Abstract: A vehicle windshield wiper blade comprising: a blade support portion; and a lip portion, wherein the lip portion has a tapered portion having a cross section that is taken along a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wiper blade and that has a width that gradually decreases from a side closer to the blade support portion towards a direction farthest away from the blade support portion, the lip portion has a tip surface and first and second tapered surfaces constituting the tapered portion, and, in a specific observation region of the first and second tapered surfaces, the average value of the elastic modulus measured at a 0.1 ?m pitch is 15-470 MPa and the coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus is at most 17.6%.

Abstract: Provided is at least one of an improvement in the thermal stability of a CHA-type zeolite, which is achieved by a method different from that of the related art for improving thermal stability; a method for producing a CHA-type zeolite that improves thermal stability; and such a CHA-type zeolite. Provided is a CHA-type zeolite having a 1H-MAS-NMR spectrum and an IR spectrum in which, preferably, in the 1H-MAS-NMR spectrum, a ratio of an integrated intensity of a maximum peak having a peak top at a chemical shift of 3.0 to 3.5 ppm to an integrated intensity of a maximum peak having a peak top at a chemical shift of 4.0 to 4.5 ppm is greater than 0.12 and 0.5 or less, and, in the IR spectrum, a ratio of a maximum peak height of an absorption peak having a peak top at a wavenumber of 3630 cm?1 or greater and 3650 cm?1 or less to a maximum peak height of an absorption peak having a peak top at a wavenumber of 3590 cm?1 or greater and 3610 cm?1 or less is 0.40 or greater and 1.0 or less.

Abstract: A CHA-type zeolite has a molar ratio of silica to alumina of 10.0 or more and less than 20.0 and a molar ratio of silanol groups to silicon of 0.15×10?2 or more and 0.50×10?2 or less, a molar ratio of silica to alumina of 20.0 or more and 35.0 or less and a molar ratio of silanol groups to silicon of 0.15×10?2 or more and 1.10×10?2 or less, a molar ratio of silica to alumina of more than 35.0 and 45.0 or less and a molar ratio of silanol groups to silicon of 0.15×10?2 or more and 1.65×10?2 or less, or a molar ratio of silica to alumina of more than 45.0 and 55.0 or less and a molar ratio of silanol groups to silicon of 0.15×10?2 or more and 1.80×10?2 or less.

Abstract: Provided is a metal-containing CHA-type zeolite in which a ratio of a maximum intensity of an absorption peak in a range of 3685 cm?1 or more and 3750 cm?1 or less to a maximum intensity of an absorption peak in a range of 1800 cm?1 or more and 1930 cm?1 or less is less than 1.5 in an IR spectrum. A method for producing the metal-containing CHA-type zeolite includes a metal incorporation step of mixing a metal source and a CHA-type zeolite in which a ratio of a maximum intensity of an absorption peak in a range of 3665 cm?1 or more and 3750 cm?1 or less to a maximum intensity of an absorption peak in a range of 1800 cm?1 or more and 1930 cm?1 or less is less than 1.5 in an IR spectrum.

Abstract: Provided is a production method by which an AEI zeolite is obtained without inducing a structural transformation in a crystalline aluminosilicate having a Y-structure and without using fluorine or phosphorus, the method including a crystallization step of crystallizing a composition containing an alumina source, a silica source, a structure directing aunt, a sodium source, and water, a weight proportion of crystalline aluminosilicate relative to a total weight of the alumina source and the silica source being from 0 wt. % to 10 wt. %, and the crystallization step satisfying at least one of the following conditions: a molar ratio of hydroxide ion to silica in the composition is 0.45 or greater, the composition contains a cation represented by (CH3)3RN+ (R represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbons, and the alkyl group may contain at least one substituent), and the crystallization time is 80 hours or longer.

Abstract: Provided is a production method by which an AEI zeolite is obtained without inducing a structural transformation in a crystalline aluminosilicate having a Y-structure and without using fluorine or phosphorus, the method including a crystallization step of crystallizing a composition containing an alumina source, a silica source, a structure directing agent, a sodium source, and water, a weight proportion of crystalline aluminosilicate relative to a total weight of the alumina source and the silica source being from 0 wt. % to 10 wt. %, and the crystallization step satisfying at least one of the following conditions: a molar ratio of hydroxide ion to silica in the composition is 0.45 or greater, the composition contains a cation represented by (CH3)3RN+ (R represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbons, and the alkyl group may contain at least one substituent), and the crystallization time is 80 hours or longer.

