Abstract: The present invention aims at eliminating a need for a protective cover such as a bellows cover and improving a collection rate of machining scraps, and includes machining tables that are fixed at least in X and Y directions on a horizontal plane and hold a workpiece, a machining mechanism that machines the workpiece with a rotary tool using a machining liquid, a moving mechanism that linearly moves the machining mechanism at least in each of the X and Y directions on the horizontal plane, and a machining scrap storage unit that is provided below the machining tables and stores machining scraps generated by machining by the machining mechanism.

Abstract: The present invention aims at eliminating a need for a moving mechanism that moves a machining table and eliminating a need for a protective cover such as a bellows cover, and includes a machining table that holds a workpiece, a machining mechanism that machines the workpiece with a rotary tool while using a machining liquid, and a moving mechanism that linearly moves the machining mechanism at least in each of X and Y directions on a horizontal plane, in which the machining mechanism moved by the moving mechanism machines the workpiece with respect to the machining table, the machining table being fixed at least in the X and Y directions.

Abstract: To provide a transmucous absorption enhancer comprising a medium-chain fatty acid salts or a bile acid salt and a glycyrrhizic acid salts capable of sustaining the effect of the absorption enhancer and allowing an agent (especially a physiologically active peptide) to be absorbed via a mucosa (especially a large intestine mucosa).

Abstract: An apparatus for discriminating a machining state from a non-machining state in a machine tool wherein a workpiece is machined with a cutting tool or grinder, comprising plural vibration sensors including at least one acoustic-emission sensor, which detect vibrations of different frequency bands, respectively, which are produced during machining of the workpiece by the tool. A discriminating device judges that the workpiece is being machined by the tool when levels of output signals generated from at least two of the vibration sensors are higher than respective predetermined threshold levels, and judges that the workpiece is not being machined by the tool when the level of an output signal generated from less than two of the vibration sensors is higher than a predetermined threshold level. Also disclosed is a method for discrimination between the machining and non-machining states.

Abstract: A magnetic fluid having a base liquid and magnetic particles with so small average particle diameter as to be of some hundreds of angstroms dispersed in the base liquid. Such a magnetic fluid is produced by ejecting a molten magnetic metal adiabatically from an expansion nozzle against a bath of a base liquid.