Abstract: A thickener comprising (A) a hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose and (B) a specific polyethylene glycol derivative is effective for imparting frost damage resistance, good fluidity and a bleeding reducing effect to a hydraulic composition.

Abstract: A hydraulic composition comprising (A) a water-soluble hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose, (B) a polyacrylamide, (C) cement, (D) water, and (E) short fibers is suitable for 3D printing of the material extrusion process. The composition has satisfactory nozzle extrudability, self-support after lamination, and water retention. A method of manufacturing a three-dimensional object using the hydraulic composition is also provided.

Abstract: In a hydraulic composition for additive manufacturing which includes (A) at least one water-soluble hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose selected from hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, (B) a defoamer, (C) cement, (D) water, (E) polyvinyl alcohol and (F) borax, the water-soluble hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose has an alkoxy group degree of substitution of from 1.6 to 2.0 and a 2 wt % aqueous-solution viscosity at 20° C. of from 50 to 1,000 mPa·s, the polyvinyl alcohol has a degree of saponification of from 70 to 90 mol % and a 4 wt % aqueous-solution viscosity at 20° C. of from 20 to 80 mPa·s, and the water is added in an amount of from 25 to 70 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the cement. The composition has a good extrudability from a nozzle and a good self-supportability following deposition.

Abstract: In a hydraulic composition for additive manufacturing which includes (A) at least one water-soluble hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose selected from hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, (B) a defoamer, (C) cement, (D) water and (E) diutan gum, the water-soluble hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose has an alkoxy group degree of substitution of from 1.6 to 2.0 and a 2 wt % aqueous-solution viscosity at 20° C. of from 50 to 1,000 mPa·s and the water is added in an amount of from 25 to 70 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the cement. The composition has a good extrudability from a nozzle and a good self-supportability following deposition.

Abstract: An extrusion molding hydraulic composition contains: an expansive additive; a water-soluble hydroxyalkylalkyl cellulose; a cement; an aggregate; reinforcing fibers; and water, wherein a weight ratio between the expansive additive and the water-soluble hydroxyalkylalkyl cellulose is 50:50 to 99:1.

Abstract: A thickener is provided comprising an anionic polyacrylamide group containing at least two anionic polyacrylamides having different degrees of anionization, and a water-soluble cellulose ether. When added to a hydraulic composition, the thickener is effective for improving flow while maintaining rheological properties.

Abstract: A hydraulic composition comprising an AE agent, water-soluble cellulose ether, defoamer, cement, water, and aggregate is provided. The AE agent contains a fatty acid-based surfactant consisting of a fatty acid, alkali metal salt, lower alkylamine salt or lower alkanolamine salt thereof and a nonionic surfactant consisting of a polyoxyethylene phenyl ether. The hydraulic composition has frost damage resistance and experiences little bleeding.

Abstract: A thickener is provided comprising an anionic polyacrylamide group containing at least two anionic polyacrylamides having different degrees of anionization, and a water-soluble cellulose ether. When added to a hydraulic composition, the thickener is effective for improving flow while maintaining rheological properties.

Abstract: A cement mortar composition comprising a water-soluble cellulose ether, a starch derivative originating from tapioca, cement, an aggregate, and water has advantages including a less change of flow with time, easy application with a trowel, a short setting time, and a reduction of construction time.

Abstract: A concrete composition is obtained by dry mixing cement and an aggregate, adding thereto a water dispersion which is preformed by dispersing a low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose having a hydroxypropoxy substitution of 5-16 wt % in the form of fibrous particles having an aspect ratio of 4-7 in water, and mixing the ingredients. Because of reduced drying shrinkage, only a little drop of fluidity, and proper flow, the concrete composition is useful to form concrete buildings having frost damage resistance.

Abstract: A hydraulic composition comprising an AE agent, water-soluble cellulose ether, defoamer, cement, water, and aggregate is provided. The AE agent contains a fatty acid-based surfactant consisting of a fatty acid, alkali metal salt, lower alkylamine salt or lower alkanolamine salt thereof and a nonionic surfactant consisting of a polyoxyethylene phenyl ether. The hydraulic composition has frost damage resistance and experiences little bleeding.

