Abstract: A method is disclosed for preparation of amine functionalized copolymers by reacting copolymers of alkyl methacrylate and maleic anhydride with N-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine in mineral oil and inert atmosphere at 40 to 75.degree. C. The copolymers are useful viscosity index improvers when incorporated into lubricating oils.

Abstract: Disclosed are a viscosity index improver which comprises a copolymer (A) consisting essentially of an alkyl methacrylate (a1), and one or more monomers (a2) selected from the group of conjugated dienes, acetylene, substituted acetylene, alkyl vinyl ethers and alkyl allyl ethers; an engine lubricant composition comprising said viscosity index improver and base oil; and a concentrate comprising an increased amount of said viscosity index improver and base oil. The viscosity index improver gives reduced amounts of coked products, while improving the fuel-related performance characteristics of cars that use the engine lubricant composition comprising the improver.

Abstract: A viscosity index improver, comprising an oil-soluble copolymer (A) having 20-70% by weight of alkyl acrylate units and 30-80% by weight of alkyl methacrylate units, and a viscosity index improver, comprising 20-80% by weight of an oil-soluble alkyl acrylate (co)polymer (A1) and 20-80% by weight of an oil-soluble methacrylate (co)polymer (A2), are capable of reducing high-temperature high-shear viscosity, particularly isoparaffin-containing high viscosity index oil, and provide luburicating oils useful as engine oil, gear lubricant and so on.

Abstract: There are disclosed a viscosity index improver comprising a polymer containing at least 70% by weight of structural units of an alkyl (meth)acryrate monomer containing not more than 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and a lubrication oil, comprising said improver added to a lubrication base oll selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, MLDW oils, iso-paraffin-containing high viscosity index oils, synthetic hydrocarbon lubricating oils, synthetic ester lubricating oils, and mixture of two or more of these. The improver exhibits improved low-temperature viscosity characteristics and oxidation resistance, as compared with conventional methacrylate polymer viscosity index improvers. It gives extremely low viscosity at -40.degree. C., particularly when used in high viscosity index oils. Besides, when used in conjunction with a molybdenum-containing FM agent, it has a characteristic of providing low friction coefficient even after oxidative degradation.

Abstract: A method for the geometry independent planarization of dielectric films on integrated circuits is disclosed.The method comprises forming the dielectric film, forming a polymer layer which polymer has the viscosity of 5,000 cps or less at 200.degree. C., reducing the viscosity of the polymer under baking to create a planar surface, hardening the polymer by the radiation or the electric beam and etching said polymer layer to transfer the planar surface to said dielectric film.