green layer and the blue layer, these layers are not only formed on the substrate, but also laminated on the red layer to form a spacer comprised of the green layer and the blue layer, laminated on the red layer. The color filter further includes a transparent electrode layer which covers the substrate, the red layer, the green layer, the blue layer and the spacer, and an insulating black matrix layer formed on predetermined areas of the transparent electrode layer.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a receiving mechanism configured to receive a request, from at least one different image processing apparatus connected via a network, for transmission of a codestream generated in a way such that image data is divided into at least one region, each region being hierarchically compressed and stored in the image processing apparatus, a decomposing mechanism configured to decompose a codestream and retrieve the codestream in a component unit, an extracting mechanism configured to extract a target region from the codestream, a primary priority assigning mechanism configured to assign priority to the target region extracted by the extracting mechanism, and a primary transmitting mechanism configured for transmission of the codestream, decomposed in a component unit corresponding to the target region, to the different image processing apparatus requesting transmission of the codestream based on the priority assigned by the primary priority assigning mechanism.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus can display a hint screen or a help screen on a display unit to explain the way of operation to be executed by the apparatus. A hint controlling unit generates a HTML file of the hint screen corresponds to each screen based on weighting of each manual upon calculation of weight of each manual. A screen controlling unit displays manuals in the order of weighting based on the HTML file generated in the hint controlling unit while the character size is varied depending on the weighting to display. This allows a user to easily select a manual that is more likely to contain information that the user want to refer.

Abstract: An image processing method is disclosed that is capable of efficient information extraction when embedding information in an image by using plural information embedding methods. The image processing method includes steps of embedding target information in the image by using one or more methods selected from plural information embedding methods; and embedding identification information in the image for identifying the selected one or more methods. The identification information is embedded in a method allowing an amount of the embedded information to be less than an amount of the embedded information in each of the selected one or more methods.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a pigment dispersion composition for a color filter having the excellent pigment dispersing property and dispersion stability, good developing property and reactivity, and an extremely small residue generation amount after development, a production method capable of stably producing such a pigment dispersion composition, and a color filter for a display having a high transmittance and a low light scattering property. A pigment dispersion composition for a color filter containing at least a pigment, a pigment dispersing agent, a binder resin, a reactive compound, and a solvent, wherein the binder resin is a compound having a pigment adsorbing block containing a pigment adsorbing group and not containing a reactive group, and a reactive block containing a reactive group and not containing a pigment adsorbing group, is provided.

Abstract: A technique is disclosed to detect a specified mark that has been rotated by an unknown number of degrees. To make the detection efficient, the dictionary stores the specified marks in predetermined formats including the coordinate conversion table and the polar coordinate image. Furthermore, the coordinate conversion table includes the central distance D scale value indicative of a distance between a center of each of the pixels and a center of the dictionary image in the predetermined XY coordinate and the central rotation direction F scale value indicative of a degree of rotation of the dictionary image.

Abstract: Disclosed are a fine-pitch and lightweight optical sheet and a production process which can produce the optical sheet very easily at low cost. The optical sheet comprises an optical function layer formed of a thermoplastic resin. The optical function layer has been formed by shaping the surface of the thermoplastic resin into cylindrical lenses, and the pitch of the shaped cylindrical lenses is not more than 150 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a pigment dispersion composition for a color filter having the excellent pigment dispersing property and dispersion stability, good developing property and reactivity, and an extremely small residue generation amount after development, a production method capable of stably producing such a pigment dispersion composition, and a color filter for a display having a high transmittance and a low light scattering property. A pigment dispersion composition for a color filter containing at least a pigment, a pigment dispersing agent, a binder resin, a reactive compound, and a solvent, wherein the binder resin is a compound having a pigment adsorbing block containing a pigment adsorbing group and not containing a reactive group, and a reactive block containing a reactive group and not containing a pigment adsorbing group, is provided.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a pigment dispersion composition for a color filter having the excellent pigment dispersing property and dispersion stability, good developing property and reactivity, and an extremely small residue generation amount after development, a production method capable of stably producing such a pigment dispersion composition, and a color filter for a display having a high transmittance and a low light scattering property. A pigment dispersion composition for a color filter containing at least a pigment, a pigment dispersing agent, a binder resin, a reactive compound, and a solvent, wherein the binder resin is a compound having a pigment adsorbing block containing a pigment adsorbing group and not containing a reactive group, and a reactive block containing a reactive group and not containing a pigment adsorbing group, is provided.

Abstract: There are provided a data recording medium, a reading device for reading the data recording medium, a recording device for reading the data recording medium and recording data to other media, and methods thereof able to prevent forgery without comparing visible information and data stored in a built-in electronic circuit chip. The reading device is for reading a data recording medium including a sheet portion visibly printed with an image and a data storage unit recorded with control data.

Abstract: The present specific document determining apparatus according to the present invention comprises a microwave sensor for irradiating a microwave to and scanning a document, detecting a reflected portion of the irradiated microwave, outputting a first detection signal, again irradiating a microwave and scanning the document after the document is placed on a contact glass, detecting a reflected portion of the irradiated microwave, and outputting a second detection signal; a signal processing section for using the first detection signal as a reference signal and comparing a level of the reference signal to a level of the second detection signal to make determination as to whether metallic fiber is included in the document or not, and a controller for making determination as to whether the document is a specific one or not according to a result of determination by the signal processing section.

Abstract: The present specific document determining apparatus according to the present invention comprises a microwave sensor for irradiating a microwave to and scanning a document, detecting a reflected portion of the irradiated microwave, outputting a first detection signal, again irradiating a microwave and scanning the document after the document is placed on a contact glass, detecting a reflected portion of the irradiated microwave, and outputting a second detection signal; a signal processing section for using the first detection signal as a reference signal and comparing a level of the reference signal to a level of the second detection signal to make determination as to whether metallic fiber is included in the document or not, and a controller for making determination as to whether the document is a specific one or not according to a result of determination by the signal processing section.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a receiving mechanism configured to receive a request, from at least one different image processing apparatus connected via a network, for transmission of a codestream generated in a way such that image data is divided into at least one region, each region being hierarchically compressed and stored in the image processing apparatus, a decomposing mechanism configured to decompose a codestream and retrieve the codestream in a component unit, an extracting mechanism configured to extract a target region from the codestream, a primary priority assigning mechanism configured to assign priority to the target region extracted by the extracting mechanism, and a primary transmitting mechanism configured for transmission of the codestream, decomposed in a component unit corresponding to the target region, to the different image processing apparatus requesting transmission of the codestream based on the priority assigned by the primary priority assigning mechanism.

Abstract: Disclosed are a fine-pitch and lightweight optical sheet and a production process which can produce the optical sheet very easily at low cost. The optical sheet comprises an optical function layer formed of a thermoplastic resin. The optical function layer has been formed by shaping the surface of the thermoplastic resin into cylindrical lenses, and the pitch of the shaped cylindrical lenses is not more than 150 ?m.

Abstract: An image detecting method comprises the steps of: a) searching for a pattern satisfying a predetermined commencement requirement by scanning an input image; b) using the pattern as a starting point, with referring to a dictionary storing therein distances between the center line and an edge of a detection target semicircle, determining for each of a predetermined number of main scan lines along a sub-scan direction whether or not a predetermined edge pattern occurs within a respective range of the distance of the dictionary; and c) determining a detection of the semicircle when the number of error lines on which the predetermined edge pattern does not occur within the respective range of the distance of the dictionary is less than a predetermined threshold.