Abstract: A hydraulic control apparatus for an automatic transmission provided with a friction engaging element that operates using hydraulic pressure includes a range pressure oil passage which is connected to the friction engaging element; a manual valve which is connected to the range pressure oil passage; a drain port which is formed in the manual valve and which drains hydraulic pressure of the range pressure oil passage; a drain oil passage which is connected to the drain port; and a drain pressure controller which is connected to the drain oil passage and which performs control so as to change a decreasing rate of drain pressure of the drain oil passage.

Abstract: A shift device, which sends a command signal to an electric actuator for shifting a plurality of gear ranges of a transmission of a vehicle by the electric actuator. The gear ranges include a plurality of drive ranges and a parking range. A shift lever is arranged to move between a neutral position and a plurality of manipulation positions located about the neutral position. A restoration mechanism restores the shift lever to the neutral position. A first sensor electrically detects a manipulation performed to select one of the drive ranges. A second sensor electrically detects a manipulation performed to select the parking range. The first sensor detects toward which of the manipulation positions the shift lever is manipulated.

Abstract: A hydraulic control apparatus for an automatic transmission includes a first SL linear solenoid, a second SL linear solenoid, a third SL linear solenoid, and a fourth SL linear solenoid, which are normal closed type, and a sequence valve. The sequence valve connects the first SL linear solenoid to a servo of a C1 clutch, the second SL linear solenoid to a servo of a C2 clutch, and the fourth SL linear solenoid to a servo of a B3 brake at normal time. The sequence valve selectively connects a D range oil passage to the servo of the C1 clutch and the servo of the C2 clutch, and connects the D range oil passage to the servo of the B3 brake, when an electric failure gas occurred.

Abstract: A lens sheet capable of preventing reflection of extraneous light without decreasing extraneous light absorption, having extraneous light absorbers that can be readily formed by printing and are scarcely stained. The present invention also provides a rear projection screen including such a lens sheet. A rear projection screen has a Fresnel lens sheet and a lenticular lens sheet placed on the viewing side of the Fresnel lens sheet. The lenticular lens sheet has lenses formed on those portions of the light-emergent-side surface of the sheet-shaped substrate part through which light converged by other lenses pass, and extraneous light absorbers formed on those portions of the light-emergent-side surface of the sheet-shaped substrate part through which light converged by the other lenses does not pass. Each extraneous light absorber includes a black-colored binder resin and a number of light-diffusing particles subjected to coloring treatment, incorporated in the binder resin.

Abstract: A switching valve is provided which operates hydraulic friction engaging elements in a combination to establish a fifth speed “5th” when in a first position, and in a combination to establish a third speed “3rd” when in a second position, when a first electromagnetic valve to a fifth electromagnetic valve fail so as to stop operating. As a result, in the event of failure while driving, the fifth speed “5th” is first established to enable the vehicle to continue running. Then, when the position of a manual valve is changed by an operation by the driver when the vehicle is stopped or the like, the switching valve shifts a transmission into the third speed “3rd”, which has a larger gear ratio than the fifth speed “5th”, to ensure the driving force required to take off again.

Abstract: Provided herein is a rear projection screen capable of displaying a sharper image by reducing deterioration in the image quality, such as coarsening, flickering and glaring. A rear projection screen 10 comprises a Fresnel lens sheet 11 having, on its light-entering-side surface, a Fresnel lens part 11a in the shape of a Fresnel lens. In the Fresnel lens sheet 11, both the Fresnel lens part 11a and a part (diffusing part 11b) situated on the light-emerging side of the Fresnel lens part 11a comprise light-diffusing particles P. The mean particle diameter of the light-diffusing particles P contained in the diffusing part 11b is not more than ? of the lens pitch of the Fresnel lens part 11a.