Abstract: Provided is a production method by which an AEI zeolite is obtained without inducing a structural transformation in a crystalline aluminosilicate having a Y-structure and without using fluorine or phosphorus, the method including a crystallization step of crystallizing a composition containing an alumina source, a silica source, a structure directing aunt, a sodium source, and water, a weight proportion of crystalline aluminosilicate relative to a total weight of the alumina source and the silica source being from 0 wt. % to 10 wt. %, and the crystallization step satisfying at least one of the following conditions: a molar ratio of hydroxide ion to silica in the composition is 0.45 or greater, the composition contains a cation represented by (CH3)3RN+ (R represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbons, and the alkyl group may contain at least one substituent), and the crystallization time is 80 hours or longer.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a chabazite-type zeolite is provided having high heat resistance without having a large crystal size. A catalyst is also provided that contains such a chabazite-type zeolite and exhibits high nitrogen oxide reduction properties, and in particular high nitrogen oxide reduction properties in low temperatures below 200° C., even after exposure to high temperature and high humidity. A chabazite-type zeolite is provided having a silica to alumina molar ratio of no less than 15, a silanol group to silicon molar ratio of no more than 1.6×10?2, an average crystal size of 0.5 ?m to less than 1.5 ?m, and a ratio of 50%-volume particle size to 10%-volume particle size of no more than 3.2. The chabazite-type zeolite preferably contains at least one of copper and iron.

Abstract: A CHA-type zeolite has a molar ratio of silica to alumina of 10.0 or more and less than 20.0 and a molar ratio of silanol groups to silicon of 0.15×10?2 or more and 0.50×10?2 or less, a molar ratio of silica to alumina of 20.0 or more and 35.0 or less and a molar ratio of silanol groups to silicon of 0.15×10?2 or more and 1.10×10?2 or less, a molar ratio of silica to alumina of more than 35.0 and 45.0 or less and a molar ratio of silanol groups to silicon of 0.15×10?2 or more and 1.65×10?2 or less, or a molar ratio of silica to alumina of more than 45.0 and 55.0 or less and a molar ratio of silanol groups to silicon of 0.15×10?2 or more and 1.80×10?2 or less.

Abstract: Provided is a metal-containing CHA-type zeolite in which a ratio of a maximum intensity of an absorption peak in a range of 3685 cm?1 or more and 3750 cm?1 or less to a maximum intensity of an absorption peak in a range of 1800 cm?1 or more and 1930 cm?1 or less is less than 1.5 in an IR spectrum. A method for producing the metal-containing CHA-type zeolite includes a metal incorporation step of mixing a metal source and a CHA-type zeolite in which a ratio of a maximum intensity of an absorption peak in a range of 3665 cm?1 or more and 3750 cm?1 or less to a maximum intensity of an absorption peak in a range of 1800 cm?1 or more and 1930 cm?1 or less is less than 1.5 in an IR spectrum.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a chabazite-type zeolite is provided having high heat resistance without having a large crystal size. A catalyst is also provided that contains such a chabazite-type zeolite and exhibits high nitrogen oxide reduction properties, and in particular high nitrogen oxide reduction properties in low temperatures below 200° C., even after exposure to high temperature and high humidity. A chabazite-type zeolite is provided having a silica to alumina molar ratio of no less than 15, a silanol group to silicon molar ratio of no more than 1.6×10?2, an average crystal size of 0.5 ?m to less than 1.5 ?m, and a ratio of 50%-volume particle size to 10%-volume particle size of no more than 3.2. The chabazite-type zeolite preferably contains at least one of copper and iron.

Abstract: Provided is a production method by which an AEI zeolite is obtained without inducing a structural transformation in a crystalline aluminosilicate having a Y-structure and without using fluorine or phosphorus, the method including a crystallization step of crystallizing a composition containing an alumina source, a silica source, a structure directing agent, a sodium source, and water, a weight proportion of crystalline aluminosilicate relative to a total weight of the alumina source and the silica source being from 0 wt. % to 10 wt. %, and the crystallization step satisfying at least one of the following conditions: a molar ratio of hydroxide ion to silica in the composition is 0.45 or greater, the composition contains a cation represented by (CH3)3RN+ (R represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbons, and the alkyl group may contain at least one substituent), and the crystallization time is 80 hours or longer.

Abstract: A subject for the invention is to provide a chabazite-type zeolite that is expected to have durability and thermal resistance, which are practical properties required of catalyst supports and adsorbent bases, and that has profitability. A chabazite-type zeolite having an SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio of 15-50 and an average particle diameter size of 1.5 ?m or more has high durability and high thermal resistance. Such a chabazite-type zeolite can be produced by crystallizing a starting-material composition in which the molar ratios of a structure-directing agent and water to SiO2 satisfy 0.05?(structure-directing agent)/SiO2<0.13 and 5?H2O/SiO2<30, in the presence of at least one kind of alkali metal ions selected from the group consisting of K, Rb, and Cs. The structure-directing agent preferably is an N,N,N-trimethyladamantaneammonium salt.

