Abstract: An optical fiber branching switching apparatus that branches and switches a multi-core fiber to a multi-core fiber is provided. Provided is an optical fiber branching switching apparatus including a first optical fiber, a second optical fiber, a third optical fiber, a plurality of fourth optical fibers, a plurality of fifth optical fibers, and a plurality of sixth optical fibers, wherein the first optical fiber is connected to the second optical fiber by using a plurality of the fourth optical fibers, the first optical fiber is connected to the third optical fiber by using a plurality of the fifth optical fibers, and the second optical fiber is connected to the third optical fiber by using a plurality of the sixth optical fibers.

Abstract: A submarine optical communication system includes a first submarine device and a second submarine device. The first submarine device includes a first monitoring circuit for monitoring an operation state of the first submarine device and a first optical signal adjusting circuit for adjusting an intensity of an optical signal in a first wavelength band based on a first monitoring result obtained by the first monitoring circuit and outputting the adjusted optical signal as an optical signal including the first monitoring result. The second submarine device includes a second monitoring circuit for monitoring an operation state of the second submarine device and a second optical signal adjusting circuit for adjusting an intensity of an optical signal in a second wavelength band based on a second monitoring result obtained by the first monitoring circuit and outputting the adjusted optical signal as an optical signal including the second monitoring result.

Abstract: In a case where a failure occurs in a part of an optical fiber in an optical cable, when attempting to switch to a redundant configuration, the stable use of an optical transmission system is impaired, so that the wavelength band cannot be used effectively. Accordingly, the optical transmission system of the present invention includes a first optical device configured to change the transmission line of a wavelength band signal propagating through a first optical transmission line to a second optical transmission line that is the same path as the first optical transmission line, in the stage before a faulty part in the first optical transmission line, and a second optical device configured to change the transmission line of the wavelength band signal from the second optical transmission line to the first optical transmission line, in the stage after the faulty part.

Abstract: An object to provide a submarine optical transmission apparatus capable of efficiently housing optical components and electric components. First component housing units can house either or both of an optical component and an electric component and are stacked in a Z-direction. A case can house the first component housing units and a longitudinal direction thereof is an X-direction. A heat dissipating member is disposed in the case and conducts heat generated in the first component housing units to the case.

Abstract: A submarine optical communication system includes a first submarine device and a second submarine device. The first submarine device includes a first monitoring circuit for monitoring an operation state of the first submarine device and a first optical signal adjusting circuit for adjusting an intensity of an optical signal in a first wavelength band based on a first monitoring result obtained by the first monitoring circuit and outputting the adjusted optical signal as an optical signal including the first monitoring result. The second submarine device includes a second monitoring circuit for monitoring an operation state of the second submarine device and a second optical signal adjusting circuit for adjusting an intensity of an optical signal in a second wavelength band based on a second monitoring result obtained by the first monitoring circuit and outputting the adjusted optical signal as an optical signal including the second monitoring result.

Abstract: An object to provide a submarine optical transmission apparatus capable of efficiently housing optical components and electric components. A submarine optical transmission apparatus includes a case, an electric component housing unit, and an optical component housing unit. The electric component housing unit and the optical component housing unit can house either or both of an optical component and an electric component and are stacked in a Z-direction. The case can house the electric component housing unit and the optical component housing unit that are stacked, and a longitudinal direction thereof is an X-direction.

Abstract: An object to provide a submarine optical transmission apparatus capable of efficiently housing optical components and electric components. First component housing units can house either or both of an optical component and an electric component and are stacked in a Z-direction. A case can house the first component housing units and a longitudinal direction thereof is an X-direction. A heat dissipating member is disposed in the case and conducts heat generated in the first component housing units to the case.

Abstract: The function of each component of an optical transmission device is as follows. The wavelength selecting means has a means for selecting an optical signal, and a means for outputting a signal after adjusting the signal level. The optical amplifying means amplifies the wavelength multiplexed signal having the adjusted signal level. The measuring means measures the spectrum of the amplified wavelength multiplexed signal. The setting means sets a spectrum shape, which serves as a reference of the wavelength multiplexed signal to be outputted to the transmission line, as output spectrum setting information. The control means compares the measured spectrum with the output spectrum setting information and determines the attenuation amount when adjusting the signal level for each wavelength of the wavelength multiplexed signal in the wavelength selecting means. The wavelength selecting means adjusts the signal level on the basis of the determined attenuation amount.

Abstract: An object to provide a submarine optical transmission apparatus capable of efficiently housing optical components and electric components. A submarine optical transmission apparatus includes a case, an electric component housing unit, and an optical component housing unit. The electric component housing unit and the optical component housing unit can house either or both of an optical component and an electric component and are stacked in a Z-direction. The case can house the electric component housing unit and the optical component housing unit that are stacked, and a longitudinal direction thereof is an X-direction.

