Abstract: A gold-supported carbon catalyst includes gold fine particles supported on carbon black, wherein the gold fine particles are coordinated by an alkanethiol at a coverage of from 10% to 70%, and wherein the gold fine particles have an average particle diameter of from 1.0 nm to 1.5 nm.

Abstract: A platinum core-shell catalyst that uses palladium (Pd) as a core metal, or a platinum catalyst containing platinum and a metal besides platinum is manufactured industrially on a mass scale. The platinum catalyst is supported on carbon and has excellent oxygen reduction activity. The platinum catalyst is made for a fuel cell by bringing about the presence of a chemical species imparting higher potential than the initial oxide formation potential of the platinum of the platinum catalyst, and by bringing about the presence of a chemical species imparting lower potential than the initial oxide formation potential of the platinum of the platinum catalyst. The manufacture is carried out in a dispersion solution of the platinum catalyst dispersed in an acidic solution containing protons.

Abstract: A platinum core-shell catalyst that uses palladium (Pd) as a core metal, or a platinum catalyst containing platinum and a metal besides platinum is manufactured industrially on a mass scale. The platinum catalyst is supported on carbon and has excellent oxygen reduction activity. The platinum catalyst is made for a fuel cell by bringing about the presence of a chemical species imparting higher potential than the initial oxide formation potential of the platinum of the platinum catalyst, and by bringing about the presence of a chemical species imparting lower potential than the initial oxide formation potential of the platinum of the platinum catalyst. The manufacture is carried out in a dispersion solution of the platinum catalyst dispersed in an acidic solution containing protons.

Abstract: A multimetallic nanoscale catalyst having a core portion enveloped by a shell portion and exhibiting high catalytic activity and improved catalytic durability. In various embodiments, the core/shell nanoparticles comprise a gold particle coated with a catalytically active platinum bimetallic material. The shape of the nanoparticles is substantially defined by the particle shape of the core portion. The nanoparticles may be dispersed on a high surface area substrate for use as a catalyst and is characterized by no significant loss in surface area and specific activity following extended potential cycling.

Abstract: A multimetallic nanoscale catalyst having a core portion enveloped by a shell portion and exhibiting high catalytic activity and improved catalytic durability. In various embodiments, the core/shell nanoparticles comprise a gold particle coated with a catalytically active platinum bimetallic material. The shape of the nanoparticles is substantially defined by the particle shape of the core portion. The nanoparticles may be dispersed on a high surface area substrate for use as a catalyst and is characterized by no significant loss in surface area and specific activity following extended potential cycling.

Abstract: A multimetallic nanoscale catalyst having a sore portion enveloped by a shell portion and exhibiting high catalytic activity and improved catalytic durability. In various embodiments, the core/shell nanoparticles comprise a gold particle coated with a catalytically active platinum bimetallic material. The shape of the nanoparticles is substantially defined by the particle shape of the core portion. The nanoparticles may be dispersed on a high surface area substrate for use as a catalyst and is characterized by no significant loss in surface area and specific activity following extended potential cycling.

Abstract: A multimetallic nanoscale catalyst having a sore portion enveloped by a shell portion and exhibiting high catalytic activity and improved catalytic durability. In various embodiments, the core/shell nanoparticles comprise a gold particle coated with a catalytically active platinum bimetallic material. The shape of the nanoparticles is substantially defined by the particle shape of the core portion. The nanoparticles may be dispersed on a high surface area substrate for use as a catalyst and is characterized by no significant loss in surface area and specific activity following extended potential cycling.

Abstract: There is provided a composite catalyst in which metal particles having catalytic activity are supported at a high density on a surface of an inorganic oxide, and the supported metal particles are strongly fixed to the surface of the inorganic oxide to improve the durability of the composite catalyst. The composite catalyst includes the inorganic oxide and the metal particles. A compound having a functional group including an amino group or a thiol group is bonded to a surface of the inorganic oxide. The metal particles are bonded to the functional group.

Abstract: A fuel cell has an anode, a cathode, and a polymer electrolyte membrane placed between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes a catalyst which is composed of binary or ternary particulates deposited on a carbon support. The particulate is represented by a general formula: Pt—P, wherein Ru is optionally present. The content of P is in a range of 2 mol % to 50 mol % based on the total moles of Pt or Pt—Ru. The diameter of the catalyst particulates is in range from 1 to 3 nm.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a fuel electrode, an oxygen electrode, and a polymer electrolyte membrane placed between the fuel electrode and the oxygen electrode. The fuel electrode and/or the oxygen electrode include a catalyst composed of a particle containing at least Pt and P and a carbon support.

Abstract: An acid resistant composite catalyst comprising dumbbell-shaped composite nanoparticles each comprising a noble metal nanoparticle epitaxially conjugated to a ferrite particle, and/or flower-shaped composite nanoparticles each comprising a noble metal nanoparticle epitaxially conjugated to at least two ferrite particles. The acid resistant composite catalyst is useful to facilitate the reduction of oxygen. The acid resistant composite catalyst can be used in a fuel cell comprising a fuel electrode, an oxygen electrode, and a polymer electrolyte membrane placed between the fuel electrode and the oxygen electrode. The oxygen electrode includes the acid resistant composite catalyst.

