Abstract: A conductive layer structure includes a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer that is electrically coupled to the first conductive layer with an adhesion layer interposed. The adhesion layer has conductivity and has a higher adhesiveness to each of the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer than adhesiveness between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. The second conductive layer is less likely to deteriorate than the adhesion layer, and covers an end surface and an upper surface of the adhesion layer while covering a portion of the first conductive layer.

Abstract: A surface-emitting semiconductor laser includes a first emission region that outputs first light, and a second emission region that is provided separately from the first emission region, includes a phase shift section, and outputs second light. A far field pattern of the first light and a far field pattern of the second light are different from each other.

Abstract: A small and thin, light-emitting-element mounting package is provided, in which light emitting elements may by independently controlled despite a side view type package, and a light emitting device using the package is provided. The light-emitting-element mounting package includes a lead frame. The lead frame has at least one set of a structure including a lower conductor layer, an insulating layer and an upper conductor layer in this order, and a mounting area exposed on a surface of the lower conductor layer.

Abstract: An optical module includes an optical waveguide including a plurality of waveguide cores through which light propagates, a clad configured to trap the light in the waveguide cores, a plurality of fiber guide grooves in which optical fibers are inserted, the fiber guide grooves being arranged in parallel, and an adhesive spread groove configured to connect the fiber guide grooves and provided at leading ends of the fiber guide grooves with which the optical fibers contact; and a fixing member fixed to the optical waveguide with an adhesive while covering the fiber guide grooves. The fiber guide grooves have side walls including support projections configured to support, align, and optical couple the optical fibers to the waveguide cores, and adhesive recesses configured to define gaps between outer peripheral surfaces of the optical fibers and the fiber guide grooves so that the adhesive spreads in the gaps.

Abstract: An optical module includes an optical waveguide including a waveguide core through which light propagates and a clad configured to trap the light in the waveguide core, and a circuit board on which a surface-type optical element is mounted. The optical waveguide further includes a reflective surface from which an end face of the waveguide core is exposed, the reflective surface being provided on an inclined face at one end face of the optical waveguide core in an extending direction of the waveguide core, and an element mount opening provided in the clad such as to be opposite from the reflective surface, the element mount opening having a size such as to contain the optical element. The optical waveguide is mounted on the circuit board while the optical element is contained in the element mount opening and is aligned with the reflective surface of the optical waveguide.

Abstract: The effective efficiency of a centrifugal compressor can be improved by achieving a uniform distribution of fluid velocity across the outlet end of a fluid passage of an axial diffuser for the centrifugal compressor and a high static pressure recovery ratio Cp in the axial diffuser passage. The cross section of each axial diffuser passage is configured such that a relatively high velocity fluid flow in an upstream part of the diffuser passage is directed toward a negative pressure side of a cross section thereof. It can be accomplished by directing a minor axis of a cross section of the diffuser passage substantially perpendicularly to a direction directed from a center of the cross section of the diffuser passage to the central axial line of an impeller or directing the minor axis toward the central axial line of the impeller.

Abstract: An optical device and a method of making an optical device is described herein. The optical device comprises a housing, an optical element, a base structure that supports the optical element and that interfaces with the housing to form a gap section between an outer wall section of the base structure and an inner wall section of the housing, a resin within the gap section fixing the housing to the base structure, and a light accommodation section in the housing. The light accommodation section accommodates a transmittance of light to the resin within the gap section.

Abstract: A small and thin, light-emitting-element mounting package is provided, in which light emitting elements may by independently controlled despite a side view type package, and a light emitting device using the package is provided. The light-emitting-element mounting package includes a lead frame. The lead frame has at least one set of a structure including a lower conductor layer, an insulating layer and an upper conductor layer in this order, and a mounting area exposed on a surface of the lower conductor layer.

Abstract: An optical waveguide contains a core layer in which light is transferred, and a cladding layer that clads the core layer. The core layer has an inclined end surface across a direction where the core layer extends. The inclined end surface reflects light from the core layer to outside or light from the outside to the core layer. The cladding layer has an end portion that extends to the inclined surface of the core layer. The cladding layer includes a system that prevents an adhesive agent from flowing out.

Abstract: An optical module includes an optical waveguide including a waveguide core through which light propagates and a clad configured to trap the light in the waveguide core, and a circuit board on which a surface-type optical element is mounted. The optical waveguide further includes a reflective surface from which an end face of the waveguide core is exposed, the reflective surface being provided on an inclined face at one end face of the optical waveguide core in an extending direction of the waveguide core, and an element mount opening provided in the clad such as to be opposite from the reflective surface, the element mount opening having a size such as to contain the optical element. The optical waveguide is mounted on the circuit board while the optical element is contained in the element mount opening and is aligned with the reflective surface of the optical waveguide.

Abstract: An optical module includes an optical waveguide including a plurality of waveguide cores through which light propagates, a clad configured to trap the light in the waveguide cores, a plurality of fiber guide grooves in which optical fibers are inserted, the fiber guide grooves being arranged in parallel, and an adhesive spread groove configured to connect the fiber guide grooves and provided at leading ends of the fiber guide grooves with which the optical fibers contact; and a fixing member fixed to the optical waveguide with an adhesive while covering the fiber guide grooves. The fiber guide grooves have side walls including support projections configured to support, align, and optical couple the optical fibers to the waveguide cores, and adhesive recesses configured to define gaps between outer peripheral surfaces of the optical fibers and the fiber guide grooves so that the adhesive spreads in the gaps.

