Abstract: The spontaneous orientation aid for a liquid crystal composition provides storage stability and allows liquid crystal molecules to be vertically aligned without a PI layer when added to a liquid crystal composition. When used in a liquid crystal composition, the spontaneous orientation aid can adsorb to substrates sandwiching a liquid crystal composition (liquid crystal layer) and keep the liquid crystal molecules aligned in a vertical direction. The spontaneous orientation aid makes it possible to align liquid crystal molecules without a PI layer (to induce vertical alignment of liquid crystal molecules under no applied voltage and to achieve horizontal alignment of the liquid crystal molecules under an applied voltage).

Abstract: The spontaneous orientation aid for a liquid crystal composition provides storage stability and allows liquid crystal molecules to be vertically aligned without a PI layer when added to a liquid crystal composition. When used in a liquid crystal composition, the spontaneous orientation aid can adsorb to substrates sandwiching a liquid crystal composition (liquid crystal layer) and keep the liquid crystal molecules aligned in a vertical direction. The spontaneous orientation aid makes it possible to align liquid crystal molecules without a PI layer (to induce vertical alignment of liquid crystal molecules under no applied voltage and to achieve horizontal alignment of the liquid crystal molecules under an applied voltage).

Abstract: The spontaneous orientation aid for a liquid crystal composition provides storage stability and allows liquid crystal molecules to be vertically aligned without a PI layer when added to a liquid crystal composition. The spontaneous orientation aid for a liquid crystal composition includes a compound having a partial structure represented by formula (i), particularly in which Ki1 is represented by one of formula (K-1) to formula (K-11). When used in a liquid crystal composition, the spontaneous orientation aid can adsorb to substrates sandwiching a liquid crystal composition (liquid crystal layer) and keep the liquid crystal molecules aligned in a vertical direction. The spontaneous orientation aid makes it possible to align liquid crystal molecules without a PI layer (to induce vertical alignment of liquid crystal molecules under no applied voltage and to achieve horizontal alignment of the liquid crystal molecules under an applied voltage).

Abstract: The method for forming a light-emitting layer includes the steps of: preparing an ink containing particles and a dispersion medium with a boiling point of 200° C. or more at atmospheric pressure, the particles containing light-emitting semiconductor nanocrystals and a dispersant supported on the semiconductor nanocrystals; supplying the ink to a substrate to form a coating film on the substrate; placing the substrate, on which the coating film is formed, in a chamber, and reducing the internal pressure of the chamber to a first pressure in the range of 1 to 500 Pa and holding the first pressure for 2 minutes or more to remove the dispersion medium from the coating film; and reducing the internal pressure of the chamber to a second pressure that is lower than the first pressure and holding the second pressure for a predetermined time to further remove the dispersion medium from the coating film.

Abstract: The spontaneous orientation aid for a liquid crystal composition provides storage stability and allows liquid crystal molecules to be vertically aligned without a PI layer when added to a liquid crystal composition. The spontaneous orientation aid for a liquid crystal composition includes a compound having a partial structure represented by formula (i), particularly in which Ki1 is represented by one of formula (K-1) to formula (K-11). When used in a liquid crystal composition, the spontaneous orientation aid can adsorb to substrates sandwiching a liquid crystal composition (liquid crystal layer) and keep the liquid crystal molecules aligned in a vertical direction. The spontaneous orientation aid makes it possible to align liquid crystal molecules without a PI layer (to induce vertical alignment of liquid crystal molecules under no applied voltage and to achieve horizontal alignment of the liquid crystal molecules under an applied voltage).

Abstract: The present invention provides a spontaneous orientation aid for a liquid crystal composition, containing one kind or two or more kinds of a compound having a partial structure represented by the general formula (i), wherein Zi1 represents a single bond, etc.; Ai1 represents a divalent 6-membered aromatic group, etc.; mi1 represents an integer of 1 to 5; and Ki1 represents a structure represented by any of the following formulae (K-1) to (K-8), wherein WK1 represents a methine group, etc.; XK1 and YK1 each represent —CH2—, etc.; ZK1 represents an oxygen atom, etc.; and UK1, VK1, and SK1 each represent a methine group, etc.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display element uses a liquid crystal composition which has a negative value of dielectric anisotropy (??) and is designed to improve light transmittance adjusting an elastic constant, and a liquid crystal display including the liquid crystal display element. The liquid crystal display element uses a liquid crystal composition having a dielectric anisotropy (??) of less than ?1.5, in which a value of ? of the liquid crystal composition is 0.3 or less, and the value of ? is obtained from Equation (2) using measured values of a splay elastic constant (K11) and a bend elastic constant (K33) of the liquid crystal composition and a twist elastic constant (K22) value obtained from Equation (1) using measured values of a threshold voltage (Vth), a bend elastic constant (K33), vacuum permittivity (?0), a cell gap (d), and a helical pitch (P0).

