Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine of an automotive vehicle. The piston has a piston ring and a piston skirt section each of which has a sliding section in slidable contact with a cylinder bore section of a cylinder block in presence of a lubricating oil. The cylinder bore section is formed of eutectic or hyper-eutectic aluminum alloy. Additionally, a hard carbon thin film is coated on the sliding section of the piston and contains hydrogen atom in an amount of not more than 1 atomic %. Here, the lubricating oil contains at least one selected from the group consisting of ashless fatty acid ester friction modifier, ashless aliphatic amine friction modifier, polybutenyl succinimide, derivative of polybutenyl succinimide, zinc dithiophosphate, and derivative of zinc dithiophosphate.

Abstract: An engine piston-pin sliding structure includes a piston pin slidably engaged into a pin boss of an engine piston and having a base and a hard carbon coating formed on the base so as to define a sliding surface slidable over a bearing surface of the pin boss and a lubricant interposed between the sliding surface of the piston pin and the bearing surface of the pin boss. The hard carbon coating contains 25 atomic % or less of hydrogen, and the lubricant contains at least one of an ashless fatty-ester friction modifier and an ashless aliphatic-amine friction modifier.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine of an automotive vehicle. The piston has a piston ring and a piston skirt section each of which has a sliding section in slidable contact with a cylinder bore section of a cylinder block in presence of a lubricating oil. The cylinder bore section is formed of eutectic or hyper-eutectic aluminum alloy. Additionally, a hard carbon thin film is coated on the sliding section of the piston and contains hydrogen atom in an amount of not more than 1 atomic %. Here, the lubricating oil contains at least one selected from the group consisting of ashless fatty acid ester friction modifier, ashless aliphatic amine friction modifier, polybutenyl succinimide, derivative of polybutenyl succinimide, zinc dithiophosphate, and derivative of zinc dithiophosphate.

Abstract: An engine piston-pin sliding structure includes a piston pin slidably engaged into a pin boss of an engine piston and having a base and a hard carbon coating formed on the base so as to define a sliding surface slidable over a bearing surface of the pin boss and a lubricant interposed between the sliding surface of the piston pin and the bearing surface of the pin boss. The hard carbon coating contains 25 atomic % or less of hydrogen, and the lubricant contains at least one of an ashless fatty-ester friction modifier and an ashless aliphatic-amine friction modifier.

Abstract: The present invention is to solve problems such as a longer working period because of requirements for lot of working processes, use of a lot of sheets in the course of repeated proofreading work by multiple proofreaders, occurrence of errors in proofreading or retrogressive work, and delayed deliveries due to difficulties in managing proofreading work accurately. It also makes it possible to reduce the number of processes to create multiple documents containing a common sentence(s) and the number of processes to revise the sentence(s) containing the common sentence(s).

Abstract: A flaw detecting method and apparatus for continuously testing a strip that is continuously carried through a liquid includes features for reducing air bubble generation in a liquid. The apparatus includes a liquid, carrying rolls for passage of the strip through the liquid, and ultrasonic testing probes arranged in the liquid for testing the strip. A carrying roll in contact with the liquid is fully immersed. Air bubble generation is inhibited to improve the testing reliability by at least one of (a) shielding the liquid dropping from the portion of the strip leaving the liquid, (b) reducing the dropping force of the liquid onto the liquid surface by inclining the strip, (c) installing the fully immersed carrying roll at a depth of at least 5 mm in the liquid, and (d) using a carrying speed of less than about 200 m/min. Upon manufacturing steel strips, testing is carried out in the stage of hot-rolled steel sheet, or, preferably, in pickling equipment.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for rolling metal strips by a tandem cold rolling mill. The strip is periodically swung in its width directions at a location upstream of the tandem rolling mill, to bring the strip into contact with rolls of the tandem cold rolling mill over areas of the rolls as widely as possible, thereby preventing irregular wears of the rolls to make it possible to produce defect-free metal strips.

Abstract: A method of coiling a thin strip on a tension reel, which comprises coiling a strip rolled to a thickness of not more than 0.3 mm through a last stand of a cold tandem mill at different values of delivery side tension of the last stand and coiling tension produced by arranging a tension control means between the last stand and the tension reel.

Abstract: A self-drilling and self-extruding fastener having a constant cross section stem and a tapering end portion terminating in a sharp point. The stem is provided with a pair of screw threads of like configuration. The tapering portion is provided with a third thread which begins at the pointed forward end in a very steep lead angle which functions as a drilling portion and thereafter the lead angle decreases so that the third thread may function to extrude the metal surrounding a guide opening formed by the drilling portion. Depending upon the screw thread configurations, one or both of the screw threads cooperate with the third thread to further extrude sheetmetal surrounding the guide opening into a cylindrical bore, after which the screw threads self-tap into the wall of the cylindrical bore of the projection and thereby firmly grip the sheetmetal.

Abstract: A self-extruding fastener having a head provided with a cross groove, a stem having two screw threads and a tapering portion terminating at a sharp pointed forward end adapted to form a guide opening in a thin sheet of metal. A third screw thread generates in a position midway between said two screw threads and in a portion where the stem ends and the tapering portion begins, and extends to the pointed forward end, while the two screw threads disappear in the tapering portion. Therefore, the self-extruding fastener according to the invention comprises three sections, that is, two screw thread section, three screw thread section and one screw thread section.