Abstract: A drive power apparatus utilizing winds is disclosed. A vertical shaft 12 disposed vertically and rotatably, a rotatable horizontal shaft 16-18 rotatably perpendicularly penetrating the vertical shaft 12, a first and a second plate-like blade members 19 to 24 provided on the horizontal shaft 16 to 18 on the opposite sides of the vertical shaft 12 and a drive power mechanism 21 operable with the rotation of the vertical shaft 12 are provided. The first and second blade members 19 to 24 are secured to the horizontal shaft 12 such that their plane orientations are deviated from each other by an angle of 90 degrees in the peripheral direction of the horizontal shaft 12, and are rocked about the horizontal shaft 12 in an interlocked relation to each other between the vertical and horizontal directions.

Abstract: A nut body 11 having a central female thread 12 also has a first and a second slit 13 and 14 formed to partly penetrate the internal female thread from the opposite sides. The distance b between the bottoms of the first and second slits 13 and 14 is in a range of 0.15 to 0.8 times the nominal diameter d. A first and a second push part 15 and 16 which are formed in an upper part of the nut body 11 by the first and second slits 13 and 14 bent downward by plastic deformation.

Abstract: A general-purpose functional circuit for a programmable controller, comprising: an external connector which is connected to an external appliance to be controlled; an interconnecting connector which is connected to at least a CPU unit of the programmable controller; and an arithmetic processing member which has at least a function of transmitting to and receiving from the external appliance connected to the arithmetic processing member through the external connector, signals and performing a logical operation based on an external signal received from the external appliance so as to transmit to the CPU unit via the interconnecting connector, a logical operation signal corresponding to a result of the logical operation; wherein the CPU unit includes a CPU for executing a sequence program.

Abstract: A bolt according to the invention comprises: a coarse screw thread portion of pitch P, which is formed from the tip end portion of a bolt shank to a prescribed portion; and a fine screw thread portion of pitch p (p=P/n wherein n is an integer of 2 or more), which is formed so as to overlap the coarse screw thread portion for at least the entire length of the coarse screw thread portion of the bolt shank or from the tip end portion to the prescribed portion of the coarse screw thread portion. And, it is an object of the invention to provide a bolt that can be mass-produced at low cost, bring about excellent synchronicity, strength against compression and shear, and an excellent tightening force, and in which a nut screwed therein is scarcely loosened upon receiving a large vibration load.

Abstract: The invention provides a structure of a loosening-stop tightening means, a loosening-stop bolt having the structure, a method for producing the same bolt, a loosening-stop nut having the structure, and a method for producing the same nut, by which the screwing force can be prevented from being lowered when an external force is applied to a member to be tightened and a screw thread, etc.

Abstract: Media data such as still image data is subjected to a wavelet transform, and then the wavelet coefficients are quantized. Bit-planes are prepared for the quantized wavelet coefficients. Confidential information is embedded into the bit-planes by using bit-plane decomposition steganography. The modified quantized wavelet coefficients are prepared based on the bit-planes into which the confidential information is embedded. Entropy encoding is performed on the modified quantized wavelet coefficients. As a result, the information is hidden in the media data subjected to progressive compression. On the other hand, entropy decoding is performed on the compressed data, into which the confidential information is embedded, to obtain quantized wavelet coefficients. A bit-plane structure is obtained from the quantized wavelet coefficients, and the hidden information is extracted from the bit-plane structure.

Abstract: A stabilized gain temperature compensated optical amplifier having automatic gain control and automatic level control. An optical amplifier with a temperature dependent gain wavelength characteristic is disposed along an optical transmission line and compensated with a temperature sensitive gain controller cascade connected with the temperature sensitive optical amplifier. The temperature sensitive gain controller has a temperature sensitive loss wavelength characteristic which complements the temperature sensitivity of the amplifier gain wavelength characteristic. The gain controller includes a plurality of grating portions provided with mutually different loss wavelength characteristics, the loss wavelength characteristics having mutually different temperature dependencies. An automatic gain control, independent of the gain controller maintains the gain of the temperature sensitive optical amplifier at a constant level.

Abstract: A beam splitter formed by laminating a plurality of optical films on a glass substrate having a refractive index of 1.51.+-.0.10. The optical films are first, second, third, fourth, and fifth layers laminated in this order from the glass substrate. The first layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.05-0.15; the second layer has a refractive index of 1.68.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.01-0.10; the third layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.50-0.60; the fourth layer has a refractive index of 2.23.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.25-0.35; and the fifth layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.25-0.35. The optical film thickness means a relative value represented by n.times.d/.lambda. where n denotes a refractive index; d denotes an actual film thickness, and .lambda. denotes a wavelength deciding the center of a wavelength band.

Abstract: A beam splitter formed by laminating a plurality of optical films on a glass substrate having a refractive index of 1.51.+-.0.10. The optical films are first, second, third, fourth, and fifth layers laminated in this order from the glass substrate. The first layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.05-0.15; the second layer has a refractive index of 1.68.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.01-0.10; the third layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.50-0.60; the fourth layer has a refractive index of 2.23.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.25-0.35; and the fifth layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.25-0.35. The optical film thickness means a relative value represented by n.times.d/.lambda. where n denotes a refractive index; d denotes an actual film thickness, and .lambda. denotes a wavelength deciding the center of a wavelength band.

