Abstract: A film substrate liquid crystal sealing method includes injecting a liquid crystal material between a first substrate and a second substrate via an opening part formed on the first substrate, the second substrate or combination thereof, injecting a sealing material for sealing the liquid crystal material injected in the injecting of the liquid crystal material via the opening part, and hardening the sealing material in a pressed state by pressing down a portion that protrudes from the opening part of the sealing material injected in the injecting of the sealing material toward an inside of the opening part with a pressing member.

Abstract: A method for injecting a liquid crystal material into a film substrate includes: a contacting step of forming a gap between a liquid crystal inlet of the film substrate and a bottom of a liquid crystal vessel which stores the liquid crystal material by making the film substrate contact a contact part provided for the liquid crystal vessel; and an injecting step of injecting the liquid crystal material into the liquid crystal inlet with the film substrate contacting the contact part.

Abstract: When a liquid crystal panel in which a liquid crystal is enclosed between two substrates is manufactured, a space is provided as an aperture when the liquid crystal is injected, and a sealant for bonding the two substrates is applied to one of the two substrates along a first path encompassing a first area in which the liquid crystal is enclosed, and a second path encompassing a second area facing the first area with the space interposed between the areas. The two substrates to one of which the sealant is applied are bonded. In the system according to the present invention, only the sealant applied along the second path is hardened first on the bonded two substrates. After hardening the sealant applied along the second path, a hole which is an aperture for forcibly removing a gas generated when the sealant of the first path is hardened is formed.

Abstract: The present invention provides an MMI optical device that can prevent a possible decrease in transmission rate in spite of miniaturization and integration. The optical device includes a rectangular multimode waveguide and an electromagnetic wave absorber of a light source wavelength. The electromagnetic wave absorber is located on at least one side surface of the rectangular multimode waveguide and is located at a predetermined gap from a core of the rectangular multimode waveguide.

Abstract: A very small spot-size light beam forming apparatus of the present invention comprises: a conductive film for generating a surface plasmon when an inputted light is applied thereto: a plurality of nano projections, each connected to the conductive film at one end, for receiving a portion of the surface plasmon, and outputting a plurality of input surface plasmons, respectively, from the other end of each of the plurality of nano projections, the other end of each of the plurality of nano projections having a diameter smaller than a wavelength of the inputted light; a coupling unit, connected to the other end of each of the plurality of nano projections, for receiving and coupling the plurality of input surface plasmons, so as to generate a coupled surface plasmon; and a negative-refractive-index lens, connected to the coupling unit and having a negative refractive index, for receiving a near-field light generated due to the coupled surface plasmon, and collecting the near-field light on a recording surface of

Abstract: A distributed refractive index lens and method of producing the lens are disclosed. The lens has a plurality of areas having refractive index distributions, and includes a plate-like member containing polysilane. The refractive index distribution of these areas is a distribution that includes a change in a refractive index in a direction parallel to a plane of the plate-like member, and includes a substantial uniform refractive index in a direction perpendicular to the plane.

Abstract: An optical device which includes a GI-type photonic crystal slab which includes: a first member which has a distribution of refractive indexes reduced in both directions from an optical axis of incident light as to a first direction vertical to the optical axis; and a second member periodically placed in substance among the first members as to a second direction different from the first direction, wherein the distribution of refractive indexes of the first member which relates to the first direction, a thickness which relates to the first direction of the GI-type photonic crystal slab, a wavelength of the incident light and an incident end beam spot radius ?1 which relates to the first direction inside an incident end of the GI-type photonic crystal slab entered by the light of the incident light are determined to have the incident light substantially confined inside the GI-type photonic crystal slab as to the first direction.

Abstract: An optical waveguide includes three cores formed within a single cladding, and each of the cores embed therein a light source and a light-receiving section, whose respective optical axes are aligned to each other. The light-receiving section includes a tapered reflective side surface, a light blocking section, and a light-receiving body. The tapered reflective side surface guides, among lights that propagate through the cores, only a light having an incidence angle within a range whose upper limit of is an angle ?0C decided based on NA of the optical waveguide, to an effective light-receiving portion. The tapered reflective side surface has a spread angle facing toward a direction of the light source, and is installed in a periphery of the effective light-receiving portion. An aperture diameter of the tapered reflective side surface is designed to be equal to or less than a width (or diameter) of the cores.

Abstract: A graded-index optical member includes a core section which has a maximum portion of a refractive index at a substantial center of a cross-section, and has a refractive index distribution that a refractive index decreases according to distance from the maximum portion. A clad section which contacts at least partially with a periphery of the core section. Refractive index is substantially uniform, by making a concentration distribution of siloxane structure, where concentration increases according to distance from the maximum portion of the refractive index of the core section, formed in a sheet-like polysilane.

Abstract: An optical transmission device is provided with a first optical member having a negative refraction angle with respect to an incident angle of a beam and a second optical member having a positive refraction angle with respect to the incident angle, wherein the first and second optical members are arranged one each or more in tandem alternatively.

