Abstract: Artificial seeds formed of a seamless soft capsule are provided herein. The artificial seed contains a meristematic plant cell or tissue. The artificial seed has a structure of three or more layers containing an innermost layer, an inner layer covering the innermost layer, and an outer layer covering the inner layer. The innermost layer can contain an aqueous liquid, the inner layer can be formed by an inner membrane containing hardened oil, and the outer layer can be formed of a biodegradable outer membrane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hologram recording material which is not required to be subjected to pre-exposure treatment at the time of recording, attains high refractive index change, high sensitivity, low scattering, environment resistance, durability, low dimensional change, and high multiplicity, and is suitable for volume hologram recording. Also, the present invention provides a hologram recording medium. A hologram recording material comprising a matrix material having a softening temperature of 50° C. or higher, and a photopolymerizable monomer which is in a liquid phase state at room temperature. The matrix material is preferably contained in an amount of 50% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less of the whole of the hologram recording material. A softening temperature of the hologram recording material is preferably 0° C. or higher.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hologram recording material which is not required to be subjected to pre-exposure treatment at the time of recording, attains high refractive index change, high sensitivity, low scattering, environment resistance, durability, low dimensional change, and high multiplicity, and is suitable for volume hologram recording. Also, the present invention provides a hologram recording medium. A hologram recording material comprising a matrix material having a softening temperature of 50° C. or higher, and a photopolymerizable monomer which is in a liquid phase state at room temperature. The matrix material is preferably contained in an amount of 50% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less of the whole of the hologram recording material. A softening temperature of the hologram recording material is preferably 0° C. or higher.

Abstract: The method of making an optical recording medium sample in accordance with the present invention comprises a laminate preparing step of preparing a laminate including a substrate used for an optical recording medium, and a functional layer formed adjacent to one side of the substrate; and a substrate removing step of removing a predetermined part of the substrate in the laminate so as to expose a contact surface of the functional layer with the substrate. In the optical recording medium sample obtained by the above-mentioned making method, since the functional layer is disposed in conformity to the surface of the substrate, profiles such as grooves, lands, and surface roughness of the surface of the substrate on the functional layer side are accurately transferred with a high precision to the exposed contact surface. Therefore, analyzing the exposed contact surface can grasp the surface form of the substrate.

Abstract: Capsules which contain vital cells or tissues as the contents and in which these cells or tissues can be grown. Since these cells or tissues can be grown in the capsules, an extremely high cell density can be achieved. By using these capsules, foods having an excellent effect of ameliorating intestinal disorders, etc. can be provided. Moreover, it is possible to provide artificial seeds showing an excellent storage stability and a high germination ratio which comprise seamless soft capsules consisting of an innermost layer containing indefinite embryo, indefinite shoots, multiple shoots, shoot apexes, growing points, protocorm-like bodies, indefinite roots, hairy roots, etc., an inner coating layer comprising a hardened oil and an outer coating layer made of a biodegradable film comprising gelatin, polysaccharides, etc.

Abstract: Capsules which contain vital cells or tissues as the contents and in which these cells or tissues can be grown. Since these cells or tissues can be grown in the capsules, an extremely high cell density can be achieved. By using these capsules, foods having an excellent effect of ameliorating intestinal disorders, etc. can be provided. Moreover, it is possible to provide artificial seeds showing an excellent storage stability and a high germination ratio which comprise seamless soft capsules consisting of an innermost layer containing indefinite embryo, indefinite shoots, multiple shoots, shoot apexes, growing points, protocorm-like bodies, indefinite roots, hairy roots, etc., an inner coating layer comprising a hardened oil and an outer coating layer made of a biodegradable film comprising gelatin, polysaccharides, etc.

Abstract: An optical recording medium is provided with a recording layer and a reflecting film on an optically transparent substrate. The principal component of the recording layer is a dye. Virtual recording cells are assumed within grooves on the recording layer and recording marks with five different levels or more of increasing size are formed on each of the virtual recording cells by modulating the irradiation time of the laser beam in five levels or more in correspondence to the information to be recorded. The reflectance of the virtual recording cells modulates in many levels and the reflection level of the reading laser beam during regeneration is changed in five levels or more. The optically transparent substrate is made of a plastic with a glass transition point (Tg) of 160° C. or less. The reflecting film is a metal with a coefficient of thermal conductivity of 300 k/W·m−1·K−1 or more and a film thickness of 50 nm or more.