Abstract: A hydraulic control circuit for an automatic transmission of a vehicle, the transmission including hydraulically operated coupling devices at least one of which is selectively operated to establish a corresponding one of speed steps, the hydraulic control circuit including electromagnetic valve devices which output respective hydraulic pressures to operate the hydraulically operated coupling devices, respectively, an all-fail detecting and switching valve device which is switched, based on an all-fail state of the electromagnetic valve devices in which none of the electromagnetic valve devices output the respective hydraulic pressures, to an operation state corresponding to a fail position to output, as a first hydraulic pressure, a source hydraulic pressure to a first hydraulically operated coupling device out of the plurality of hydraulically operated coupling devices, and an operation-state memory valve which is switched, based on a state of the vehicle before the all-fail state occurs, from a non-running

Abstract: A hydraulic control apparatus for switching an operation of a hydraulically operated mechanical apparatus, by selectively operating two frictional engagement elements of a first, a second, a third, and a fifth frictional engagement elements, the hydraulic control apparatus including a first control valve which, in association with an event that respective hydraulic pressures to operate the first and second frictional engagement elements are both produced, drains one of the third and fifth frictional engagement elements and outputs a control hydraulic pressure; and a second control valve which, when at least two hydraulic pressures of (a) the control hydraulic pressure and (b) respective hydraulic pressures to operate the third and fifth frictional engagement elements are supplied to the second control valve, drains the other of the third and fifth frictional engagement elements.

Abstract: A friction apply device, from among each pair of friction apply devices that are applied to achieve a speed from first speed to fourth speed, that is to be placed in a slipping state is selected based on a heat load when a neutral control is executed. As a result, it is possible to continue to execute the neutral control without the durability of the friction apply device being impaired by the heat load, for example, thereby increasing a fuel efficiency effect and the like achieved by the neutral control.

Abstract: A shift device, which sends a command signal to an electric actuator for shifting a plurality of gear ranges of a transmission of a vehicle by the electric actuator. The gear ranges include a plurality of drive ranges and a parking range. A shift lever is arranged to move between a neutral position and a plurality of manipulation positions located about the neutral position. A restoration mechanism restores the shift lever to the neutral position. A first sensor electrically detects a manipulation performed to select one of the drive ranges. A second sensor electrically detects a manipulation performed to select the parking range. The first sensor detects toward which of the manipulation positions the shift lever is manipulated.

Abstract: A shift device, which sends a command signal to an electric actuator for shifting a plurality of gear ranges of a transmission of a vehicle by the electric actuator. The gear ranges include a plurality of drive ranges and a parking range. A shift lever is arranged to move between a neutral position and a plurality of manipulation positions located about the neutral position. A restoration mechanism restores the shift lever to the neutral position. A first sensor electrically detects a manipulation performed to select one of the drive ranges. A second sensor electrically detects a manipulation performed to select the parking range. The first sensor detects toward which of the manipulation positions the shift lever is manipulated.

Abstract: A shift device, which sends a command signal to an electric actuator for shifting a plurality of gear ranges of a transmission of a vehicle by the electric actuator. The gear ranges include a plurality of drive ranges and a parking range. A shift lever is arranged to move between a neutral position and a plurality of manipulation positions located about the neutral position. A restoration mechanism restores the shift lever to the neutral position. A first sensor electrically detects a manipulation performed to select one of the drive ranges. A second sensor electrically detects a manipulation performed to select the parking range. The first sensor detects toward which of the manipulation positions the shift lever is manipulated.

Abstract: A fluid pressure control circuit includes a fluid pressure device which is operated by a fluid pressure; a control valve which is connected to the fluid pressure device via a connecting passage, and which changes a flow rate of predetermined fluid that is to be supplied to the fluid pressure device or that is to be discharged from the fluid pressure device according to a position of a valve element; and a pressure difference reflecting device which moves the valve element based on a difference in the fluid pressure between predetermined two different portions in the connecting passage and which changes the flow rate of the fluid that is to be supplied or to be discharged through the control valve according to the fluid pressure difference. With this fluid pressure control circuit, it is possible to obtain excellent responsiveness during supply/discharge of the fluid, change in the fluid pressure or the like, without increasing the amount of the fluid to be consumed.