Abstract: An optical device including a lens and an optical thin film for coupling and separating two light components. First and second optical fibers are arranged on one side of the lens at symmetrical positions with respect to the optical axis of the lens, and the optical thin film and a third optical fiber are arranged on the other side of the lens. An isosceles triangular block is arranged to simultaneously move the first and second optical fibers to adjust an incident angle and an emerging angle of the light made incident to the optical thin film. Alternatively, a movable isosceles triangular prism having two oblique reflecting surfaces is arranged.

Abstract: A beam splitter formed by laminating a plurality of optical films on a glass substrate having a refractive index of 1.51.+-.0.10. The optical films are first, second, third, fourth, and fifth layers laminated in this order from the glass substrate. The first layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.05-0.15; the second layer has a refractive index of 1.68.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.01-0.10; the third layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.50-0.60; the fourth layer has a refractive index of 2.23.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.25-0.35; and the fifth layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.25-0.35. The optical film thickness means a relative value represented by n.times.d/.lambda. where n denotes a refractive index; d denotes an actual film thickness, and .lambda. denotes a wavelength deciding the center of a wavelength band.

Abstract: A beam splitter formed by laminating a plurality of optical films on a glass substrate having a refractive index of 1.51.+-.0.10. The optical films are first, second, third, fourth, and fifth layers laminated in this order from the glass substrate. The first layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.05-0.15; the second layer has a refractive index of 1.68.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.01-0.10; the third layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.50-0.60; the fourth layer has a refractive index of 2.23.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.25-0.35; and the fifth layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.25-0.35. The optical film thickness means a relative value represented by n x d/.lambda. where n denotes a refractive index; d denotes an actual film thickness, and .lambda.denotes a wavelength deciding the center of a wavelength band.

Abstract: An optical coupler divides signal light beam in optical transmission path at predetermined ratio. The optical coupler includes single-layer dividing film evaporated on substrate with optical film thickness being of predetermined value, the film having refractive index which is equal to or smaller than square root of refractive index of substrate, and coupler holder holding single-layer dividing film in optical transmission path to apply signal light beam to single-layer dividing film at incident angle of about 45 degrees. Alternatively, optical coupler includes dividing film made of three films having respective refractive indexes of 1.46.+-.0.10, 1.65.+-.0.10, and 2.30.+-.0.10 and formed in four, five, or seven layers on substrate having refractive index of 1.51.+-.0.10 or 3.50.+-.0.

Abstract: A beam splitter formed by laminating a plurality of optical films on a glass substrate having a refractive index of 1.51.+-.0.10. The optical films are first, second, third, fourth, and fifth layers laminated in this order from the glass substrate. The first layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.05-0.15; the second layer has a refractive index of 1.68.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.01-0.10; the third layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.50-0.60; the fourth layer has a refractive index of 2.23.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.25-0.35; and the fifth layer has a refractive index of 1.44.+-.0.10 and an optical film thickness of 0.25-0.35. The optical film thickness means a relative value represented by n.times.d/.lambda. where n denotes a refractive index; d denotes an actual film thickness, and .lambda. denotes a wavelength deciding the center of a wavelength band.

Abstract: A luminous float includes a float body, a resistance plate and a light-emitting device, and causes the light-emitting device to emit light by electricity generated by a dynamo through the relative motions of the float body and the resistance plate, which are caused by waves and tidal currents. In a preferred embodiment, a contractible and extensible bellows provided at the bottom of the float body is connected with the resistance plate through a connecting element. Furthermore, one end of a spring is coupled to an inner member of the float body, and the other end of the spring is coupled to the bottom of the bellows through a coupling means.

Abstract: A device which includes a polarizer wherein one of a pair of transmission faces of a transparent substrate by a light beam on which a polarizing separating film is not formed is formed in an inclined relationship with respect to the other transmission face of the transparent substrate on which the polarizing separating film is formed and a parallel light beam having a predetermined incident angle with respect to the polarizing separating film is passed through the polarizing separating film to effect polarized light separation. Two such devices are provided and a Faraday rotator is provided between the two devices to constitute an optical isolator.

Abstract: A structure for mounting on a base plate an optical element having a cylindrical portion. A holder member having a flat bottom surface is rotatably mounted on the cylindrical portion of the optical element. The holder member is mounted on and secured to a support member having an inclined upper surface so that the flat bottom surface of the holder member contacts the inclined upper surface of the support member in a face-to-face manner. The support member is secured to the base plate.

Abstract: A voltage detecting circuit, for example for detecting the approaching exhaustion of the battery of a timepiece, hand-held calculator or other small electronic device uses a MOS transistor, the operating point of which in detecting the predetermined voltage is selected as the point at which the ratio of the current to the conductive constant of the MOS transistor is above 0.1. The temperature compensation thereby achieved is good enough that the measured value almost coincides with the design value without the need of using a variable resistor.

Abstract: A dielectric thin film optical transmission device in which a dielectric substrate has formed thereon a dielectric thin film of a refractive index larger than that of the substrate and the dielectric thin film has formed thereon in a desired pattern a dielectric layer of a refractive index smaller than that of the dielectric thin film and in which the dielectric thin film underlying the dielectric layer chiefly serves as a light waveguide to transmit light therethrough.