Abstract: A highly reliable memory device is provided. On a side surface of a first conductor extending in a first direction, a first insulator, a first semiconductor, a second insulator, a second semiconductor, and a third insulator are provided in this order when seen from the first conductor side. A first region overlapping with a second conductor with the first insulator, the first semiconductor, the second insulator, the second semiconductor, and the third insulator therebetween, and a second region overlapping with a third conductor with the first insulator, the first semiconductor, the second insulator, the second semiconductor, and the third insulator therebetween are provided in the first conductor. In the second region, a fourth conductor is provided between the first insulator and the first semiconductor.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to apply a sufficient electrical field to a liquid crystal material in a horizontal electrical field liquid crystal display device typified by an FFS type. In a horizontal electrical field liquid crystal display, an electrical field is applied to a liquid crystal material right above a common electrode and a pixel electrode using plural pairs of electrodes rather than one pair of electrodes. One pair of electrodes includes a comb-shaped common electrode and a comb-shaped pixel electrode. Another pair of electrodes includes a common electrode provided in a pixel portion and the comb-shaped pixel electrode.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearer, a cleaning blade having an elastic member contacting a surface of the image bearer, the cleaning blade removing a residue on the surface of the image bearer, and a controller. In the image forming apparatus, the cleaning blade has a coating film of a lubricant formed on an edge contacting, at least, the image bearer, and the controller performs an initial coating film adjustment before an image is initially formed. In the image forming apparatus, the initial coating film adjustment includes driving the image bearer to rotate, sliding the image bearer and the cleaning blade, removing a portion of the coating film of the lubricant, which is formed on the cleaning blade, and exposing the edge of the cleaning blade.

Abstract: A cleaning blade for cleaning a rotating body is provided. The cleaning blade includes: an edge layer having a tip portion that comes into contact with the rotating body; and a coating layer on the tip portion of the edge layer. The coating layer contains a first fluorine-based resin and a second fluorine-based resin incompatible with the first fluorine-based resin. The cleaning blade has a Martens hardness of from 0.5 to 3 N/mm2 at a position 20 ?m distant from a tip edge portion of the edge layer.

Abstract: A cleaning blade includes an elastic member that includes a front edge surface extending in the longitudinal direction of the elastic member and the thickness direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction and a bottom surface extending in the depth direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction and the thickness direction, the bottom surface sharing a front edge ridge part with the front edge surface and facing a cleaning target, and a coating layer coating the front edge surface, the front edge ridge part, and the bottom surface, wherein the front edge ridge part coated with the coating layer is in contact with a surface of the cleaning target, and the coating layer has an average thickness that increases with an increase in a distance from the front edge ridge part in the thickness direction on the front edge surface.

Abstract: A powder conveying device includes a drop conveyance passage, an intersecting conveyance passage, a conveying screw, and a floating member. Powder entering from an inflow port drops in the drop conveyance passage. The intersecting conveyance passage communicates with a lower end of the drop conveyance passage and extends in an intersecting direction that intersects the drop conveyance passage. The conveying screw is disposed in the intersecting conveyance passage and rotates in a specified direction to convey the powder in the intersecting direction. The floating member is movably installed in the drop conveyance passage and floats in the drop conveyance passage to move by contact with the conveying screw. The inflow port and the floating member interfere with each other to prevent the floating member from coming out of the inflow port of the drop conveyance passage.

Abstract: A monitoring satellite system includes a space development agency (SDA) satellite investigating a threat object; and a monitoring satellite group including a plurality of monitoring satellites that orbit the Earth at intervals from each other and monitor flying objects, wherein each monitoring satellite monitors the flying object when at a location that allows monitoring of the flying object, and the monitoring satellite, upon discovering the threat object to the flying object while monitoring the flying object, transmits information about the threat object to the other monitoring satellites, the information about the threat object is a mission command that instructs the SDA satellite to investigate the threat object, and of the multiple monitoring satellites that transmit or receive the mission command, the monitoring satellite that is in a location that allows communication with the SDA satellite transmits the mission command to the SDA satellite.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a toner image bearer, a transfer device, a cleaner, a bias power source, and circuitry. The toner image bearer bears a toner image. The transfer device performs a transfer process The cleaner contacts the toner image bearer to remove transfer residual toner that is subject to the transfer process and remove untransferred toner that is not subject to the transfer process. The bias power source applies one of a first bias and a second bias different from the first bias to the cleaner. The circuitry controls the bias power source to output the first bias to the cleaner in response to a start of an image forming operation to remove the untransferred toner from the toner image bearer and control the bias power source to switch an output from the first bias to the second bias.

Abstract: A cleaning blade for cleaning a rotating body is provided. The cleaning blade includes: an edge layer having a tip portion that comes into contact with the rotating body; and a coating layer on the tip portion of the edge layer. The coating layer contains a first fluorine-based resin and a second fluorine-based resin incompatible with the first fluorine-based resin. The cleaning blade has a Martens hardness of from 0.5 to 3 N/mm2 at a position 20 ?m distant from a tip edge portion of the edge layer.

Abstract: A cart that reduces impact on a load placed on a loading platform 50. The cart 10 includes a drive that raises/lowers the platform 50 by rotating a motor which extends/retracts a mechanism 70 vertically. The drive rotates the motor when an external force raises/lowers the platform 50 and extends/retracts the mechanism 70. When a control device detects lowering of the platform 50 held at a predetermined vertical position and detects an increase in weight of the load on the platform 50 based on an output signal of a rotation sensor that detects rotation of the motor and an output signal of a current sensor that detects a drive current of the motor, the control device controls the motor such that the platform 50 is raised and held at the either the predetermined vertical position or a vertical position lower than that position.