Abstract: The present invention provides an MMI optical device that can prevent a possible decrease in transmission rate in spite of miniaturization and integration. The optical device includes a rectangular multimode waveguide and an electromagnetic wave absorber of a light source wavelength. The electromagnetic wave absorber is located on at least one side surface of the rectangular multimode waveguide and is located at a predetermined gap from a core of the rectangular multimode waveguide.

Abstract: A distributed refractive index lens and method of producing the lens are disclosed. The lens has a plurality of areas having refractive index distributions, and includes a plate-like member containing polysilane. The refractive index distribution of these areas is a distribution that includes a change in a refractive index in a direction parallel to a plane of the plate-like member, and includes a substantial uniform refractive index in a direction perpendicular to the plane.

Abstract: An optical device which includes a GI-type photonic crystal slab which includes: a first member which has a distribution of refractive indexes reduced in both directions from an optical axis of incident light as to a first direction vertical to the optical axis; and a second member periodically placed in substance among the first members as to a second direction different from the first direction, wherein the distribution of refractive indexes of the first member which relates to the first direction, a thickness which relates to the first direction of the GI-type photonic crystal slab, a wavelength of the incident light and an incident end beam spot radius ?1 which relates to the first direction inside an incident end of the GI-type photonic crystal slab entered by the light of the incident light are determined to have the incident light substantially confined inside the GI-type photonic crystal slab as to the first direction.

Abstract: An optical modulator has a waveguide on which propagation light is incident, a metal layer located adjacent to the waveguide and having a periodic structure which periodically extends along at least in a propagation direction of the waveguide, and a dielectric layer located adjacent to a surface of the metal layer which is opposite a surface to which the waveguide is adjacent, the dielectric layer having an electrooptical effect.

Abstract: A very small spot-size light beam forming apparatus of the present invention comprises: a conductive film for generating a surface plasmon when an inputted light is applied thereto: a plurality of nano projections, each connected to the conductive film at one end, for receiving a portion of the surface plasmon, and outputting a plurality of input surface plasmons, respectively, from the other end of each of the plurality of nano projections, the other end of each of the plurality of nano projections having a diameter smaller than a wavelength of the inputted light; a coupling unit, connected to the other end of each of the plurality of nano projections, for receiving and coupling the plurality of input surface plasmons, so as to generate a coupled surface plasmon; and a negative-refractive-index lens, connected to the coupling unit and having a negative refractive index, for receiving a near-field light generated due to the coupled surface plasmon, and collecting the near-field light on a recording surface of

Abstract: A wavelength multiplexed light source using multimode interference is provided. The light source includes an input unit for inputting a plurality of incident lights, input waveguides for individually guiding the incident lights, a multimode waveguide having an input edge connected to the input waveguides so that each incident light is coupled at a predetermined position on an output edge opposite to the input edge and an output waveguide connected to the predetermined position. Two incident lights having adjacent wavelengths are arranged relative to a central position of the input edge based on a respective wavelength for the incident light.

Abstract: An optical receiving device includes an optical receiving element and a light collecting portion having an output surface close to or in contact with the optical receiving surface of the optical receiving element. The dispersion plane at an arbitrary point on the line connecting an arbitrary point on an input surface of the light collecting portion to the optical receiving point where light inputted on the arbitrary point on the input surface is received on the optical receiving surface of the optical receiving element is flat, and the normal to the dispersion plane is parallel to the line.

Abstract: This invention not only provides a graded-index optical member which has heat resistance of 100° C. or more in simple process, but also provides a manufacturing method of a graded-index optical member which can produce a small optical module nearly equal to a diameter of an optical fiber and used for optical communication or an optical network. A graded-index optical member 105 includes a core section 102 which has a maximum portion of a refractive index at a substantial center of a cross-section, and has a refractive index distribution that a refractive index decreases according to distance from the maximum portion. A clad section 103 contacts at least partially with a periphery of the core section 102. Refractive index is substantially uniform, by making a concentration distribution of siloxane structure, where concentration increases according to distance from the maximum portion of the refractive index of the core section 102, formed in a sheet-like polysilane 101.

Abstract: A wavelength multiplexed light source using multimode interference is provided. The light source includes an input unit for inputting a plurality of incident lights, input waveguides for individually guiding the incident lights, a multimode waveguide having an input edge connected to the input waveguides so that each incident light is coupled at a predetermined position on an output edge opposite to the input edge and an output waveguide connected to the predetermined position. Two incident lights having adjacent wavelengths are arranged relative to a central position of the input edge based on a respective wavelength for the incident light.

Abstract: An optical modulator has: a waveguide on which propagation light is incident; a metal layer located adjacent to the waveguide and having a periodic structure which periodically extends along at least in a propagation direction of the waveguide; and a dielectric layer located adjacent to a surface of the metal layer which is opposite a surface to which the waveguide is adjacent, the dielectric layer having an electrooptical effect.