Abstract: An object to provide a submarine optical transmission apparatus capable of efficiently housing optical components and electric components. First component housing units can house either or both of an optical component and an electric component and are stacked in a Z-direction. A case can house the first component housing units and a longitudinal direction thereof is an X-direction. A heat dissipating member is disposed in the case and conducts heat generated in the first component housing units to the case.

Abstract: Provided is a technology for simultaneously monitoring a plurality of relay devices. A relay device 1 comprises a superimposing unit 2 and a monitor unit 3. The relay device 1 is interposed on an optical transmission path between optical communication devices that send and receive an optical signal, and has a function for relaying the optical signal flowing through the optical transmission path. The monitor unit 3 monitors the operation status of the relay device 1. At a predetermined timing, the superimposing unit 2 superimposes monitor unit 3 monitoring-information onto an optical signal of a primary signal flowing through the optical transmission path, by performing modulation processing on the basis of an oscillation signal having a predetermined oscillation frequency. The relay device 1 can spontaneously superimpose the monitoring information onto an optical signal and transmit same.

Abstract: The function of each component of an optical transmission device is as follows. The wavelength selecting means has a means for selecting an optical signal, and a means for outputting a signal after adjusting the signal level. The optical amplifying means amplifies the wavelength multiplexed signal having the adjusted signal level. The measuring means measures the spectrum of the amplified wavelength multiplexed signal. The setting means sets a spectrum shape, which serves as a reference of the wavelength multiplexed signal to be outputted to the transmission line, as output spectrum setting information. The control means compares the measured spectrum with the output spectrum setting information and determines the attenuation amount when adjusting the signal level for each wavelength of the wavelength multiplexed signal in the wavelength selecting means. The wavelength selecting means adjusts the signal level on the basis of the determined attenuation amount.

Abstract: Provided is a technology for simultaneously monitoring a plurality of relay devices. A relay device 1 comprises a superimposing unit 2 and a monitor unit 3. The relay device 1 is interposed on an optical transmission path between optical communication devices that send and receive an optical signal, and has a function for relaying the optical signal flowing through the optical transmission path. The monitor unit 3 monitors the operation status of the relay device 1. At a predetermined timing, the superimposing unit 2 superimposes monitor unit 3 monitoring-information onto an optical signal of a primary signal flowing through the optical transmission path, by performing modulation processing on the basis of an oscillation signal having a predetermined oscillation frequency. The relay device 1 can spontaneously superimpose the monitoring information onto an optical signal and transmit same.

Abstract: An object to be achieved by the present invention is to provide a microneedle array which is able to supply effectively retinoic acid to the skin and effective in treating pimples, stains or wrinkles. The retinoic acid microneedle array comprises: a microneedle array having a microneedle substrate 5 and microneedles 1 disposed on the microneedle substrate 5; and a drug retained on the microneedles 1 and containing a water-swelling polymer and retinoic acid.

Abstract: Through conductors pass through a capacitor and a grounding member. Insulating tubes cover the through conductors respectively. An insulating case is provided at one surface of the grounding member. An insulating cover is provided at an opposite surface of the grounding member. Insulating resins fill a space inside the insulating case, a space inside the insulating cover, and a space around the capacitor. The insulating case is constituted of a mixture containing polybutylene terephthalate and an inorganic substance which contains glass powder and ceramic powder. The content of the inorganic substance is set within a range of 15 wt % to 45 wt % relative to the entire quantity of the mixture.

Abstract: Through conductors pass through a capacitor and a grounding member. Insulating tubes cover the through conductors respectively. An insulating case is provided at one surface of the grounding member. An insulating cover is provided at an opposite surface of the grounding member. Insulating resins fill a space inside the insulating case, a space inside the insulating cover, and a space around the capacitor. The insulating case is constituted of a mixture containing polybutylene terephthalate and an inorganic substance which contains glass powder and ceramic powder. The content of the inorganic substance is set within a range of 15 wt % to 45 wt % relative to the entire quantity of the mixture.

Abstract: An apparatus for preparing a semi-frozen confection of the present invention has a freezing cylinder for main ingredient of the semi-frozen confection, and a syrup refrigerating cylinder installed in the vicinity of both a semi-frozen confection dispensing conduit and the freezing cylinder. Accordingly, when preparing a semi-frozen confection composed of, e.g., ice cream and syrup to be served in a cone, rise in the temperature of the ice cream caused by the syrup may be restrained, thereby enabling the semi-frozen confection produced to retain its shape. The apparatus further has a microcomputer for controlling the rotating speed of at least one of the mixers respectively housed in the freezing cylinder and in the syrup refrigerating cylinder. This permits the proportion of, e.g., the ice cream and syrup composing the semi-frozen confection to be varied as desired.