Abstract: A pair of feedback chambers is provided in a supply/discharge switching control valve, and the hydraulic pressure is introduced from a portion on the upstream side of the orifice provided in the communication passage through the second feedback passage, and is introduced from a portion on the downstream side of the orifice provided in the communication passage through the first feedback passage. Therefore, the responsiveness is enhanced, compared with the case where only the first feedback chamber is provided. Also, the overshoot and the undershoot of the fluid pressure, and the pressure fluctuation are effectively suppressed, compared with the case where only the second feedback chamber is provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of controlling a synchronous motor having a rotor, and a stator which produces a magnetic flux for rotating the rotor about an axis thereof, the method including the steps of detecting an angular position and a rotating speed of the rotor; estimating a phase difference between a voltage and an electric current of the synchronous motor, on the basis of the detected rotating speed of the rotor; and adjusting an advance angle of the rotor upon excitation of the synchronous motor, as a result of comparison of the detected rotating speed of the rotor with a target value, to thereby control the rotating speed and direction of the rotor.

Abstract: In a hydraulic control apparatus, a valve accommodation hole of a valve body also serves as a sleeve, and a spool is fitted in the valve accommodation hole. Therefore, the size of the valve accommodation hole is reduced by an amount corresponding to the thickness of the sleeve, thus reducing the weight and size of the hydraulic control apparatus. Also, a solenoid portion is detachably fixed to the valve body with a snap-fastener. Accordingly, in the case of a failure of the solenoid valve, only one of the solenoid portion and the spool can be easily replaced depending upon the type of the failure by canceling fixation with the snap-fastener.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lens sheet capable of preventing reflection of extraneous light without decreasing extraneous light absorption, having extraneous light absorbers that can be readily formed by printing and are scarcely stained. The present invention also provides a rear projection screen including such a lens sheet. A rear projection screen 10 is composed of a Fresnel lens sheet 11 and a lenticular lens sheet 12 placed on the viewing side of the Fresnel lens sheet 11. The lenticular lens sheet 12 has lenses 121 formed on those portions of the light-emergent-side surface of the sheet-shaped substrate part 12a through which light converged by lenses 125 pass, and extraneous light absorbers 122 formed on those portions of the light-emergent-side surface of the sheet-shaped substrate part 12a through which light converged by lenses 125 does not pass.

Abstract: A switching valve is provided which operates hydraulic friction engaging elements in a combination to establish a fifth speed “5th” when in a first position, and in a combination to establish a third speed “3rd” when in a second position, when a first electromagnetic valve to a fifth electromagnetic valve fail so as to stop operating. As a result, in the event of failure while driving, the fifth speed “5th” is first established to enable the vehicle to continue running. Then, when the position of a manual valve is changed by an operation by the driver when the vehicle is stopped or the like, the switching valve shifts a transmission into the third speed “3rd”, which has a larger gear ratio than the fifth speed “5th”, to ensure the driving force required to take off again.

Abstract: A method for controlling gear shifting of a transmission in a vehicle. The transmission is supplied with electric power from a battery or an alternator and drives an actuator to shift gear ranges of the transmission. The transmission has an output shaft that becomes difficult to rotate if a predetermined range is selected when the engine stops running. The method includes determining whether a gear range differing from the predetermined range is selected when the vehicle stops traveling, and forcibly shifts the gear range to the predetermined range when a gear range differing from the predetermined range is selected by driving the actuator with electric power supplied from the alternator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of controlling a synchronous motor having a rotor, and a stator which produces a magnetic flux for rotating the rotor about an axis thereof, the method including the steps of detecting an angular position and a rotating speed of the rotor; estimating a phase difference between a voltage and an electric current of the synchronous motor, on the basis of the detected rotating speed of the rotor; and adjusting an advance angle of the rotor upon excitation of the synchronous motor, as a result of comparison of the detected rotating speed of the rotor with a target value, to thereby control the rotating speed and direction of the rotor.