Abstract: The chabazite-type zeolite of the present invention has a SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio of less than 15, and an average particle size from 1.0 ?m to 8.0 ?m. The chabazite-type zeolite of the present invention has excellent durability and heat resistance, and the copper-loaded chabazite-type zeolite has an improved NOx reduction rate at low temperatures compared to conventional copper-loaded chabazite-type zeolite.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a silicoaluminophosphate represented by the following formula (1) and having a powder X-ray diffraction pattern shown in Table 1 below: (SixAlyPz)O2??(1) wherein x is the molar fraction of Si and 0.05<x?0.15; y is the molar fraction of Al and 0.47?y?0.52; z is the molar fraction of P and 0.40?z?0.46; and x+y+z=1; TABLE 1 Interplanar Spacing Relative Intensity ? I/I0 9.30 ± 0.15 1000 6.85 ± 0.10 from 100 to 300? 6.60 ± 0.10 from 10 to 100 B 5.50 ± 0.10 from 50 to 300 5.24 ± 0.10 from 10 to 100 B 4.64 ± 0.10 from 10 to 100 4.29 ± 0.05 from 100 to 500? 4.17 ± 0.05 from 10 to 150 B 3.82 ± 0.05 from 10 to 100 3.42 ± 0.05 from 20 to 150 2.87 ± 0.02 from 20 to 200 I/I0 is the relative intensity when the peak of 9.30 ± 0.15 ? is taken as 1,000; and B indicates a broad peak.

Abstract: An SCR catalyst using a ?-zeolite in which the molar ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 is from 20 to less than 40, the particle diameter determined by SEM is 0.35 ?m or more, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the X-ray diffraction peak for (302) is less than 0.30°, and the amount of adsorbed NH3 is 1 mmol/g or more, or has an amount of adsorbed NH3 following hydrothermal aging of 0.4 mmol/g or more, demonstrates high catalytic activity for NOx reduction at low temperatures following hydrothermal aging while also demonstrating a low level of discharge of irritating ammonia in exhaust gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a silicoaluminophosphate represented by the following formula (1) and having a powder X-ray diffraction pattern shown in Table 1 below: (SixAlyPz)O2??(1) wherein x is the molar fraction of Si and 0.05<x?0.15; y is the molar fraction of Al and 0.47?y?0.52; z is the molar fraction of P and 0.40?z?0.46; and x+y+z=1; TABLE 1 Interplanar Spacing Relative Intensity ? I/I0 9.30 ± 0.15 1000 6.85 ± 0.10 from 100 to 300? 6.60 ± 0.10 from 10 to 100 B 5.50 ± 0.10 from 50 to 300 5.24 ± 0.10 from 10 to 100 B 4.64 ± 0.10 from 10 to 100 4.29 ± 0.05 from 100 to 500? 4.17 ± 0.05 from 10 to 150 B 3.82 ± 0.05 from 10 to 100 3.42 ± 0.05 from 20 to 150 2.87 ± 0.02 from 20 to 200 I/I0 is the relative intensity when the peak of 9.30 ± 0.15 ? is taken as 1,000; and B indicates a broad peak.

Abstract: The chabazite-type zeolite of the present invention has a SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio of less than 15, and an average particle size from 1.0 ?m to 8.0 ?m. The chabazite-type zeolite of the present invention has excellent durability and heat resistance, and the copper-loaded chabazite-type zeolite has an improved NOx reduction rate at low temperatures compared to conventional copper-loaded chabazite-type zeolite.

Abstract: A subject for the invention is to provide a chabazite-type zeolite that is expected to have durability and thermal resistance, which are practical properties required of catalyst supports and adsorbent bases, and that has profitability. A chabazite-type zeolite having an SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio of 15-50 and an average particle diameter size of 1.5 ?m or more has high durability and high thermal resistance. Such a chabazite-type zeolite can be produced by crystallizing a starting-material composition in which the molar ratios of a structure-directing agent and water to SiO2 satisfy 0.05?(structure-directing agent)/SiO2<0.13 and 5?H2O/SiO2<30, in the presence of at least one kind of alkali metal ions selected from the group consisting of K, Rb, and Cs. The structure-directing agent preferably is an N,N,N-trimethyladamantaneammonium salt.

Abstract: A first catalyst for reducing nitrogen oxides comprising a crystalline silicate containing an iron in ?-framework structure wherein a SiO2/Fe2O3 mol ratio is 20-300 and at least 80% of the contained iron is an isolated iron ion Fe3+. A second catalyst for reducing nitrogen oxides comprising a crystalline silicate containing an iron in ?-framework structure wherein a SiO2/Fe2O3 mol ratio is 20-300 and log(SiO2/Al2O3) by mol is at least 2. A predominant part of the contained iron is isolated iron ion Fe3+ and at least a part thereof preferably has a tetrahedral coordination. These catalysts have high hydrothermal stability and exhibit enhanced activity for reducing nitrogen oxides by a reaction with a reducing agent such as ammonia, urea or an organic amine in a broad temperature range between lower temperature and higher temperature.