Abstract: Capsules which contain vital cells or tissues as the contents and in which these cells or tissues can be grown. Since these cells or tissues can be grown in the capsules, an extremely high cell density can be achieved. By using these capsules, foods having an excellent effect of ameliorating intestinal disorders, etc. can be provided. Moreover, it is possible to provide artificial seeds showing an excellent storage stability and a high germination ratio which comprise seamless soft capsules consisting of an innermost layer containing indefinite embryo, indefinite shoots, multiple shoots, shoot apexes, growing points, protocorm-like bodies, indefinite roots, hairy roots, etc., an inner coating layer comprising a hardened oil and an outer coating layer made of a biodegradable film comprising gelatin, polysaccharides, etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an encapsulated unsaturated fatty acid substance in a form of a three-layered capsule, comprising an unsaturated fatty acid or a derivative thereof (11) as a content and a coating layer (10) mainly containing gelatin, encapsulating the content (11), wherein a water-soluble gel layer (12) containing an acid or an acid salt thereof is present between the coating layer (10) and the content (11). The encapsulated unsaturated fatty acid substance of the present invention is characterized by that it has neither insolubility nor deterioration with time, and that it is enteric.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multi-layered soft capsule for effectively eliminating bad breath, and a method for producing the same. The multi-layered soft capsule (10) for eliminating bad breath of the present invention comprises a first soft capsule composed of a first soft capsule layer (1) and a first soft capsule content (3), and a second soft capsule composed of a second soft capsule layer (2) and a second soft capsule content (4), which is contained in the first soft capsule. Both the contents (3) and (4) contain a component having an effect of eliminating bad breath. The multi-layered soft capsule (10) of the present invention is characterized in that the second soft capsule (2) is solved in a stomach.

Abstract: An optical recording medium is provided with a recording layer and a reflecting film on an optically transparent substrate. The principal component of the recording layer is a dye. Virtual recording cells are assumed within grooves on the recording layer and recording marks with five different levels or more of increasing size are formed on each of the virtual recording cells by modulating the irradiation time of the laser beam in five levels or more in correspondence to the information to be recorded. The reflectance of the virtual recording cells modulates in many levels and the reflection level of the reading laser beam during regeneration is changed in five levels or more. The optically transparent substrate is made of a plastic with a glass transition point (Tg) of 160° C. or less. The reflecting film is a metal with a coefficient of thermal conductivity of 300 k/W·m−1·K−1 or more and a film thickness of 50 nm or more.

Abstract: This invention provides a seamless capsule for synthesizing biopolymer, comprising: (a) an aqueous mixture for synthesizing biopolymer, (b) a seamless capsule layer encapsulating said aqueous mixture, formed from polysaccharide or protein, and, (c) a viscous liquid intermediate layer, present between said aqueous mixture and said seamless capsule layer, which is immiscible with water, wherein said seamless capsule has a diameter of 0.01 to 10.0 mm. This invention can also provide a method for producing the seamless capsule.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a capsule containing a substance which is liable to acid, water or heat, comprising: suspending a substance which is liable to acid, water or heat in a hydrophobic substance which is non-flowable at ambient temperature; encapsulating the resulting suspension; air-drying the resulting capsule at ambient temperature; and vacuum drying or vacuum freeze-drying the air-dried capsule. A capsule obtained by the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuously producing microcapsules which comprises at least one inner pipe for extruding a material to be encapsulated, at least one outer pipe for extruding an encapsulating material, the outer pipe being coaxially arranged around the inner pipe, means for delivering the material to be encapsuled to the inner pipe, means for delivering the encapsulating material to the outer pipe, at least one capsule-forming cylinder through which a coaxial jet flow of the material to be encapsulated and encapsulating material flows downwardly and through which a coagulating agent is forced to flow downwardly, a closed chamber which contains the coagulating agent and in which the capsule-forming cylinder is arranged vertically and means for delivering the coagulating agent to the chamber, which produces up to about 50,000 microcapsules per second per a set of the inner and outer pipes and the capsule forming cylinder.

Abstract: A method for encapsulation of a liquid or meltable solid material, comprises the steps of forming a jet of a material to be encapsulated, simultaneously forming a coaxial jet of a capsule-forming material surrounding the jet of the material to be encapsulated, forming a coaxial jet of a heated circulating liquid surrounding the coaxial composite jet of the capsule-forming material and the material to be encapsulated, introducing the resultant coaxial triple jet into a flow of a cooling liquid to form capsules composed of a core of the material to be encapsulated and a capsule or coating film of the capsule-forming material. The heated circulating liquid has a temperature close to or higher than that of the capsule-forming material.