Abstract: A concrete composition is obtained by dry mixing cement and an aggregate, adding thereto a water dispersion which is preformed by dispersing a low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose having a hydroxypropoxy substitution of 5-16 wt % in the form of fibrous particles having an aspect ratio of 4-7 in water, and mixing the ingredients. Because of reduced drying shrinkage, only a little drop of fluidity, and proper flow, the concrete composition is useful to form concrete buildings having frost damage resistance.

Abstract: A cement mortar composition comprising a water-soluble cellulose ether, a starch derivative originating from tapioca, cement, an aggregate, and water has advantages including a less change of flow with time, easy application with a trowel, a short setting time, and a reduction of construction time.

Abstract: A concrete composition is provided comprising a nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether, water, cement, a fine aggregate, and a coarse aggregate. The nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether has a 2 wt % aqueous solution viscosity of 3-1,000 mPa·s at 20° C. The concrete composition has a static slump/remix slump ratio of at least 0.50.

Abstract: A concrete composition is provided comprising a nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether, water, cement, a fine aggregate, and a coarse aggregate. The nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether has a 2 wt % aqueous solution viscosity of 3-1,000 mPa·s at 20° C. The concrete composition has a static slump/remix slump ratio of at least 0.50.

Abstract: A self-leveling composition is provided comprising a water-soluble hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose, cement, aggregate, and water. The hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose is such that a degree of alkyl substitution is 1.2-1.7, the sum of the degree of alkyl substitution and a molar substitution of hydroxyalkyl is 1.5-2.0, and a proportion of glucose rings not substituted with alkyl and hydroxyalkyl is up to 10 mol % based on glucose ring units. The composition has a minimal change with time of fluidity and a short setting time despite the use of inexpensive cellulose ether.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide an anthracene derivative having characteristics peculiar to anthracene such as e.g., high carbon density, high melting point, high refractive index and fluorescent properties for ultraviolet rays, etc., and reaction diversity that results from the bisphenol structure, and a process for producing the same. Disclosed is an anthracene derivative represented by the following general formula (1): in the formula (1), X and Y each independently represent a hydroxyaryl group. The aforementioned X and Y are preferably a hydroxyphenyl group. In addition, the anthracene derivative can be produced by a process including allowing at least one compound selected from phenols and anthracene-9-carboaldehyde to react in the presence of an oxygen-containing inert organic solvent and an acid catalyst.

Abstract: A hydraulic composition comprising a water-soluble hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose, cement, aggregate, reinforcing fibers, and water is provided. The hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose has a degree of alkyl substitution of 1.2-1.7, the sum of the degree of alkyl substitution and the molar substitution of hydroxyalkyl is 1.5-2.0, and a proportion of glucose ring not substituted with alkyl and hydroxyalkyl groups per glucose ring unit is up to 10 mol %. The composition cures within a short time and is extrusion moldable even at elevated temperature.

Abstract: A hydraulic composition comprising a water-soluble hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose, cement, aggregate, reinforcing fibers, and water is provided. The hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose has a degree of alkyl substitution of 1.2-1.7, the sum of the degree of alkyl substitution and the molar substitution of hydroxyalkyl is 1.5-2.0, and a proportion of glucose ring not substituted with alkyl and hydroxyalkyl groups per glucose ring unit is up to 10 mol %. The composition cures within a short time and is extrusion moldable even at elevated temperature.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide an anthracene derivative having characteristics peculiar to anthracene such as e.g., high carbon density, high melting point, high refractive index and fluorescent properties for ultraviolet rays, etc., and reaction diversity that results from the bisphenol structure, and a process for producing the same. Disclosed is an anthracene derivative represented by the following general formula (1): in the formula (1), X and Y each independently represent a hydroxyaryl group. The aforementioned X and Y are preferably a hydroxyphenyl group. In addition, the anthracene derivative can be produced by a process including allowing at least one compound selected from phenols and anthracene-9-carboaldehyde to react in the presence of an oxygen-containing inert organic solvent and an acid catalyst.