Abstract: A cart equipped with a smaller electric actuator as a drive source to raise and lower a loading platform and having a movable part 93 driven and moved by an electric actuator 91, a first link member 951R (951L) coupled to the movable part 93, a second link member 953R (953L) coupled to the first link member 951R (951L) and right and left X-shaped arms 71L and 71R (75L and 75R) via a shaft member 952R (952L), and a guide 97R (97L) having a hole 971R (971L) for guiding the shaft member 952R (952L) that moves with the movable part 93. The loading platform 50 is raised and lowered by vertically extending and retracting the pair of X-shaped arms via the first and second link members 951R and 951L (953R and 953L) along with movement of the movable part 93.

Abstract: A lifting device 8 with excellent transportability is provided. The lifting device 8 includes a first lifting unit 6 and a second lifting unit 7 disposed above the first lifting unit 6. The first lifting unit 6 includes a base 61, a first lifting platform 62 disposed above the base 61, and a first lifting system 63 which is provided between the base 61 and the first lifting platform 62 and which raises and lowers the first lifting platform 62. The second lifting unit 7 includes a second lifting platform 72 disposed above the first lifting platform 62, and a second lifting system 73 which raises and lowers the second lifting platform 72.

Abstract: The drive device of the lifting apparatus includes an electric actuator 91, a movable part 93 that is driven and moved by an electric actuator 91, a first link member 951L (951R), a second link member 953L (953R) rotatably coupled to the first link member 951L (951R) via a shaft member 952L (952R), and a guide member 97L (97R) having a guide hole 971L (971R) for guiding the shaft member 952L (952R) that moves with the movement of the movable part 93. The lifting platform 50 is raised and lowered by vertically extending and retracting a pair of lower right and left X-shaped arms 71L (71R) and a pair of upper right and left X-shaped arms 75L (75R) via the first link member 951L and second link member 953L along with movement of the movable part 93.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a controller of a stepping motor includes a table generating unit and a current controlling unit. The table generating unit generates a data table of a threshold by using values of induced voltage at frequencies of switching signal that changes a set value of a drive current, the threshold being proportional to a frequency of the switching signal within an operation region in which the frequency of the switching signal is lower than a predetermined frequency, the values of the induced voltage including a first induced voltage generated at a first frequency of the switching signal and a second induced voltage generated at a second frequency of the switching signal. The current controlling unit controls a value of the drive current in accordance with a comparison result between the threshold and an induced voltage that is detected at a frequency lower than the predetermined frequency.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a surface emitting laser according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes the following two steps: (1) a step of forming a semiconductor stacked structure on a substrate, the semiconductor stacked structure including an active layer, a first DBR layer of a first electrical conduction type, and a second DBR layer of a second electrical conduction type, the first DBR layer and the second DBR layer sandwiching the active layer, the second electrical conduction type being different from the first electrical conduction type; and (2) a step of forming a mesa section at a portion on the second DBR layer side in the semiconductor stacked structure and then forming an annular diffusion region of the first electrical conduction type at an outer edge of the mesa section by impurity diffusion from a side surface of the mesa section, the mesa section including the second DBR layer, the mesa section not including the active layer.

Abstract: A powder conveying device includes a drop conveyance passage, an intersecting conveyance passage, a conveying screw, and a floating member. Powder entering from an inflow port drops in the drop conveyance passage. The intersecting conveyance passage communicates with a lower end of the drop conveyance passage and extends in an intersecting direction that intersects the drop conveyance passage. The conveying screw is disposed in the intersecting conveyance passage and rotates in a specified direction to convey the powder in the intersecting direction. The floating member is movably installed in the drop conveyance passage and floats in the drop conveyance passage to move by contact with the conveying screw. The inflow port and the floating member interfere with each other to prevent the floating member from coming out of the inflow port of the drop conveyance passage.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearer; a nip forming member configured to form a transfer nip between the image bearer and the nip forming member; a nip pressure changer configured to change a nip pressure of the transfer nip; a transfer bias applier configured to apply, to the transfer nip, a transfer bias in which an AC component is superimposed on a DC component; and a DC component adjuster configured to adjust the DC component in the transfer bias, according to the nip pressure that is changed by the nip pressure changer.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a vertical cavity surface emitting laser element having excellent electric responsiveness and high productivity and reliability, a method of producing the vertical cavity surface emitting laser element, and a photoelectric conversion apparatus. [Solving Means] A vertical cavity surface emitting laser element according to the present technology includes: a semiconductor stacked body.

Abstract: A transfer device includes a transfer roller and a transfer counter roller. The transfer roller has an elastic layer, contacts with and separates from an image bearer including a belt-shaped elastic body, and nips a recording medium with the image bearer. The transfer counter roller has an elastic layer, is disposed facing the transfer roller, and nips the image bearer with the transfer roller. The transfer counter roller or the transfer roller is applied with a bias to transfer the toner image. Each of the elastic layers of the transfer roller and the transfer counter roller has an Asker C hardness of 75 or less. A difference in thickness between the elastic layers of the transfer roller and the transfer counter roller is ±3% or less.

Abstract: A biasing force adjusting device includes a roller, a roller holder, a first biasing member, and a second biasing member. The roller faces a mover. The roller holder holds the roller and is displaceable with respect to the mover. The first biasing member applies a first biasing force to the roller holder to press the roller against the mover. The second biasing member applies a second biasing force greater than the first biasing force to the roller holder to press the roller against the mover.