Abstract: An electroless plating film with high adhesive strength is formed on surfaces of polymer substrates of various kinds, at low cost by providing a method of manufacturing a polymer member, including: preparing a polymer substrate having metallic fine particles impregnated on and inside a surface thereof; bringing pressurized carbon dioxide into contact with the polymer substrate to swell a surface area of the polymer substrate; and bringing an electroless plating solution containing pressurized carbon dioxide and being in a state causing a plating reaction, into contact with the polymer substrate while the surface area of the polymer substrate is swollen, to form a plating film on the polymer substrate.

Abstract: A fuel cell has an anode, a cathode, and a polymer electrolyte membrane placed between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes a catalyst which is composed of binary or ternary particulates deposited on a carbon support. The particulate is represented by a general formula: Pt—P, wherein Ru is optionally present. The content of P is in a range of 2 mol % to 50 mol % based on the total moles of Pt or Pt—Ru. The diameter of the catalyst particulates is in range from 1 to 3 nm.

Abstract: A fuel cell has an anode, a cathode, and a polymer electrolyte membrane placed between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes a catalyst which is composed of binary or ternary particulates deposited on a carbon support. The particulate is represented by a general formula: Pt—P, wherein Ru is optionally present. The content of P is in a range of 2 mol % to 50 mol % based on the total moles of Pt or Pt—Ru. The diameter of the catalyst particulates is in range from 1 to 3 nm.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a fuel electrode, an oxygen electrode, and a polymer electrolyte membrane placed between the fuel electrode and the oxygen electrode. The fuel electrode and/or the oxygen electrode include a catalyst composed of a particle containing at least Pt and P and a carbon support.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to supply an optical communication device and an optical communication module that are provided with a substrate, a vertical waveguide that is formed in the substrate and that is for transmitting light in a thickness direction of the substrate, a horizontal waveguide that is formed in the substrate and that is for transmitting light in a planar direction of the substrate, and a light bending portion for optically coupling the vertical waveguide and the horizontal waveguide. The substrate is a laminated body including a first substrate in whose surface a groove is formed and in which a reflective mirror is disposed on at least one end of the groove, and a second substrate layered to the surface of the first substrate in which the groove is formed and in which a through hole located in opposition to the portion of the groove in which the reflective mirror is disposed is formed.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to supply an optical communication device and an optical communication module that are provided with a substrate, a vertical waveguide that is formed in the substrate and that is for transmitting light in a thickness direction of the substrate, a horizontal waveguide that is formed in the substrate and that is for transmitting light in a planar direction of the substrate, and a light bending portion for optically coupling the vertical waveguide and the horizontal waveguide. The substrate is a laminated body including a first substrate in whose surface a groove is formed and in which a reflective mirror is disposed on at least one end of the groove, and a second substrate layered to the surface of the first substrate in which the groove is formed and in which a through hole located in opposition to the portion of the groove in which the reflective mirror is disposed is formed.

Abstract: A fuel cell has an anode, a cathode, and a polymer electrolyte membrane placed between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes a catalyst which is composed of binary or ternary particulates deposited on a carbon support. The particulate is represented by a general formula: Pt—P, wherein Ru is optionally present. The content of P is in a range of 2 mol % to 50 mol % based on the total moles of Pt or Pt—Ru. The diameter of the catalyst particulates is in range from 1 to 3 nm.

Abstract: A novel method for preparing fine particles comprising a transition metal and a noble metal which are monodispersed and have almost no particle diameter distribution, and are transferable to a CuAu-I type L10 ordered phase, with safety and at a low cost, wherein a salt or a complex of at least one transition metal selected from Fe and Co and a salt or a complex of at least one transition metal selected from Pt and Pd (exclusive of the combination of Co—Pd) is dissolved in an organic solvent miscible with water or an alcohol in the presence of an organic protecting agent, and the resultant solution is heated under reflux in the presence of an alcohol in an inert atmosphere, to thereby prepare a binary alloy comprising a transition metal and a noble metal, or a salt or a complex of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cu, Bi, Sb, Sn, Pb and Ag is further dissolved in the above solvent and the resultant solution is heated under reflux in the presence of an alcohol in an inert atmosphere, to

Abstract: A member having a metal layer is disclosed. The member is a silicon substrate or quartz substrate, for example, which is mainly composed of silicon or silicon oxide. A plurality of overhanging depressions are created on the surface of the member, and an anchor layer is formed thereon by filling the depressions. On the anchor layer is formed a metal film. The depressions are created by physical grinding followed by chemical etching. The anchor layer is NiP or NiB, for example. The metal layer is Au or AuSn, for instance.