Abstract: The effective efficiency of a centrifugal compressor can be improved by achieving a uniform distribution of fluid velocity across the outlet end of a fluid passage of an axial diffuser for the centrifugal compressor and a high static pressure recovery ratio Cp in the axial diffuser passage. The cross section of each axial diffuser passage is configured such that a relatively high velocity fluid flow in an upstream part of the diffuser passage is directed toward a negative pressure side of a cross section thereof. It can be accomplished by directing a minor axis of a cross section of the diffuser passage substantially perpendicularly to a direction directed from a center of the cross section of the diffuser passage to the central axial line of an impeller or directing the minor axis toward the central axial line of the impeller.

Abstract: An optical module has at least two optical elements mounted in parallel with each other. The module also has a first electrode pad which is formed between the paralleled optical elements and grounded to a ground potential and a second electrode pad which is arranged along a line that is intersected with a direction in which the optical elements are arranged, which faces the first electrode pad and is grounded to the ground potential. The module further has a conductive shield member which is connected to the first electrode pad and the second electrode pad and placed between electrical signal transmission paths each connected to the optical elements.

Abstract: An optical waveguide contains a core layer in which light is transferred, and a cladding layer that clads the core layer. The core layer has an inclined end surface across a direction where the core layer extends. The inclined end surface reflects light from the core layer to outside or light from the outside to the core layer. The cladding layer has an end portion that extends to the inclined surface of the core layer. The cladding layer includes a system that prevents an adhesive agent from being flown out.

Abstract: An optical waveguide module has a planar type optical waveguide having at least one core, an optical fiber for connecting with the core of the optical waveguide optically, and an optical element for connecting the core of the optical waveguide optically. The optical waveguide includes a groove for allowing an optical fiber to be inserted thereinto and aligning the optical fiber with the core to connect the optical fiber and the core optically. A first edge of the optical waveguide, which traverses the core, is tapered and an edge of the core, which is exposed in the first edge of the optical waveguide, is formed as a reflection surface. A planar type optical element is mounted as the optical element at a position that is opposite to the reflection surface to connect the planar type optical element with the core optically through the reflection surface.

Abstract: An optical wavelength switch having a planar wave-guide formed on a substrate including a wave-guide-type diffraction grating having an input/output wave-guide with an under-clad layer on a sacrificial layer formed on the substrate, a core layer formed on the under-clad layer and an over-clad layer formed on the core layer. The switch including a first slab wave-guide connected with the input/output wave-guide, an array wave-guide with one side connected to the first slab wave guide, a second slab wave-guide connected to the other side of the array wave-guide, and a movable girder secured to the substrate. The movable girder has the same under-clad layer, core layer and over-clad layer as the wave-guide-type diffraction grating. The switch has a minor at the tip of the movable girder, the mirror facing an end face of the second slab wave-guide, and the displaceable along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis.

Abstract: A core layer has a light entrance region and a light exit region, said light entrance region having a width greater than said light exit region. The light entrance region has at least a side surface shaped as a reflecting surface. The light entrance region has an end having a parabolic shape. An LED is disposed in contact with a lower surface of the light entrance region. Signal light is introduced from the LED into the light entrance region with increased light entrance efficiency, and is highly efficiently reflected by the side surface of the light entrance region for higher light collecting efficiency.

Abstract: An optical module has at least two optical elements mounted in parallel with each other. The module also has a first electrode pad which is formed between the paralleled optical elements and grounded to a ground potential and a second electrode pad which is arranged along a line that is intersected with a direction in which the optical elements are arranged, which faces the first electrode pad and is grounded to the ground potential. The module further has a conductive shield member which is connected to the first electrode pad and the second electrode pad and placed between electrical signal transmission paths each connected to the optical elements.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a device where an improvement of etching accuracy and curtailing of manufacturing costs are realized when a device is manufactured attended with etching, such as RIE, in which a device; i.e., an object of etching, evolves heat. The method includes a coating step of applying over the surface of a device a photosensitive resin containing a phenol-based resin as a main ingredient; a transfer step of transferring a desired pattern on a device surface coated with the photosensitive resin by means of exposing the device surface coated with the photosensitive resin to light with the desired pattern; a development step of subjecting to development treatment the device having the pattern transferred thereon; and an etching step of etching the device surface while the pattern of the photosensitive resin developed through the development treatment is taken as a mask pattern.

Abstract: An optical module has at least two optical elements mounted in parallel with each other. The module also has a first electrode pad which is formed between the paralleled optical elements and grounded to a ground potential and a second electrode pad which is arranged along a line that is intersected with a direction in which the optical elements are arranged, which faces the first electrode pad and is grounded to the ground potential. The module further has a conductive shield member which is connected to the first electrode pad and the second electrode pad and placed between electrical signal transmission paths each connected to the optical elements.