Abstract: The liquid crystal composition is designed to improve light transmittance using an elastic constant and has a negative value of dielectric anisotropy (??), a liquid crystal display element using the liquid crystal composition, and the liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal composition has a negative value of dielectric anisotropy (??) and a value of ? of 0.28 or less. The value of ? is obtained from Equation (2) using a twist elastic constant (K22) value obtained from Equation (1) using measured values of dielectric anisotropy (??), a threshold voltage (Vth), a bend elastic constant (K33), vacuum permittivity (?0), a cell gap (d), and a helical pitch (P0) and measured values of a splay elastic constant (K11) and the bend elastic constant (K33).

Abstract: The liquid crystal display element uses a liquid crystal composition which has a negative value of dielectric anisotropy (??) and is designed to improve light transmittance adjusting an elastic constant, and a liquid crystal display including the liquid crystal display element. The liquid crystal display element uses a liquid crystal composition having a dielectric anistropy (??) of less than ?1.5, in which a value of ? of the liquid crystal composition is 0.3 or less, and the value of ? is obtained from Equation (2) using measured values of a splay elastic constant (K11) and a bend elastic constant (K33) of the liquid crystal composition and a twist elastic constant (K22) value obtained from Equation (1) using measured values of a threshold voltage (Vth), a bend elastic constant (K33), vacuum permittivity (?0), a cell gap (d), and a helical pitch (P0).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device that includes a particular color filter containing a material containing chiral liquid crystals and a particular dye and/or pigment. The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that can prevent a decrease in the voltage holding ratio (VHR) of a liquid crystal layer and solve the problem of display defects, such as white spots, variations in alignment, and burn-in. Because liquid crystal display devices according to the present invention characteristically prevent a decrease in the voltage holding ratio (VHR) of a liquid crystal layer and reduces the occurrence of display defects, such as burn-in, the liquid crystal display devices are particularly useful as liquid crystal display devices in IPS mode and FFS mode for active-matrix driving and can be applied to household electrical appliances, automobiles, production facilities, measuring and analytical instruments, and communication devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device that includes a particular color filter containing a material containing chiral liquid crystals and a particular pigment. The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that can prevent a decrease in the voltage holding ratio (VHR) of a liquid crystal layer and solve the problem of display defects, such as white spots, variations in alignment, and burn-in. Because liquid crystal display devices according to the present invention characteristically prevent a decrease in the voltage holding ratio (VHR) of a liquid crystal layer and reduces the occurrence of display defects, such as burn-in, the liquid crystal display devices are particularly useful as liquid crystal display devices in IPS mode and FFS mode for active-matrix driving and can be applied to household electrical appliances, automobiles, production facilities, measuring and analytical instruments, and communication devices.

Abstract: There are provided a liquid crystal-polymer composite material including a nematic liquid crystal composition containing at least two types of achiral liquid crystal compounds, at least one type of chiral compound, and a polymer formed by polymerization of at least one type of polymerizable compound; a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal-polymer composite material in which polymerization of a polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition including a nematic liquid crystal composition containing at least two types of achiral liquid crystal compounds, at least one type of chiral compound, and at least one type of polymerizable compound is started for curing in a temperature range in which the polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition exhibits a blue phase III; and a liquid crystal optical element which uses the liquid crystal-polymer composite material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device that includes a particular color filter containing a material containing chiral liquid crystals and a particular dye and/or pigment. The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that can prevent a decrease in the voltage holding ratio (VHR) of a liquid crystal layer and solve the problem of display defects, such as white spots, variations in alignment, and burn-in. Because liquid crystal display devices according to the present invention characteristically prevent a decrease in the voltage holding ratio (VHR) of a liquid crystal layer and reduces the occurrence of display defects, such as burn-in, the liquid crystal display devices are particularly useful as liquid crystal display devices in IPS mode and FFS mode for active-matrix driving and can be applied to household electrical appliances, automobiles, production facilities, measuring and analytical instruments, and communication devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device that includes a particular color filter containing a material containing chiral liquid crystals and a particular pigment. The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that can prevent a decrease in the voltage holding ratio (VHR) of a liquid crystal layer and solve the problem of display defects, such as white spots, variations in alignment, and burn-in. Because liquid crystal display devices according to the present invention characteristically prevent a decrease in the voltage holding ratio (VHR) of a liquid crystal layer and reduces the occurrence of display defects, such as burn-in, the liquid crystal display devices are particularly useful as liquid crystal display devices in IPS mode and FFS mode for active-matrix driving and can be applied to household electrical appliances, automobiles, production facilities, measuring and analytical instruments, and communication devices.

Abstract: There are provided a liquid crystal-polymer composite material including a nematic liquid crystal composition containing at least two types of achiral liquid crystal compounds, at least one type of chiral compound, and a polymer formed by polymerization of at least one type of polymerizable compound; a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal-polymer composite material in which polymerization of a polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition including a nematic liquid crystal composition containing at least two types of achiral liquid crystal compounds, at least one type of chiral compound, and at least one type of polymerizable compound is started for curing in a temperature range in which the polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition exhibits a blue phase III; and a liquid crystal optical element which uses the liquid crystal-polymer composite material.